Leland Robert HARRIS, Employee,
v.
ASHEVILLE CONTRACTING COMPANY, Employer; Travelers Insurance Company, Carrier.
No. 106.
Supreme Court of North Carolina.
October 13, 1954.*803 Bill Atkins and Charles Hutchins, Burnsville, for plaintiff.
Uzzell & Dumont, Asheville, for defendants.
DENNY, Justice.
The defendants challenge the correctness of the ruling of the lower court in overruling their exception to the Commission's finding of fact that the plaintiff had suffered injuries to his back from an accident *804 which arose out of and in the course of his employment.
The exception is without merit. The finding is supported by competent evidence. Moreover, the physician who was a witness for the defendants and who had examined the plaintiff and made a medical report on his condition to the Commission, testified that the plaintiff had fifteen per cent permanent disability of a general nature resulting from the injury to his back.
The defendants also except to and assign as error the overruling of their exception to the finding of fact by the Commission that the plaintiff's average weekly wage was $53.12.
It is true, according to the record, the plaintiff had worked less than forty hours for the defendant employer at the time of his injury. Nevertheless, the plaintiff testified that he had worked for contractors driving a truck, operating, a caterpillar tractor, or shovel, prior to accepting the job with the defendant employer, and had received $1.25 per hour for eight hours per day and time and a half for overtime; that he was employed by the defendant employer to work ten hours a day for five and one-half days per week at 85¢ per hour and time and a half for all over forty hours. That he was promised $1.10 an hour when he became an operator (presumably of a truck, tractor or steam shovel). Furthermore, the defendant employer in making its report of the accident to the Commission, certified that the plaintiff's wages were 85¢ an hour, $8.50 a day; that the number of days worked per week were five and one-half; and that his average weekly wages, including overtime, were $53.12. This report was introduced in evidence without objection.
While we have held that reporting an accident to the Industrial Commission, as required by law, does not constitute a claim for compensation, Whitted v. Palmer-Bee Co., 228 N.C. 447, 46 S.E.2d 109, we know of no reason why the information contained in such report, with respect to wages paid by the employer, should not be admitted as evidence when a claim for compensation is filed and a hearing is held pursuant thereto.
It is provided in G.S. § 97-2(e): "Where the employment prior to the injury extended over a period of less than fifty-two weeks, the method of dividing the earnings during that period by the number of weeks and parts thereof during which the employee earned wages shall be followed; provided, results fair and just to both parties will be thereby obtained. Where, by reason of a shortness of time during which the employee has been in the employment of his employer or the casual nature or terms of his employment, it is impractical to compute the average weekly wages as above defined, regard shall be had to the average weekly amount which during the fifty-two weeks previous to the injury was being earned by a person of the same grade and character employed in the same class of employment in the same locality or community. But where for exceptional reasons the foregoing would be unfair, either to the employer or employee, such other method of computing average weekly wages may be resorted to as will most nearly approximate the amount which the injured employee would be earning were it not for the injury."
The defendants, in the hearing before the hearing commissioner, did not challenge the accuracy of the plaintiff's evidence with respect to his wages, or the correctness of the defendant employer's report as to his average weekly wages. Neither is there any suggestion that the employment of the plaintiff was of a casual nature. However, they contend the Commission did not take into consideration the average weekly amount which, during the fifty-two weeks previous to the injury, was being earned by a person of the grade and character, employed in the same class of employment, in the same locality or community. We think the contention is without merit. The defendants offered no evidence bearing on the wages of the plaintiff *805 at the time of his injury, or as to what others had earned during the fifty-two weeks previous to plaintiff's injury who were engaged in similar employment in that community. Therefore, it would seem that the contract existing between the parties with respect to plaintiff's compensation, at the time of his injury, would most nearly approximate the amount which he would be earning had he not been injured. G.S. § 97-2(e). There is nothing in the record to indicate that the finding of the Commission, with respect to the wages of the plaintiff, is not fair and just to both parties. The exception is overruled.
The defendants' exceptions Nos. 22 and 24, upon which they base their assignments of error so numbered, are (1) to the striking out of the award that portion which provided for the retention of jurisdiction of the cause for three hundred weeks; and (2) that the modification of the award should not prejudice the plaintiff or the defendants with respect to their rights under G.S. § 97-47.
The modification of the award made by the court below was proper. The Industrial Commission is without jurisdiction to retain this cause for three hundred weeks. In the case of Branham v. Denny Roll & Panel Co., 223 N.C. 233, 25 S.E.2d 865, 868, the employer retained the injured employee and gave him light work and paid him the same wages he had earned previous to his injury. No such arrangement exists in the present case.
In the Branham case, this Court, speaking through Barnhill, J., now Chief Justice, in approving the retention of jurisdiction by the Commission for three hundred weeks, gave the reason therefor in the following language: "To protect the employee against the possibility that the employer might, after the expiration of 12 months, sec. 24 (now codified as G.S. § 97-24), discontinue the employment and thus defeat the rights of the employee * * *." Dail v. Kellex Corp., 233 N.C. 446, 64 S.E. 2d 438.
The parties to this appeal are expressly authorized by statute, G.S. § 97-47, to apply to the Commission to review the award made in this proceeding, if there is a change in the condition of the plaintiff; provided, the request for such review is made within the time prescribed by the statute. Murray v. Ncbel Knitting Co., 214 N.C. 437, 199 S.E. 609; Knight v. Ford Body Co., 214 N.C. 7, 197 S.E. 563; Smith v. Swift & Co., 212 N.C. 608, 194 S.E. 106.
We have carefully examined the remaining exceptions and assignments of error of the defendants and no prejudicial error is made to appear.
Plaintiff's Appeal
Plaintiff's assignment of error No. 1 is based on an exception to the modification of the award. We have discussed and disposed of that question on the defendants' appeal.
Plaintiff also assigns as error in that "the trial court undertook to, in his judgment, materially to change the findings of fact, award and opinion of the North Carolina Industrial Commission without authority of law."
The trial judge affirmed each and every finding of fact and conclusion of law to which the defendants entered an exception on their appeal to the Superior Court. He likewise affirmed the award made by the Commission in every respect except as to the retention of jurisdiction for three hundred weeks. He found no facts, neither did he undertake to alter or modify any of the Commission's findings. He simply corrected an erroneous conclusion of law that appeared on the face of the record and which neither the plaintiff nor the defendants had challenged. This assignment of error is overruled.
The judgment of the court below as to both appeals will be upheld.
On defendants' appealaffirmed.
On plaintiff's appealaffirmed.