IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE FILED
SEPTEMBE R SESSION, 1997 December 10, 1997
Cecil W. Crowson
Appellate Court Clerk
STATE OF TENNESSEE, ) C.C.A. NO. 01C01-9609-CR-00395
)
Appellee, )
) ROBERTSON COUNTY
)
V. )
) HON. ROBERT W. WEDEMYER, JUDGE
BILLY KEMP RIPPY, )
)
Appe llant. ) (AGGRAVATED ROBBERY)
FOR THE APPELLANT: FOR THE APPELLEE:
MICHAEL R. JONES JOHN KNOX WALKUP
District Public Defender Attorney General & Reporter
FRED W. LOVE LISA A. NAYLOR
Assistant Public Defender Assistant Attorney General
109 South Second Street 2nd Floor, Cordell Hull Building
Clarksville, TN 37040 425 Fifth Avenue North
Nashville, TN 37243
JOHN WESLEY CARNEY, JR.
District Attorney General
DENT MORRISS
Assistant District Attorney General
500 South Main
Springfield, TN 37172
OPINION FILED ________________________
AFFIRMED
THOMAS T. WOODALL, JUDGE
OPINION
The Defendant, Billy Kemp Rippy, appeals as of right following a jury trial
in the Circuit Cou rt of Robertson County where he was convicted of aggravated
robbery. The trial court sentenced Defendant to thirteen (13) years as a Range
II, Multiple Offender. The Defendant raises two issues on appeal: (1) the
evidence was insu fficient to sustain a verdict of gu ilty beyond a reaso nable d oubt;
and (2) the trial court erred in sentencing him to thirteen (13) years for
aggrava ted robb ery. W e affirm the judgm ent of the tria l court.
The victim, James Roy Wilson, resided at 111 Blair Street in Springfield,
Tennessee. At the time of trial, he was 61 -years-old and ha d been confined to
a whee lchair fo r appro ximate ly two and one-half years because of a broken hip.
The victim receives a disability check once per month in the amount of $270-275.
He testified that he suffers from depression and does have a drinking problem.
At trial he said that he had known the Defendant for more than 20 years and that
they were drinking b uddies . The Defendant had been staying with Mr. Wilson for
two to thre e week s prior to M ay 1994 , but did no t pay rent to stay there .
On the night of the offense, the Defendant and the victim had been drinking
together. Mr. Wilson testified that he drank one quart of beer and gave one quart
to the Defendant, which was th e only alcohol he saw the Defendant consume that
evening. The victim had appro ximate ly $270 in cash in his possession because
his brother-in-law had cashed his disability check for him and delivered the cash
earlier that evening. The Defendant was present when Wilson’s brother-in-law
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brought the money. Mr. Wilson testified that the Def enda nt yelled , “[y]ou c an’t
hide that mo ney from me,” and began waving a four-inch knife in his face. Wilson
said that the Defe ndan t hit him in the fa ce thre e or fou r times and s plit his lip.
The victim said that he was afraid of the Defenda nt so he gave him the m oney.
The victim testified at trial that the Defendant also hit him in the legs with a
base ball bat and slamm ed his he ad into the wall. There was some conflict in the
testimony as to whether or not the victim initially told Detective Jeff White of the
Springfield Police Department about these latter two acts.
The victim testified that the Defen dant the n said, “[y]ou won’t call no body,”
and he stomped on the telephone and cut the telephone cord with his knife. The
Defendant said he w ould kill W ilson if he told anyone . Mr. W ilson testified that
he knocked on his neighbor’s door in the duplex, but that no one answered.
Because of his physical disability and because his telephone was not operable,
the victim w as un able to attempt to get further help that night. The next morning,
Mr. Wilso n saw h is acqua intance M arvin Bus h walk by and he called ou t to him
for help. After briefly speaking with the victim, Bush went to a neighbor and
immediately called the police.
Detective White arrived at 111 Blair Street at approximately 8:00 a.m. after
receiving the phone call from Bush . He tes tified tha t W ilson’s h air was messed
up and that he saw some dried blood on the right side of his mouth. He said that
W ilson’s face appeared to be red on the right side as well. Detective W hite
noticed that some numbers were broken out of the telephone and that the
telephone cord ha d been cut with a sharp object. T he victim to ld Detec tive W hite
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that he thought these events took place around 3:00 a.m., but he testified at trial
that they too k place b etween 9:00 p.m . and m idnight.
Dete ctive White obtained a warrant for the arrest of the Defendant. The
Defendant was questioned on May 17, 1994, and gave a statement to police
saying he was “on a lot of cocaine” the night in question and that he just could not
remem ber wha t happe ned tha t night.
Marvin Bush testified for the defense, and stated that he had known the
victim for practically his whole life. He often purchased liquor for Mr. Wilson even
though he himself had quit drinking about six (6) months before trial. He stated
that he had n ever kn own th e victim and the Defendant to have had any problems
with each other in the past. Bush testified that on the morning Wilson called out
to him for help, that Wilson said the Defendant and another man had been in a
fight at his house. Mr. B ush also testified that W ilson told him later that the
Defendant did not in fact rob him. However, Bush said that he thought the victim
was intoxicated when he said this. Wilson denied ever ma king that s tateme nt to
Bush. Mr. Bu sh sa id that th e victim is a truthful person and a “man of his word”
unless he is drunk. Bush admitted that Wilson was very vulnerable to be ing
robbed or attacked because of his physical condition.
The Defe ndan t testified in his own behalf. He stated that he and the victim
had been drinking buddies for fifteen (15) to twenty (20) years. The Defendant
said that the evening prior to the alleged robbery, he and another man had been
in a fight at Wilson’s house. He claimed they fell over the c offee table and on to
Wilson, and that the othe r man was bleeding when he left. He testified that on
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the night of the robbery he was on cocaine and alcohol. He told the police, “I just
don’t think I could have done anything like this to him.” At trial he testified that he
has no memory at all of what happened on the night of the offense.
I. SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE
When an accused challenges the sufficiency of the convicting evidence,
the standard is whe ther, aft er revie wing th e evide nce in the ligh t mos t favora ble
to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential
eleme nts of the crim e beyon d a reas onable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia , 443 U.S.
307, 319 (1979 ). This standard is applicable to findings of guilt predicated upon
direct eviden ce, circ ums tantial evidence or a combination of direct and
circumstantial evidenc e. State v. Matthews, 805 S.W.2d 776, 779 (Tenn. Crim.
App. 1990). On appeal, the State is entitled to the strongest legitimate view of
the evidence and all inferences therefrom. State v. Cabbage, 571 S.W.2d 832,
835 (Tenn. 197 8). Because a verdict of guilt removes the presumption of
innocence and rep laces it with a presumption of guilt, the accused has the
burden in this court of illustrating why the evidence is insufficient to support the
verdict returned by the trier of fact. State v. Tug gle, 639 S.W.2d 913, 914 (Tenn.
1982); State v. Grace, 493 S.W .2d 474, 476 (Tenn. 197 3).
Questions conce rning the credibility of the witnesses, the weight and value
to be given the evidence, as well as all factual issues raised by the evidence, are
resolved by the trier of fact, n ot this cou rt. State v. Pappas, 754 S.W.2d 620, 623
(Tenn. Crim. A pp.), perm. to appeal denied, id. (Tenn. 1987). Nor may this court
reweigh or reevalua te the evide nce. Cabbage, 571 S.W .2d at 835. A jury verdict
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approve d by the trial judge accredits the State’s witnesses and resolves all
conflicts in fa vor of the S tate. Grace, 493 S.W .2d at 476 .
In order to sustain a conviction for aggra vated robbe ry, the evidence must
show that the Defe ndant intentionally or knowingly took property from Mr. Wilson
by violence or by putting him in fear, and that this taking was accom plished w ith
a deadly w eapon . See Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-13-401(a) and 39-13-402 (a)(1).
A "deadly weapon" is defined in Tennessee Code Annotated section
39-11-1 06(a)(5) as:
(A) A firearm or any thing m anifestly designed, made or adap ted
for the purpose of inflicting death or serious bodily injury; or
(B) Anything that in the manner of its use or intended use is
capab le of caus ing dea th or seriou s bodily injury ;
Mr. Wilson testified that the Defendant had been staying with him in the
weeks prior to the night in que stion. The D efendant wa s present wh en Mr.
W ilson’s brother-in-law brought him $270-275 cash from his disability check. The
Defendant told the victim, “[y]ou can’t hide that money from m e,” while waving a
four-inch knife in front of h is face. Mr. Wilson testified that the Defe ndan t hit him
in the face and chest and slammed his head against the wall. He also said that
the Defendant hit him in the legs seve ral times w ith a baseball bat. Because he
was afraid of the Defendant, Mr. Wilson gave him the money. In fact, the victim
testified he let Defendant have the money because he didn’t want Defendant
“working on me with that knife.” To prevent the victim from calling for help, the
Defendant stomped on the phone and cut the phone cords with the knife.
Detective White’s testimony supports the victim’s assertions pe rtaining to his
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physical injuries and the damaged telephone. There was sufficient evidence for
a reasonable trier of fact to find that the Defendant intentionally or knowingly took
money from the victim by violence or by pla cing th e victim in fear, a nd tha t this
act was accomplished with a deadly weapon.
The defen dant c onten ds tha t his leve l of intoxic ation n egate d his ability to
form the specific intent nec essary to com mit agg ravated ro bbery. In order for the
defendant to rely upon voluntary intoxication as a defense, "there must be
evidence that the intoxication dep rived [him] of the m ental capacity to form
spec ific intent. . . . The determinative question is not whether [he] was
intoxicated, but what wa s his me ntal capa city." Harre ll v. State, 593 S.W.2d 664,
672 (Tenn . Crim. A pp. 197 9) (citations omitted) . In this rega rd, whethe r the
defendant was too intoxicated to form the requ isite mental state wa s for the jury
to determ ine. State v. Bell, 690 S.W.2d 879, 882 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1985). The
jury in the case sub judice chose no t to believe that the Defendant was too
intoxicated to have acted “knowingly” or “intentionally.” The victim testified how
the Defendant waived the knife in his face and told the victim that he could not
hide the money. Further testimony was that the Defendant cut the telephone
cord and stomped the telephone indicating that the Defendant was cognizant that
he should take steps to be sure th e victim could not pro mptly call for assistance.
There was more than a sufficient basis for the jury to determine that Defendant
was no t too intoxica ted to hav e forme d the req uisite me ntal intent.
The Defen dant also conten ds that the testimony of Marvin B ush is more
credible than the victim’s testimony. Mr. Bush testified that Mr . W ilson to ld him
that the Defendant did not in fact rob him. Howe ver, the victim denied ever
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making tha t statement to M r. Bush. The credibility of the witnesses, the weight
to be given their testimony, and the reco nciliation of c onflicts in the evidence a re
matters entruste d exclusive ly to the jury as the triers of fact. Byrge v. S tate, 575
S.W.2d 292, 295 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1978). The jury in the instant case decided
to believe the victim’s testimony and this Cou rt will not second-guess that
determ ination.
For all the reasons d iscussed ab ove, sufficient evidence existed for the jury
to find the Defe ndan t guilty beyond a reas onable dou bt of aggravated robbery.
This issu e is withou t merit.
II. SENTENCING
In his seco nd issue , the Defe ndant argue s that th e trial co urt erre d in
sentencing him to thirteen years in the Department of Correction. It is the
respon sibility of the Defendant to have prepared a transcript of "such part of the
evidence or proceeding as is necess ary to convey a fair, accura te and co mplete
account of what transpired with respect to those issues that are the bases of
appea l." Tenn. R. App. P. 24(b). Having failed to include the transcript of the
evidence at the sen tencing h earing, the Defen dant ca nnot no w be he ard to
com plain about h is senten ce. State v. Arno ld, 719 S.W.2d 543, 546 (Tenn. Crim.
App. 1986). Wh en the record prese nted is incom plete o r inadequate, as is the
case here, we must presume the correctness of the sentence imposed by the trial
court. State v. Coolidge, 915 S .W .2d 82 0, 826 -27 (T enn. C rim. App. 1995);
Matthews, 805 S.W.2d at 784; State v. Beech, 744 S.W.2d 585, 588 (Tenn. Crim.
App. 1987 ).
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Even though the transcript of the sentencing hearing is not included in the
record, our rev iew of what is in the record adequately supports the sentence
imposed upon De fendant. Agg ravated robbe ry is a Class B felony. Tenn. Code
Ann. § 39-13-402(b). Having been sentenced as a Ran ge II Multiple Offend er,
the range for Defendant’s sentence is not less than twelve (12) years nor more
than twenty (20 ) years. T enn. C ode An n. § 40-35-112 (b)(2). The pre-sentence
report is included in the record. From that report, it is evident that Defendant has
two (2) prior convictions for third degree burglary classified as Class D felonies,
which justify the sen tence w ithin Ran ge II. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-3 5-106(a)(1).
In addition, the pre-se ntence repo rt shows that Defendant has forty-six (46) prior
convictions for public intox ication, thre e (3) prior co nvictions fo r DUI, two (2) prior
convictions for driving on a revoked license, one (1) prior conviction for driving on
a suspended license, one (1) prior conviction for assault and battery, one (1) prior
conviction for diso rderly conduct, one (1) prior conviction for resisting arrest, two
(2) prior co nvictions fo r failure to ap pear, an d one (1 ) prior con viction for pe tit
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larceny. There is m ore than am ple evidence to justify enhanc eme nt of this
Rang e II senten ce to thirtee n (13) yea rs. Tenn . Code Ann. § 4 0-35-11 4(1).
This issu e is withou t merit.
We affirm the ju dgme nt of the trial co urt.
____________________________________
THOMAS T. W OODALL, Judge
CONCUR:
___________________________________
GARY R. WA DE, Judge
___________________________________
J. CURWO OD W ITT, JR., Judge
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State v. Billy Rippy
Combined Opinion