United States v. Padgett

UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,  Plaintiff-Appellee, v.  No. 00-4923 JOHN MARK PADGETT, Defendant-Appellant.  Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina, at Charleston. Solomon Blatt, Jr., Senior District Judge. (CR-99-457) Submitted: October 10, 2002 Decided: November 8, 2002 Before WILKINS, MICHAEL, and GREGORY, Circuit Judges. Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. COUNSEL Michael S. Seekings, MULLEN, WYLIE & SEEKINGS, Charleston, South Carolina, for Appellant. J. Strom Thurmond, Jr., United States Attorney, Mary Gordon Baker, Assistant United States Attorney, Charleston, South Carolina, for Appellee. Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See Local Rule 36(c). 2 UNITED STATES v. PADGETT OPINION PER CURIAM: John Mark Padgett appeals his conviction and sentence for know- ingly transporting and shipping child pornography, in interstate com- merce by computer, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2252A(a)(1) (2000). Finding no reversible error, we affirm. On appeal, Padgett contends that the district court erred in impos- ing two sentencing enhancements pursuant to U.S. Sentencing Guide- lines Manual ("USSG") § 2G2.2 (1998). First, Padgett argues that the district court erred in imposing a five level enhancement for distribu- tion of child pornography pursuant to USSG § 2G2.2(b)(2) because there was no evidence of any pecuniary gain. This argument is fore- closed by our decision in United States v. Williams, 253 F.3d 789, 793-95 (4th Cir. 2001) (holding that the enhancement applies to dis- tributions not made solely for pecuniary gain, and that trading child pornography is a transaction for pecuniary gain). Second, Padgett contends that the district court erred in imposing an enhancement pursuant to USSG § 2G2.2(b)(4), which provides for a five level increase in the offense level "[i]f the defendant engaged in a pattern of activity involving the sexual abuse or exploitation of a minor." The district court imposed an enhancement on this ground based on its finding that Padgett had sexually abused a minor child. Padgett argues that the enhancement does not apply because there was no evidence that the allegations of sexual abuse related to the offense of conviction. In support of this argument, Padgett cites United States v. Chapman, 60 F.3d 894 (1st Cir. 1995) (holding that a § 2G2.2(b)(4) enhancement is not appropriate where the Government fails to show that the defendant actually sexually abused or exploited minors in conjunction with trafficking child pornography). Subsequent to Chapman, however, the Sentencing Commission amended the commentary to the guideline to provide that the pattern of activity warranting the enhancement need not relate to the offense of conviction. See USSG § 2G2.2, cmt. n.1; see also United States v. Woodward, 277 F.3d 87, 91 n.2 (1st Cir. 2002) (recognizing that the commentary effectively overruled its holding in Chapman); United UNITED STATES v. PADGETT 3 States v. Neilssen, 136 F.3d 965, 971 n.* (4th Cir. 1998) (noting that the amended commentary responded in part to the Chapman deci- sion); United States v. Anderton, 136 F.3d 747, 750 & n.2 (11th Cir. 1998) (discussing the effect of the amendment to the commentary). We find that the amended commentary makes clear that the Govern- ment need not prove that Padgett’s sexual abuse of the minor child was related to the offense of conviction in order for the § 2G2.2(b)(4) enhancement to apply. We note that Padgett has filed a motion for leave to file a pro se supplemental brief. Although we grant this motion, we find no merit to the claims raised therein. We therefore affirm Padgett’s conviction and sentence. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED