State v. Timmy Beavers

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE AT NASHVILLE FILED AUGUST SESSION, 1998 September 23, 1998 Cecil W. Crowson Appellate Court Clerk STATE OF TENNESSEE, ) C.C.A. NO. 01C01-9709-CC-00394 ) Appellee, ) ) LINCOLN COUNTY V. ) ) ) HON. CHARLES LEE, JUDGE TIMM Y BE AVER S, ) ) Appe llant. ) (FIRST DEGREE MURDER) FOR THE APPELLANT: FOR THE APPELLEE: CURTIS H. GANN JOHN KNOX WALKUP District Public Defe nder Attorney General & Reporter DONNA L. HARGROVE ELIZABETH B. MARNEY Assistant Public Defender Assistant Attorney General 2nd Floor, Cordell Hull Building JOHN H. DICKEY 425 Fifth Avenue North Assistant Public Defender Nashville, TN 37243 MICHAEL D. RANDLES WILLIAM MICHAEL McCOWN Assistant Public Defender District Attorney General P.O. Box 1119 Fayetteville, TN 37334 WEAKLEY E. BARNARD Assistant District Attorney General GERALD L. GULLEY, JR. Marshall County Courthouse, Room 407 P.O. Box 1708 Lewisburg, TN 37091 Knoxville, TN 37901-1708 (ON APPEAL ONLY) OPINION FILED ________________________ AFFIRMED; APPEAL DISMISSED THOMAS T. WOODALL, JUDGE OPINION This appeal by Defendant Timmy Beavers attempts to present a certified question of law pursuant to Rule 3(b ) of the Te nness ee Ru les of Ap pellate Procedu re and Rule 37(b)(2) of the Tennessee Rules of Criminal Procedure. The certified question Defendant attempts to present to this Court involves the trial court’s denial of a motion to suppress certain evidence obtained from Defendant. Because we co nclud e that th is ma tter is no t prope rly before us, the judgment below is affirmed and the appea l is dismiss ed. On October 2, 1995, a search warrant was issued and samples of Def enda nt’s hair, saliva, and blood were obtained. On September 17, 1996, Defendant was indicted on one count of premeditated first degree murder. Defendant filed a motion to suppress the DNA samples, and following a hearing, the trial court ordered the evidence to be suppressed. On April 22, 1997, the State filed a second motion to obtain hair, saliva, and blood samples from Defendant. The trial court granted the State ’s motion and issued an order and second search warrant to obtain the samples from Defendant. On May 23, 199 7, a superseding indictment was issued, charging Defendant with one count of premeditated murder and one count of murder committed during a n attem pted rap e. The initial indictment was dismissed. On June 30, 1997, Defendant filed a second motion to suppress the seized samples of hair, saliva, blood, and some clothing. The trial court denied this motion on September 16, 1997. A judgment was entered on July 29, 1997, on Defen dant’s “be st-interest” guilty plea to second degree murder with an agreed sentence of thirty (30) years. The judgment form reflects that Defendant reserved the right to appeal the trial -2- court’s “ruling on motion to suppress.” Defendant filed his notice of appeal on Augu st 29, 199 7. Rule 37(b)(2)(I) of the Tennessee Ru les of C rimina l Proce dure p rovide s in pertinent part as follows: (b) An appeal lies from any order or judgment in a criminal proceeding where the law provides for such appeal, and from any judgment of conviction: (2) upon a plea of guilty or nolo contendere if: (I) defendant entered into a plea agreement under Ru le 11(e) but explicitly reserv ed with the conse nt of the State and of the c ourt the righ t to appeal a certified question of law that is dispositive of the case. Our supreme court has also prescribed guidelines that mus t be ad hered to in order to perfect a n appe al by Rule 37(b)(2)(I). In State v. Preston, 759 S.W.2d 647 (Tenn. 1988 ), and a gain in State v. Pendergrass, 937 S.W .2d 834 (Te nn. 1996), the court he ld: This is an approp riate time for this Court to make explicit to the bench and bar exactly what the appellate courts will hereafter require as prerequisites to the consideration of the merits of a question of law certified pursuant to Tenn. R. Crim . P. 37(b)( 2)(I) or (iv). Regardless of what has appeared in prio r petitions, orders, colloquy in open court or otherwise, the final order or judgment from which the time begins to run to p ursue a T.R.A.P . 3 appeal must contain a statement of the dispo sitive certified quest ion of law reserved by defendant for appellate review and the question of law must be stated so as to clearly identify the scope and the limits of the legal issue reserved. For example, where questions of law invo lve the validity of searches and the admiss ibility of statemen ts and co nfessio ns, etc., the reasons relied upo n by defendant in the trial court at the suppression hearing must be identified in the statement of the certified question of law and review by the appellate courts will be limited to those passed upon by the trial judge and stated in the certified question, absent a constitutional requirement otherwise. Without an explicit stateme nt of the certified question, -3- neither the defendant, the State nor the trial judge can make a me aningful determination of whether the issue sought to be re viewe d is dispositive of the case. Most of the reported and unreported cases seeking the limited appellate review pursua nt to Tenn. R . Crim. P. 37 ha ve been dismissed because the certified question was not dispositive. Also, the order must state that the certified question was exp ressly rese rved as p art of a plea agreem ent, that the S tate and the trial judge conse nted to the reservation and that the State and the trial judge are of the opinion that the question is dispositive of the case. Of course, the burden is on defendant to see that these prerequisites are in the final order and that the re cord brought to the appellate courts contains all of the proceedings below that bear upon whether the certified question of law is disp ositive and th e merits of the question certified. No issue beyond the scope of the certified question will be con sidered . Pendergrass, 937 S.W.2d at 836-37 (citing Preston, 759 S .W .2d at 6 50) (em phas is added). The Defendant bears the burden of "reserving, articulating, and identifying the issue ." Pendergrass, 937 S.W .2d at 838 . In the present case, it is clear from the record that Defendant, with the agreement of the State and the trial court, attempted to reserve a certified question regarding the trial court’s denial of Defendant’s motion to suppress the DNA evidence sam ples. It is e qually clear, how ever, that Preston, Pendergrass, and R ule 37 of the Tennessee Rules of Criminal Procedure have not been followed. The judgment in this cas e indic ates o nly that “D efend ant res erves right to a ppea l court’s ruling on m otion to supp ress.” T herefo re, the c ertified q uestio n is not stated so as to clearly id entify the scop e and the lim it of the legal issue reserved. The reasons relied upon by Defendant in the trial court at th e suppression hearing are not identified in the statement of the certified question of law. Given the clear, manda tory language of Preston and Pendergrass, we must conclude that this appeal is not -4- properly before u s. Accordingly, the jud gme nt belo w is affirm ed an d the a ppea l is dismissed. ____________________________________ THOMAS T. W OODALL, Judge CONCUR: ___________________________________ JOHN H. PEAY, Judge ___________________________________ L.T. LAFFERTY, Special Judge -5-