State v. Gann

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE AT KNOXVILLE FILED FEBRUARY 1998 SESSION June 25, 1998 Cecil Crowson, Jr. Appellate C ourt Clerk JAMES RUSSELL GANN, ) ) No. 03C01-9707-CR-00274 Appe llant, ) ) Morga n Cou nty vs. ) ) Honorable E. Eugene Eblen, Judge STATE OF TENNESSEE, ) ) (Habeas Corpus) Appellee. ) FOR THE APPELLANT: FOR THE APPELLEE: PRO SE JOHN KNOX WALKUP Attorney General & Reporter TIMOTHY E. BEHAN Assistant Attorney General Cordell Hull Bldg., Second Floor 425 Fifth Avenu e, North Nashville, TN 37243-0493 CHARLES E. HAWK, JR. District Attorney General FRANK HARVEY Assistant District Attorney P. O. BOX 703 KINGSTON, tn 37763 OPINION FILED:____________________ AFFIRMED WILLIAM B. ACREE, JR. SPECIAL JUDGE OPINION The appe llant, Ja mes Russ ell Gan n, app eals a s of righ t the trial c ourt’s dismiss al of his pe tition for a writ of h abeas corpus . We affirm the tria l court. In 1985, the appellant was convicted of aggravated rape and aggravated sexual battery. The controlling sentence was 99 years and one day. The convictions were upheld on direct appeal. See State v. Gann, 733 S.W.2d 113, (Tenn.Crim.App. 1987). The appellant then filed a petition for post-conviction relief which was denied. That decision was upheld in State v. Gann, (Tenn.C rim.App. 198 8, LEXIS 7 14). The first issue presented for review is that the indictments did not allege a culpa ble m ental s tate an d are th erefor e invalid . The a ppella nt relies upon this Court’s decision in State v. Rog er Da le Hill, (No. 01C01-9508-CC-00267 (Tenn.C rim.App.), filed June 20, 1996, at N ashville). The appellant’s reliance upon this case is misplaced. This decision was reversed by the Su preme Court at State v. Hill, 954 S.W .2d 725 (Te nn. 1997). 1 1 Before the Supreme Court’s reversal of Hill, this issue was addressed by this Court several times. See Hatton v. State, (No. 02C01-9611-CC-00407, Tenn.Crim.App., filed February 19, 1997, at Jackson; Smith v. Compton (No. 02C01- 9701-CC-00018, Tenn.Crim.App., filed April 3, 1997, at Jackson; Gooch v. Compton (No. 02C01-9612-CC-00465, Tenn.Crim.App., filed March 13, 1997, at Jackson; Smith v. Hessing, (No. 02C01-9708-CC-00311, filed December 11, 1997, at Jackson; Nowell v. Compton (No. 02C01-9612-CC-00464, Tenn.Crim.App., filed April 9, 1997, at Jackson. In these cases, we held that the petitioners could not rely upon Hill because (1) the sufficiency of an indictment cannot be tested in a habeas corpus proceeding, (2) Hill applies to crimes committed after the 1989 amendments to the criminal code, and (3) if Hill did apply, the indictments in these cases were sufficient under the law existing at the time. The facts in Nowell v. Compton are identical to the facts herein. We held: “The indictments at issue before us charged that the petitioner "did unlawfully and feloniously sexually penetrate [the victim, a person] less than thirteen (13) years of age" and "did unlawfully and feloniously have sexual contact with [the victims, persons] less than thirteen (13) years of age." This language was sufficient under the law as it existed at the time. As noted above, the Criminal Code did not contain a provision similar to § 39-11-301 (c) (1989). The statutory requirements for an indictment were found in § 40-1802 (now § 40-13-202 (1990)), which provided simply that: The indictment must state the facts constituting the offense in ordinary and concise language, without prolixity or repetition, in such a manner as to enable a person of common understanding to know what is intended, and with that degree of certainty which will enable the court, on conviction, to pronounce the proper judgment. Furthermore, in Campbell v. State, 491 S.W.2d 359, 361 (Tenn. 1973) (emphasis supplied), while addressing the sufficiency of an indictment charging the offense of murder, our Supreme Court stated the following: While it seems clear that the indictment in Witt was insufficient in that it failed to The appellant also contends that he is entitled to relief because (1) the trial court e rred in d ismiss ing his petition withou t a hea ring; (2) the trial c ourt er red in failing to appoint coun sel; (3) the affidavit of comp laint and arrest wa rrant were invalid and void; and (4) the trial co urt erred in charging the jury with uncon stitutional jury in structions . The law controlling these issues is well established in Tennessee. “The reme dy of ha beas corpu s is limite d to ca ses w here th e judg men t is void or the term o f imprisonm ent has expired .” Passa rella v. State , 891 S.W.2d 619, 62 6 (Ten n.Crim .App. 19 94). “If the issu e is an ab ridgem ent of a constitutional right, then the remedy is throu gh the Pos t-Conviction Re lief Act.” Lewis v. M etro Ge n. Sess ions Ct., 949 S.W .2d 696, 699 (Tenn.C rim.App. 199 6). “If the petition does not allege facts which would establish relief, then an evidentiary hearing is not necessa ry.” Pass arella, 891 S.W .2d, at 627 , Russell v. W illis, 427 S.W.2d 529, 531 (Tenn. 1969). ”It is elementary that a habeas corpus petition may be dismissed without a hearing, and without the appointment of counsel for a hearing, unless it alleges facts showing the denial of state or federal constitutional rights or so me fatal jurisdictional fault.” State v. Henderson, 421 S.W.2d 635, 636-37 (Tenn. 1967). “If the affidavit of complaint and arrest warrant were invalid and void that would not prevent a valid judgment of conviction from being obtained.” See State v. Compton, (No. 02C01-9602-CC-0043, (Tenn.Crim.App., filed August 2, 1996, at Jackson). ”The only method of collaterally attacking a judgment because of constitutional deprivations occasione d by erroneo us instructions is by pe tition for post-conviction relief.” Turne r v. State, (No. 01C01-9608-CC-00365 (Tenn.Crim.App., filed September 30, 1997, at N ashville). There are no facts or allegations in the appellant’s petition which if true charge an element, that the murder was committed unlawfully, in either the language of the statute or common law or words of equivalent import, the decision is confusing because of the language, 'fatally defective in omitting the charge that the offense was committed feloniously, or with malice aforethought; and containing no words of equivalent import.' It is clear, however, that had the indictment used the words 'feloniously' or 'unlawfully', it would have been sufficient. We agree with this proposition. By containing the words found in the language of the statute, the indictments at issue here sufficiently apprised the appellant of the offense charged under the law at the time, and is therefore valid. Thus, the petitioner's attack must fail.” would estab lish tha t the jud gme nts are void or th at the a ppella nt has served his sentence. The dismissal of the petition for writ of habeas corpus is affirmed. ___________________________________ WILLIAM B. ACREE, JR., SPECIAL JUDGE CONCUR: ___________________________________ JERRY L. SMITH, JUDGE ____________________________________ THOMAS T. WOODALL, JUDGE