State v. Robert Burton

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE AT JACKSON FILED DECEMB ER SESSION, 1998 March 12, 1999 Cecil Crowson, Jr. Appellate C ourt Clerk ROB ERT J. BUR TON , SR., ) C.C.A. NO. 02C01-9807-CC-00226 ) Appe llant, ) ) WEAKLEY COUNTY V. ) ) ) HON. WILLIAM B. ACREE, JUDGE STATE OF TE NNE SSE E, ) ) Appellee. ) (POST -CON VICTIO N) FOR THE APPELLANT: FOR THE APPELLEE: KEN T F. GE ARIN JOHN KNOX WALKUP 317 South Lindell Street Attorney General & Reporter P.O. Box 169 Martin, TN 38237 ELIZABE TH T. RY AN Assistant Attorney General 2nd Floor, Cordell Hull Building 425 Fifth Avenue North Nashville, TN 37243 THOMAS A. THOMAS District Attorney General JAMES T. CANNON Assistant District Attorney General 414 South Fourth P.O. Box 218 Union City, TN 37281 OPINION FILED ________________________ AFFIRMED THOMAS T. WOODALL, JUDGE OPINION The Petitioner, Robe rt J. Burton , Sr., appe als the ord er of the W eakley C ounty Circu it Court dismissing his pe tition for p ost-co nviction relief. In th is app eal, Petitioner argues that his trial cou nsel was ineffec tive. After a careful review of the record, w e affirm the judgm ent of the tria l court. On September 8, 1994, Petitioner was convicted of one count of rape and one count of incest. Petitioner was sentenced as a Rang e I Stand ard Offe nder to concurrent sentences of twelve (12) years for the rape conviction and six (6) years for the incest conviction. Petitioner appealed the convictions and this Court affirmed both the conv ictions an d the sen tences . See State v. Robe rt J. Burton, Sr., C.C.A. No. 02C01-9507-CC-00193, Weakley County (Tenn. Crim. App., Jackson, June 10, 1996). Petitioner filed a pro se petition for post-conviction re lief and the trial court subs eque ntly appointed counsel to represent him at the hearing. On May 18, 1998, the trial court entered an order denying Petitioner’s petition for p ost-con viction relief, finding that he did receive the effective assistanc e of co unse l. In this ap peal, Petitioner again contends that he did not receive the effective assistance of counsel in that his trial cou nsel fa iled to in vestiga te and prepa re his c ase. S pecifically, he contends that his counsel failed to interview the victim, the school guidance couns elor, the victim ’s schoo l friends, an d other p ossible a libi witnesse s. The pertine nt facts as set forth in this Court’s previous opinion are as follows: On the afternoon o f Friday, March 25 , 1994, [Petitioner] invited his thirteen-year-old daughter S.B. to accompany him to his workshop. Once there, S.B. assisted [Petitioner] in the repair of an air con ditioner. After some -2- period of time, [Petitioner] approached S.B., pulled down her shorts and underwear, and pushed her back onto a couch. [Petition er] then unbu ttoned and u nzipp ed his pants, kneeled down o n top of S .B., and vagina lly penetrated her. Hav ing ejacu lated, [Pe titioner] return ed to his work o n the a ir cond itioner. After ten or fifteen minutes, [Petitioner] and S.B. left the workshop together and returned home. On the following Thursday, S.B. told Sherry Page, her school guidance counselor, about the incident. At the behest of Ms. Page, S.B. then told her mother. Ms. Page contacted the Department of Human Services and asked the agenc y to investiga te S.B.’s claim. The Department of Human Services interviewed S.B. on the following Monday and arranged for Dr. Susan Brewer, a pediatrician, to examine her for signs of sexual abuse. During the examination, S.B. again recounted the details of the incident. The p hysica l exam ination revea led tha t S.B.’s hymenal opening was enlarged for her age and that she had significant vaginal scarring, as a result of “tears” in the vaginal tissue. Dr. Brewer stated that these physical characteristics indicate vaginal penetration. In post-conviction proceedings, the petitioner has the burden of proving the allegations of fact by clear and convincing evidence. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30- 210(f). Wh en rev iewing the dis miss al of a post-conviction petition, this Court must affirm the judgment of the trial court unless the evidence in the record preponderates against the judgm ent. Black v. S tate, 794 S.W .2d 752, 755 (Tenn. Crim . App. 1990 ). In determining whether counsel provided effective assistance at trial, the court must decide whether counsel’s performance was within the range of competence demanded of attorney s in crimin al cases . Baxter v. Rose, 523 S.W.2d 930, 936 (Tenn. 1975). To succeed on a claim that his co unsel w as ineffec tive at trial, a petitioner bears the bu rden o f show ing tha t his counsel made errors so serious that he was not functioning as counsel as guaranteed under the Sixth Amendment and that the de ficient re prese ntation preju diced the p etitioner res ulting in a failur e to -3- produc e a reliable result. Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S . 668, 693 , 104 S. C t. 2052, 80 L. Ed. 2d 674, reh’g denied, 467 U.S . 1267 (1 984); Coop er v. State , 849 S.W.2d 744, 747 (Tenn. 1993); Butler v. State, 789 S.W .2d 898, 899 (Tenn. 199 0). To satisfy the second prong the petitioner must show a reason able pro bability that, but for cou nsel’s unrea sona ble erro r, the fac t finder w ould h ave ha d reas onab le doubt regarding p etitioner’s gu ilt. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 695. This reasonable probab ility must be “sufficient to undermine con fidence in the ou tcome.” Harris v. State, 875 S.W .2d 662 , 665 (T enn. 19 94) (citation omitted) . When reviewing trial coun sel’s ac tions, th is Cou rt shou ld not u se the bene fit of hindsigh t to secon d-gues s trial strategy and criticize couns el’s tactics. Hellard v. State, 629 S.W.2d 4, 9 (Tenn. 1982). Counsel’s alleged errors should be judged at the time they were m ade in ligh t of all facts and circu mstan ces. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 690; see Cooper, 849 S.W.2d at 746. In determining whether this Petitioner has satisfied these requirements, this Court must g ive the findin gs of the tria l court the weight of a jury verdict, and the judgment of the tria l court w ill not be reversed unless the evidence contained in the record prepon derates against the findings o f fact mad e by the trial c ourt. State v. Buford, 666 S.W .2d 473, 475 (Tenn. Crim . App. 1983 ). W e have reviewed Petitioner’s various claims and we find that Petitioner has failed to present any evidence that shows that his attorney represented him in any other manner than competently. We should note that Petitioner did not tes tify at his post-conviction hearing . Petitioner first claims that counsel’s failure to interview the victim prejudiced his case. H owev er, Pe titioner fa iled to p rovide any pro of at his -4- hearing that the victim would h ave agre ed to be interviewe d or that a pre-trial interview would have provided counsel with any additional information. Second ly, Petitioner claims that trial counsel failed to interview other witnesses such as the school guidance counselor, the victim’s school friends, and the mother and brother of Petitioner’s alibi witness. Petitioner claims that he was prejudiced by trial counsel not interviewing these witnesses. However, none of these witnesses were presented at the post-conviction hearing to state what they would have testified to had the y been c alled at trial. There is no evidence that these witnesses’ purported testimony would have in any way helped Petitioner’s case. In its Order dismissing Petitioner’s petition, the trial court stated the following: What the petitioner means is that trial couns el failed to produce alibi witness es. At the trial, one alibi w itness testified. The petitioner now insists that the alibi witness’ mother and perhaps his brother could have corroborated the alibi. These witnesses did not testif y at the po st- conviction hearing, and it would be conjecture to conclude that their testimony would have been of benefit to the petitioner. W e agree with the trial court’s findings. Petitioner cannot expec t this Cou rt to speculate on the question of whethe r further inve stigation o f a witness or failure to call a witne ss wo uld have pro duced evidenc e favorab le to this cas e. See Black, 794 S.W.2d at 757. Petitioner is not entitled to relief from h is conviction unless he can produce material witness who would have te stified fa vorab ly in sup port of h is defens e. See id. at 758. In conclus ion, the evid ence c ontaine d in the record doe s not pre ponde rate against the trial court’s finding that Petitioner received the effective assistance of couns el. -5- Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed. ____________________________________ THOMAS T. W OODALL, Judge CONCUR: ___________________________________ GARY R. WA DE, Presiding Judge ___________________________________ JOHN EVERET T WILLIAMS, Judge -6-