B.J. HOWSER, Appellant,
v.
BEN DIERKS LUMBER CO., INC., a Corporation, Respondent.
Supreme Court of Oregon.
Argued and Submitted October 8, 1974. Decided December 12, 1974.William A. Mansfield, Medford, argued the cause and filed a brief for appellant.
Donald F. Myrick, Grants Pass, argued the cause for respondent. On the brief were Myrick, Coulter, Seagraves & Nealy, Grants Pass.
Before O'CONNELL, C.J., and McALLISTER, HOLMAN, TONGUE, and HOWELL, JJ., and SLOPER and LEAVY, JJ. Pro Tem.
McALLISTER, Justice.
The trial court dismissed this action for lack of prosecution. Plaintiff appeals we affirm.
On May 22, 1969, the plaintiff filed this action in Josephine County for damages sustained because defendant breached a contract with plaintiff. The plaintiff alleged that he agreed to sell to defendant the timber standing on certain land in Del Norte County, California. Plaintiff further alleged that to facilitate the removal of the timber he deeded the property to defendant on condition that defendant, after removing the timber, would reconvey the property to plaintiff. The defendant did not reconvey the property after removing the timber and plaintiff brought this action praying for damages in the sum of $16,000 and attorney fees.
On February 11, 1974 the court dismissed the action for want of prosecution.
The chronological history of the case is as follows:
22 May 1969 Complaint filed
2 June 1969 Motion to make complaint more definite and certain and to strike
16 June 1969 Memorandum in opposition to motions
16 June 1969 Order on motion allowed in part. Plaintiff given 10 days within which to further plead
29 Sept 1969 First amended complaint filed
21 Nov 1969 Motion to strike portions of plaintiff's amended complaint
2 Dec 1969 Memorandum in opposition to motion
3 Dec 1969 Motion, per ORS 9.340, for an order requiring plaintiff's counsel to prove their authority to act as plaintiff's counsel
*1342 10 Dec 1969 Order granting motion under ORS 9.340
11 Mar 1970 Notice advising defendant's counsel that counsel for plaintiff intended to request that he be relieved as plaintiff's counsel on March 16, 1970
16 Mar 1970 Plaintiff, in propria persona, files motion for additional time (90 days)
16 Mar 1970 Order permitting withdrawal of plaintiff's attorneys
6 July 1970 Plaintiff's motion for an order extending time from July 1, 1970 to October 1, 1970 in order to file substitution of attorneys and obtain different legal counsel
6 July 1970 Order allowing plaintiff's motion for an extension of time from July 1, 1970 until October 1, 1970
7 July 1970 Plaintiff's affidavit for an extension of time from July 1, 1970 to October 1, 1970
4 Oct 1971 Order denying defendant's motion to strike plaintiff's amended complaint
4 Oct 1971 Plaintiff's substitution of attorneys
28 Aug 1972 Motion for leave to withdraw as plaintiff's attorney
28 Aug 1972 Order permitting withdrawal of attorneys and order substituting plaintiff as attorney pro se
29 Sept 1972 Plaintiff, in propria persona, moves court for an order extending time from Sept. 30, 1972 to Sept. 30, 1973 due to illness and attempt to reach a settlement
9 Oct 1972 Plaintiff, in propria persona, moves court for an order extending time from Sept. 30, 1972 to Dec. 30, 1972
9 Oct 1972 Order denying plaintiff's motion
12 Oct 1972 Demurrer to amended complaint
20 Oct 1972 Opposition to demurrer with memorandum of points and authorities
24 Oct 1972 Application for entry of default judgment against defendant
1 Dec 1972 Motion to disqualify circuit judge (filed by plaintiff's attorney)
4 Dec 1972 Order sustaining demurrer. Plaintiff granted 10 days within which to further plead
12 Dec 1972 Plaintiff's motion for leave to withdraw as his own attorney
13 Dec 1972 Order permitting withdrawal of attorney
17 Jan 1974 Notice of dismissal advising parties that cause would be dismissed within 30 days on court's own motion for want of prosecution "unless a good and sufficient showing of record is made to the Court for continuing it upon the docket."
31 Jan 1974 Plaintiff's substitution of attorneys
31 Jan 1974 Second amended complaint filed
1 Feb 1974 Motion of defendant and memorandum filed
7 Feb 1974 Motion to continue action upon the docket
11 Feb 1974 Order of dismissal
20 Feb 1974 Notice of appeal
The sole issue is whether the trial court abused its discretion in dismissing plaintiff's action for lack of prosecution.
ORS 18.260[1] is an expression of the public policy that suits and actions which *1343 are not prosecuted with reasonable diligence should be dismissed. Pemberton v. Pemberton, 230 Or. 190, 193, 369 P.2d 276 (1962) and cases cited therein.
In addition to the power vested in it by statute a trial court has inherent power to dismiss an action for want of prosecution. Lee v. Brown, 264 Or. 341, 505 P.2d 924 (1973); Downey v. Long, 258 Or. 197, 482 P.2d 162 (1971); Pemberton v. Pemberton, supra; Horn v. Calif.-Ore. Power Co. et al., 221 Or. 328, 351 P.2d 80 (1960); Longyear, Admx. v. Edwards, 217 Or. 314, 342 P.2d 762 (1959); Smith v. DeKraay, 217 Or. 436, 342 P.2d 784 (1959); Hyde et ux. v. Velvin, 212 Or. 73, 318 P.2d 269 (1957); City of Reedsport v. Hubbard et ux., 202 Or. 370, 274 P.2d 248 (1954); Bock v. Portland Gas and Coke Co., 202 Or. 609, 277 P.2d 758 (1954); Kaufman v. Oregonian Pub. Co., 195 Or. 164, 245 P.2d 237 (1952); Reed v. First Nat. Bank of Gardiner, 194 Or. 45, 241 P.2d 109 (1952); 24 Am.Jur.2d 49, Dismissal, Discontinuance, and Nonsuit § 59; 27 C.J.S. Dismissal & Nonsuit § 65(1)b, p. 430.
The dismissal of an action by the trial court for want of diligent prosecution will be reversed only if the court has abused its discretion. Reed v. First Nat. Bank of Gardiner, supra, 194 Or. at 57, 241 P.2d 109; Bock v. Portland Gas and Coke Co., supra, 202 Or. at 616, 277 P.2d 758; Horn v. Calif.-Ore. Power Co. et al., supra, 221 Or. at 338, 351 P.2d 80.
An analysis of the chronological history of this case will disclose that there is no evidence of delay on the part of defendant. Plaintiff himself was grossly dilatory. Over a period of almost five years between the filing of the action and its dismissal, plaintiff, on a number of occasions failed to comply with the orders of the trial court.
On June 16, 1969 the court, in response to defendant's motion to strike and make more definite and certain, issued an order allowing defendant's motion in part and gave plaintiff ten days within which to further plead. However, plaintiff did not file his amended complaint until September 29, 1969, more than three months after the date upon which such pleadings were due.
On July 6, 1970 the court allowed plaintiff's request for a ninety day extension from July 1, 1970 to October 1, 1970. Other than filing a substitution of attorneys on October 4, 1971, plaintiff did nothing until September 29, 1972, approximately two years after his extension of time had expired, when he again sought an order extending time from September 30, 1972 to September 30, 1973. There is no order in the record responding to this motion. However, on October 9, 1972 plaintiff again moved for an order extending time from September 30, 1972 to December 30, 1972. This motion was denied.
On or about October 12, 1972 defendant filed a demurrer to plaintiff's amended complaint and on December 4, 1972 the court entered an order sustaining defendant's demurrer and again gave plaintiff ten days within which to further plead. Again, plaintiff did not comply with this order.
More than 13 months elapsed before the court on January 17, 1974 notified the parties that the cause would be dismissed within 30 days unless good cause was shown for continuing the case upon its docket. Only then did plaintiff file another motion for substitution of attorneys and a second amended complaint.
Plaintiff contends that since the court gave notice to both parties that the action would be dismissed within 30 days unless a sufficient showing was made for continuing the case upon the docket the court had no discretion to dismiss the case prior to the expiration of this period. Plaintiff had made his showing, appeared in person and by his attorney. The court then decided that the showing was not sufficient and *1344 on his own motion dismissed the action. Plaintiff did not ask permission to make a further showing and has not pointed out in what manner he was prejudiced by an entry of the order before the expiration of 30 days. In any event the trial court had inherent power to dismiss and announced that it was dismissing the action sua sponte. See Hyde et ux. v. Velvin, supra; Horn v. Calif.-Ore. Power Co. et al., supra, 221 Or. at 336, 351 P.2d 80; 27 C.J.S. Dismissal and Nonsuit § 65(3) and § 71d, pp. 441, 464.
It is questionable whether plaintiff's second amended complaint and motion to continue the action upon the docket were sufficient to show good cause why the action should be continued. As stated in Horn v. Calif.-Ore. Power Co. et al., supra, 221 Or. at 337, 351 P.2d at 85:
"* * * The mere fact that a plaintiff who is accused of inexcusable delay files a motion for a continuance * * * can not be viewed as an automatic release from the predicament created by the delay for if the plaintiff could escape that easily from the exigency into which his slothful ways cast him, * * * the inherent power of the court to dismiss inactive cases would be stripped of [its] potency."
It also appears that plaintiff's second amended complaint alleged substantially the same facts as those alleged in plaintiff's earlier complaints. Under these circumstances the court may well have found that the complaint did not provide any good cause to continue the case. See Downey v. Long, supra, 258 Or. at 199-200, 482 P.2d at 163:
"In the Lorraine Downey case, almost five years had elapsed from the time of the filing of the first complaint until the third amended complaint was filed. When filed it was `essentially' the same as the first complaint. In both cases, almost two years elapsed from the time the court allowed plaintiffs ten days to file amended complaints until such complaints were filed.
"Obviously, under these circumstances, the trial court, who is charged with the duty to keep his docket as current as possible, did not abuse his discretion in dismissing both cases for lack of prosecution."
Since this case had been pending approximately five years, we think the trial court did not abuse its discretion in dismissing this action for want of diligent prosecution. The trial court gave plaintiff an adequate opportunity to make a showing as to why the case should not be dismissed and after hearing and consideration of the showing made in response to the notice the court in its discretion concluded that no good cause was shown for continuing this action on its docket.
The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
NOTES
[1] "Not less than 60 days prior to the first regular motion day in each calendar year, unless the court has sent an earlier notice on its own motion, the clerk of the court shall mail notice to the attorneys of record in each pending case in which no action has been taken for one year immediately prior to the mailing of such notice, that each such case will be dismissed by the court for want of prosecution, unless on or before such first regular motion day application, either oral or written, is made to the court and good cause shown why it should be continued as a pending case. If such application is not made or good cause shown, the court shall dismiss each such case. Nothing contained in this section shall prevent the dismissing at any time, for want of prosecution, of any suit, action or proceeding upon motion of any party thereto."