F I L E D
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FEB 6 2001
TENTH CIRCUIT
PATRICK FISHER
Clerk
BILLY EARL ROBBINS,
Petitioner-Appellant,
No. 00-6318
v. (W. District of Oklahoma)
(D.C. No. 99-CV-1542-T)
STEVE HARGETT, Warden,
Respondent-Appellee.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before HENRY, BRISCOE, and MURPHY, Circuit Judges.
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of
this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The court
therefore honors the petitioner’s request and orders the case submitted without
oral argument.
*
This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata and collateral estoppel. The court
generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order
and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
This case is before the court on Billy Earl Robbins’ pro se request for a
certificate of appealability (“COA”). Robbins seeks a COA so that he can appeal
the district court’s denial of his 28 U.S.C. § 2254 habeas corpus petition. See 28
U.S.C. § 2253(c)(1)(A) (providing that no appeal may be taken from the denial of
a § 2254 petition unless the petitioner first obtains a COA). Because Robbins has
not “made a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right,” this court
denies his request for a COA and dismisses the appeal. See id. § 2253(c)(2).
Following a jury trial in Oklahoma state court, Robbins was convicted of
murder in the first degree and sentenced to life imprisonment. On direct appeal to
the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals (“OCCA”), Robbins contended as
follows: (1) the prosecutor had engaged in misconduct with regard to certain
comments made in closing argument; and (2) the trial court’s denial of his change
of venue motion denied him his constitutional right to an impartial jury. The
OCCA rejected Robbins’ contentions in a summary opinion. Robbins then filed
the instant § 2254 habeas petition, reasserting the same claims he raised before
the OCCA.
The district court referred Robbins’ petition to a magistrate judge for initial
proceedings pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). In a comprehensive and well-
reasoned Report and Recommendation, the magistrate judge recommended that
Robbins’ petition be denied. In particular, the magistrate judge concluded that
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Robbins had failed present any evidence “of either actual juror prejudice or the
type of community-wide hostility necessary to presume prejudice.” Mayes v.
Gibson, 210 F.3d 1284, 1291-92 (10th Cir. 2000). Furthermore, after conducting
a exceedingly close review of the comments of the prosecutor alleged by Robbins
to be improper, the magistrate judge concluded that the comments, viewed in the
context of the entire trial record, did not render Robbins’ trial fundamentally
unfair. See Darden v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 168, 181 (1986). Upon de novo
review, the district court adopted the recommendations of the magistrate judge
and denied Robbins’ § 2254 habeas petition.
As noted above, Robbins must obtain a COA before he can appeal the
district court’s denial of his § 2254 habeas petition. See 28 U.S.C. §
2253(c)(1)(A). He is entitled to a COA only upon making a “substantial showing
of the denial of a constitutional right.” Id. § 2253(c)(2). Robbins can make this
showing by demonstrating that the issues he seeks to raise on appeal are debatable
among jurists, a court could resolve the issues differently, or the questions
presented deserve further proceedings. See Slack v. McDaniel, 120 S. Ct. 1595,
1603-04 (2000). This court has reviewed Robbins’ request for a COA and
accompanying brief, along with the magistrate judge’s report and
recommendation, the district court’s order, and the entire record on appeal. Our
review reveals that the district court’s resolution of the petition is not debatable,
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subject to an alternate resolution, or deserving of further proceedings.
Accordingly, this court DENIES Robbins’ request for a COA for substantially
those reasons set forth in the magistrate judge’s report and recommendation dated
July 31, 2000, and the district court’s order dated September 5, 2000. Robbins’
appeal is, therefore, DISMISSED. See 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c).
ENTERED FOR THE COURT:
Michael R. Murphy
Circuit Judge
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