United States v. Brown

UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,  Plaintiff-Appellee, v.  No. 00-4288 GARY LEON BROWN, Defendant-Appellant.  Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, at Greensboro. Frank W. Bullock, Jr., District Judge. (CR-89-92) Submitted: September 29, 2000 Decided: October 19, 2000 Before WILKINS, LUTTIG, and WILLIAMS, Circuit Judges. Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. COUNSEL Bryan Emery Gates, Jr., Winston-Salem, North Carolina, for Appel- lant. Walter C. Holton, Jr., United States Attorney, Harry L. Hob- good, Assistant United States Attorney, Greensboro, North Carolina, for Appellee. Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See Local Rule 36(c). 2 UNITED STATES v. BROWN OPINION PER CURIAM: Gary Leon Brown was convicted in 1989 of conspiring to possess cocaine and crack cocaine with intent to distribute and of distributing crack. The district court sentenced Brown to imprisonment for 235 months. We vacated and remanded for resentencing because the dis- trict court failed to make an independent finding of perjury necessary to support the enhancement Brown received for obstruction of justice. See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3C1.1 (1998); see also United States v. Dunnigan, 507 U.S. 87, 95 (1993). On remand, the district court found that the obstruction of justice enhancement was not appropriate and sentenced Brown to 223 months imprisonment— a twelve month reduction from his original sentence. Brown’s attor- ney has filed a brief in accordance with Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967), addressing whether the district court’s decision to impose a sentence at the top of the guideline range was based on vin- dictiveness and whether the court should have departed downward based on Brown’s post-offense rehabilitation. Counsel concedes, however, there are no meritorious issues for appeal. Brown has filed a supplemental pro se brief in which he essentially restates his attor- ney’s first claim. Brown first claims that the district court’s decision to impose a sen- tence at the top of the guidelines range was based on vindictiveness because he successfully attacked his original sentence. Because the sentence Brown received on remand was less onerous than that origi- nally imposed, the presumption of vindictiveness provided under North Carolina v. Pearce, 395 U.S. 711, 725 (1969), does not apply. See United States v. Kincaid, 964 F.2d 325, 328 (4th Cir. 1992) (hold- ing that the presumption of vindictiveness applies only where "the new sentence is actually harsher than that imposed prior to [the] suc- cessful appeal") (internal quotation omitted). Second, Brown challenges the district court’s refusal to depart downward for post-offense rehabilitation. A defendant may not appeal a district court’s refusal to depart downward at sentencing unless the court’s refusal was based on a mistaken view that it lacked the authority to depart. See United States v. Bayerle, 898 F.2d 28, 31 UNITED STATES v. BROWN 3 (4th Cir. 1990). Here, there is no evidence that the district court mis- apprehended its authority to depart downward; rather, its determina- tion was based upon the court’s finding that Brown’s post-conviction behavior was insufficient to warrant such a departure. See United States v. Brock, 108 F.3d 31, 35 (4th Cir. 1997) (holding that extraor- dinary and unusual post-offense rehabilitation is an appropriate ground for departure). In accordance with the requirements of Anders, we have examined the entire record in this case and find no meritorious issues for appeal. This court requires that counsel inform his client, in writing, of his right to petition the Supreme Court of the United States for further review. If the client requests that a petition be filed, but counsel believes that such a petition would be frivolous, then counsel may move in this court for leave to withdraw from representation. Coun- sel’s motion must state that a copy thereof was served on the client. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal conten- tions are adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED