State v. Dewayne Moore

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE AT JACKSON OCTOBER 1997 SESSION FILED January 26, 1998 Cecil Crowson, Jr. Appellate C ourt Clerk STATE OF TENNESSEE, ) ) C.C.A. NO. 02C01-9705-CC-00167 Appellan t, ) ) MADISON COUNTY VS. ) ) HON. WHIT LAFON, DEWAYNE MOORE, ) JUDGE ) Appellee. ) (Interlocutory ap peal: motion to suppress) FOR THE APPELLANT: FOR THE APPELLEE: JOHN KNOX WALKUP JAMES D. GASS Attorney General & Reporter P.O. Box 7624 Jackson, TN 38308 KENNETH W. RUCKER Asst. Attorney General Cordell H ull Bldg., 2n d Fl. 425 5th Ave. N. Nashville, TN 37243-0493 JERRY WOODALL District Attorney General AL EARLS SHAUN A. BROWN Asst. District Attorneys General Lowell Thomas State Office Bldg. Jackson, TN 38301 OPINION FILED:____________________ AFFIRMED JOHN H. PEAY, Judge OPINION The defendant was indicted for two weapons violations, possession of drug paraphernalia, and driving without a license. He filed a motion to suppress as evidence “all drugs and drug paraphernalia, and firearms, which were taken from the vehicle [he] was driving at the time of h is arrest.” A fter a hear ing, t he co urt below gran ted th e def endant's motion. The State filed this interloc utory appeal, co ntesting the trial court's ruling. We affirm. Belinda Colema n, a patrol of ficer with th e Jackson Police Departm ent, testified that, at approximately 11:00 p.m. on May 31, 1996, she had been in a residential neighborhood taking a missing person report. While she was taking the report, she saw the vehicle which the defendant was driving “traveling very, very slowly, five to ten miles an hour through the neighb orhood. . . . Approx imately five to ten minutes late r the vehicle circle[d] again.” At this time, she testified, one of the people who lived in the neighborhood had “advised [her] that the vehicle had been circling the neighborhood for quite some time.” Wh en she finished taking h er report, she followed the vehicle in her police car. She testified that it had had four people in it, and that as she had followed it, “It made evasive actions and kept turning down different roads, taking side streets, back roads, in an attem pt to sha ke me .” 1 She further testified that she had been given a description the 1 Officer Coleman's description of the defendant's intention in making these turns is unsupported by any independent proof. In other words, her description of the defendant's driving as “evasive” and done “in an attempt to shake me” was based, as far as we can tell from the record, solely on the fact that the defendant had made several turns. She did not testify that he had sped up or made the turns with any particular alacrity. The mere making of m ultiple turns in a ne ighborho od is not ind icative of crimin al activity, even wh ile being follow ed by a police car . Cf. State v. Scar lett, 880 S.W.2d 707 , 708 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1993) (where this Court, in reversing the trial court's grant of the defendant's motion to suppress, relied in part on proof that, when the police officer followed the defendant's car, he made “several quick, hard-angled turns.”) 2 night before “of a small red vehicle which was occupied by four black males that had been involved in several auto burglaries2 the night before.” After following it for some unspecified distance, Officer Coleman stopped the vehicle. She initially testified that the defendant had not been the driver. However, after reviewing her report, she acknowledged on cross-examination that the defendant had been the driv er. She also testified on cross-examination that, “The burglaries had occurred over in the Daughtery Street area.” Shortly after this testimony, the trial court interrupted the defendant's cross-examination and asked the State if it had any further proof. The State responded that its only remaining testimony would come from the police officer who had found the weapons after the stop. At that point, the court below held “the search was b ad.” No findings of fact were set forth on the record. We first note that “s topping an automob ile and detain ing its occup ants constitute a