COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
Present: Judges Bray, Annunziata and Overton
DONALD LEE KRENISKY
v. Record No. 2515-96-1 MEMORANDUM OPINION *
PER CURIAM
PROFESSIONAL COATINGS NORTH AMERICA, INC. MARCH 25, 1997
A/K/A PROFESSIONAL COATINGS CORPORATION,
MARINE HYDRAULICS INTERNATIONAL, INC.,
LEGION INSURANCE COMPANY, MID-ATLANTIC
COATINGS, INC., AMERICAN GUARANTEE AND
LIABILITY INSURANCE COMPANY, TIDEWATER
TEMPS, INC. AND HARTFORD UNDERWRITERS
INSURANCE COMPANY
FROM THE VIRGINIA WORKERS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION
(Robert J. Macbeth, Jr.; Rutter & Montagna,
on brief), for appellant.
(F. Nash Bilisoly; Kelly Outten Stokes;
Vandeventer, Black, Meredith & Martin, on
brief), for appellees Professional Coatings
North America, Inc. a/k/a Professional
Coatings Corporation and Legion Insurance
Company.
No briefs for appellees Marine Hydraulics
International, Inc., Mid-Atlantic Coatings,
Inc., American Guarantee and Liability
Insurance Company, Tidewater Temps, Inc. and
Hartford Underwriters Insurance Company.
Donald L. Krenisky (claimant) contends that the Workers'
Compensation Commission (commission) erred in finding that he
failed to prove he sustained an injury by accident arising out of
and in the course of his employment on or about October 17, 1994.
Upon reviewing the record and the briefs of the parties, we
*
Pursuant to Code § 17-116.010 this opinion is not
designated for publication.
conclude that this appeal is without merit. Accordingly, we
summarily affirm the commission's decision. Rule 5A:27.
On appeal, we view the evidence in the light most favorable
to the prevailing party below. R.G. Moore Bldg. Corp. v.
Mullins, 10 Va. App. 211, 212, 390 S.E.2d 788, 788 (1990).
So viewed, the evidence established that in October 1994,
claimant and a coworker were required to move approximately 400
gallons of paint contained in five-gallon buckets from dockside
to the deck of a ship. Claimant was required to lift the buckets
approximately chest-height and then place them on a deck rail.
Claimant's coworker, Warren Weidrick, then moved the buckets from
the rail to the deck. Claimant stated that while lifting a
specific bucket, he felt a sudden pain in his neck. Weidrick
testified that claimant complained of a kink in his neck.
However, claimant could not identify the exact date or time of
his injury. In early November 1994, claimant began working for
another employer performing the same type of work. Claimant
continued to work until January 30, 1995.
Claimant first received medical treatment on October 20,
1994, for complaints of neck and shoulder pain. The initial
medical history reported that claimant thought "he sustained
injury carrying five gallon paint bucket." Claimant next sought
medical treatment on November 3, 1994 at Sentara Hospital
emergency room. The emergency room record reported a history of
claimant hurting his back lifting five-gallon buckets of paint at
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work. On January 31, 1995, claimant sought medical treatment
from Dr. Timothy Raines. At that time, claimant gave a history
of injuring his back about three months earlier. An MRI
performed on January 31, 1995 revealed spondylosis at C5-6 and
C6-7 with indications of a possible herniated cervical disc. Dr.
Raines referred claimant to Dr. James F. Allen, a neurosurgeon,
for evaluation. On February 3, 1995, Dr. Allen reported a
history of "lifting multiple 5 gallon buckets on an unspecified
date while . . . at work." Dr. Allen diagnosed "underlying
cervical spondylosis with some soft suggestions of a right-sided
C6-7 disk herniation." Dr. Allen recommended that claimant
undergo conservative treatment before considering surgery. On
June 21, 1995, claimant sought treatment at Sentara Hospital
emergency room following a motor vehicle accident. The emergency
room physician diagnosed a cervical strain and lumbar strain.
"In order to establish entitlement to compensation benefits,
the claimant must prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, an
injury by accident which arose out of and in the course of his
employment." Classic Floors, Inc. v. Guy, 9 Va. App. 90, 95, 383
S.E.2d 761, 764 (1989). "[T]o establish an injury by accident, a
claimant must prove: (1) an identifiable incident; (2) that
occurs at some reasonably definite time; (3) an obvious sudden
mechanical or structural change in the body; and (4) a causal
connection between the incident and the bodily change."
Chesterfield County v. Dunn, 9 Va. App. 475, 476, 389 S.E.2d 180,
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181 (1990). Unless we can say as a matter of law that claimant's
evidence sustained his burden of proof, the commission's findings
are binding and conclusive upon us. Tomko v. Michael's
Plastering Co., 210 Va. 697, 699, 173 S.E.2d 833, 835 (1970).
The commission found that claimant failed to prove that his
disability and resulting medical treatment were caused by an
injury by accident occurring at a specific time and place. The
commission noted that, at most, the evidence established a
non-compensable gradual development of symptoms. These findings
are supported by claimant's testimony, as well as the histories
contained in the medical records, both of which suggest a gradual
increase in symptoms over a period of at least three months.
[I]njury of gradual growth, . . . not the
result of some particular piece of work done
or condition encountered on a definite
occasion, but caused by the cumulative effect
of many acts done or many exposures to
conditions prevalent in the work, no one of
which can be identified as the cause of the
harm, is definitely excluded from
compensation.
Morris v. Morris, 238 Va. 578, 585-86, 385 S.E.2d 858, 863 (1989)
(quoting Aistrop v. Blue Diamond Coal Co., 181 Va. 287, 293, 24
S.E.2d 546, 548 (1943)).
For the reasons stated, we affirm the commission's decision.
Affirmed.
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Donald Lee Krenisky v. Professional Coating
Combined Opinion