IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
MIDDLE SECTION AT NASHVILLE
STATE OF TENNESSEE, ex. rel., )
DOUGLAS M. SIZEMORE, ) Davidson Chancery Court
Commissioner of the Department ) Rule No. 92-1120-I(II)
of Commerce and Insurance for the )
State of Tennessee, ) Appeal No.
) 01A01-9610-CH-00484
Plaintiff/Appellee, )
)
VS.
UNITED PHYSICIANS INSURANCE
)
)
)
FILED
RISK RETENTION GROUP, (In )
May 28, 1997
receivership under T.C.A. § 56-9-101 )
et seq.) )
Cecil W. Crowson
)
Appellate Court Clerk
Defendant/Appellee, )
)
Claim of JANINA LOSHEK, )
)
Claimant/Appellant, )
)
Claim of ROBERT J. SLUTZKY, M.D., )
)
Claimant. )
APPEAL FROM THE DAVIDSON COUNTY
CHANCERY COURT OF NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE
HONORABLE ELLEN HOBBS LYLE, CHANCELLOR
JOHN KNOX WALKUP SARAH HIESTAND
Attorney General and Reporter Assistant Attorney General
Financial Division
500 Charlotte Avenue
Nashville, TN 37243-0496
RENARD A. HIRSCH, JR. #009489
619 Woodland Street
Nashville, TN 37206
ATTORNEYS FOR DEFENDANTS/APPELLEES
HOLLINS, WAGSTER & YARBROUGH
John L. Norris #6007
Suite 2210, SunTrust Center
424 Church Street
Nashville, TN 37219
ATTORNEY FOR CLAIMANT/APPELLANT
REVERSED AND REMANDED
HENRY F. TODD
PRESIDING JUDGE, MIDDLE SECTION
CONCUR:
BEN H. CANTRELL, JUDGE
DAVID H. WELLES, JUDGE
By designation
STATE OF TENNESSEE, ex. rel., )
DOUGLAS M. SIZEMORE, ) Davidson Chancery Court
Commissioner of the Department ) Rule No. 92-1120-I(II)
of Commerce and Insurance for the )
State of Tennessee, ) Appeal No.
) 01A01-9610-CH-00484
Plaintiff/Appellee, )
)
VS. )
)
UNITED PHYSICIANS INSURANCE )
RISK RETENTION GROUP, (In )
receivership under T.C.A. § 56-9-101 )
et seq.) )
)
Defendant/Appellee, )
)
Claim of JANINA LOSHEK, )
)
Claimant/Appellant, )
)
Claim of ROBERT J. SLUTZKY, M.D., )
)
Claimant. )
OPINION
This appeal involves the rejection of a claim against a liability insurer in a
chancery receivership. The appellant, Janina Loshek, was a patient of Dr. Robert Slutsky who
was insured against professional liability by United Physicians Insurance Retention Group which
has been placed in receivership under T.C.A. §§ 56-9-101 et seq.
On April 22, 1992, the patient, Ms. Loshek received unanticipated injury during
surgery conducted by Dr. Slutsky. On April 29, 1992, the doctor reported the incident to the
claims department of his insurer.
On July 16, 1992, the Trial Court entered an “Agreed Order of Rehabilitation”
providing in part as follows:
W. The liquidator shall give or cause to be given notice of the
Order of Liquidation in accordance with T.C.A. § 56-9-311 as
soon as possible. (4) By first class mail to all persons known or
reasonably expected to have claims against the insurer including
all policyholders, at their last known address as indicated by the
records of the insurer. (Emphasis supplied)
-2-
X. Except as otherwise established by the liquidator with
approval of the Court, notice to potential claimants under
T.C.A. § 56-9-311(a) shall require claimants to file with the
liquidator their claims together with proper proofs thereof
under T.C.A. § 56-9-324, on or before the date the liquidator
shall specify in the notice, which deadline shall be 12:01 a.m.,
July 21, 1993.
On August 5, 1992, the doctor reported the injury of Ms. Loshek to the claims
department of the insurer, sending a copy of a letter from the attorney for the patient, dated July
23, 1992, requesting medical records of the patient. The letter from the attorney contained his
name and address, and was subsequently delivered to the receiver by the insurer as part of the
general transfer of records to the receiver.
On August 17, 1992, the receiver of the insurer sent to the doctor a notice of the
deadline for filing claims. No notice of the deadline was sent to the patient.
On October 22, 1992, counsel for the patient notified the doctor that the patient
intended to sue for damages. At this time, neither the patient nor her attorney knew of the
receivership or the deadline for filing claims.
On February 12, 1993, an employee of the receiver wrote to the doctor inquiring
about the status of the Loshek claim. The doctor responded that he had no further information.
On September 3, 1993, the receiver wrote the doctor that his claim had been
rejected for failure to file same on or before July 21, 1993.
The patient filed a late claim. The date of filing is not shown, but it was sworn
to on March 25, 1996. The receiver objected to the claim of the patient. The Trial Court referred
the issue to the Clerk and Master.
-3-
On May 13, 1996, when the matter was heard by the Master, no distribution to
general liability claimants had been authorized or made. Approximately 50 disputed claims had
not been adjudicated.
The Master recommended that the receiver’s denial of the patients claim be
upheld. The Trial Court affirmed.
On appeal, the patient presents a single issue, as follows:
1. Whether the proof of claim filing deadline was erroneously
enforced against Janina Loshek when she was not given notice of
the liquidation proceeding or of the proof of claim filing deadline
even though she was clearly entitled to such notice.
The basis of appellant’s late claim is that she was entitled to notice of the
receivership and did not receive it. T.C.A. § 56-9-311 provides in pertinent part as follows:
Notice of liquidation order - Method - Contents - Effect of notice.
(a) Unless the court otherwise directs, the liquidator shall give or
cause to be given notice of the liquidation order as soon as
possible by:
----
(4) First class mail to all persons known or reasonably expected to
have claims against the insurer, including all policyholders, at
their known address as indicated by the records of the insurer; and
----
(b) Except as otherwise established by the liquidator with approval
of the court, notice to potential claimants under subsection (a)
shall require claimants to file with the liquidator their claims,
together with proper proofs thereof under § 56-9-324, on or be-
fore a date the liquidator shall specify in the notice.
----
(d) If notice is given in accordance with this section, the distribu-
tion of assets of the insurer under this chapter shall be conclusive
with respect to all claimants, whether or not they received notice.
(Emphasis supplied.)
It is clear from the above that persons having a damage claim against insured may
file a claim in the receivership proceedings of the liability insurance company of the insured.
The receiver asserts that the patient is guilty of laches in delaying to file a claim
after learning of the liquidation. It does not appear that this defense was presented to or acted
-4-
upon by the Trial Court. The issue in this appeal is whether the patient should be allowed to file
a late claim because of failure to receive the notice of deadline as required by the statute and
order of the Trial Court.
The receiver relies upon Lawreszak v. Nationwide Insurance Co., Ohio App.
1977, 392 N.E.2d 1094 in which the injured party brought an action against the liability insurer
of the alleged tortfeasor and the Court held that the injured party has a “substantial, but unvested
right” in the liability insurance of the tortfeasor until judgment has been obtained against the
tortfeasor. This authority is distinguishable by the fact that the insurer was not in liquidation,
whereas the insurer in the present case is in liquidation under a statute which specifically
provides for notice to and claims of “all persons --- reasonably expected to have claims against
the insurer.” Also, the receiver received correspondence and records which reasonably notified
him of the claim of Ms. Loshek.
The brief of the receiver admits that the appellant sued Dr. Slutsky and obtained
a judgment against him on November 1, 1995. Even under Lawreszak v. Nationwide, the
“substantial unvested right” has now become an enforceable right.
The receiver’s brief states:
Loshek could have filed a claim against U.P.I. during the litigation
period.
However, the right to file a claim includes the right to receive notice of the deadline. The failure
to receive a notice should excuse late filing unless the delay prejudiced the orderly proceedings.
The evidence shows that no such prejudice would result.
-5-
The judgment of the Trial Court is reversed, and the cause is remanded to the Trial Court
for entry of an order requiring the acceptance and consideration of the claim of Janina Loshek
upon its merits, and for further appropriate proceedings. Costs of this appeal are assessed
against the receiver for payment out of the funds of the receivership.
REVERSED AND REMANDED
___________________________________
HENRY F. TODD
PRESIDING JUDGE, MIDDLE SECTION
CONCUR:
____________________________
BEN H. CANTRELL, JUDGE
____________________________
DAVID H. WELLES, JUDGE
By designation
-6-