F I L E D
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
MAR 8 2005
TENTH CIRCUIT
PATRICK FISHER
Clerk
BOBBY WAYNE COLLINS,
Petitioner-Appellant, No. 04-6343
v. (W.D. of Okla.)
RANDALL WORKMAN, (D.C. No. CV-04-766-R)
Respondent-Appellee.
ORDER DENYING CERTIFICATE OF APPEALABILITY *
Before KELLY , O’BRIEN , and TYMKOVICH , Circuit Judges. **
Bobby Wayne Collins, an Oklahoma state prisoner appearing pro se, seeks a
certificate of appealability to challenge the district court's dismissal of his habeas
petition under 28 U.S.C. § 2241. 1 We may only issue a certificate of appealability
*
This order is not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of
the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court generally disfavors the
citation of orders; nevertheless, an order may be cited under the terms and
conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
**
After examining the briefs and the appellate record, this three-judge
panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not be of material
assistance in the determination of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a); 10th
Cir. R. 34.1(G). The cause is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
The magistrate judge referred to Collins’s petition as brought pursuant to
1
28 U.S.C. § 2254. However, because Collins challenges the execution of his
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if Collins makes “a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right.”
28 U.S.C. § 2253(c). Because Collins has failed to make this requisite showing,
we deny his request for a certificate of appealability.
Collins is serving a life sentence for a 1975 first degree murder conviction.
He does not appeal that conviction or its validity. Instead, Collins asserts he is
entitled to a reduction in his sentence under the Truth in Sentencing Act, passed
by the Oklahoma legislature in 1997. The Act defined “[l]ife imprisonment” as
“imprisonment for a period of not less than eighteen (18) years nor more than
sixty (60) years . . . .” Oklahoma Truth in Sentencing Act, 1997 Okla. Sess.
Laws, 1 Reg. Sess., 133 § 4(6) (to be codified at Okla. Stat. tit. 21 § 14(6) (1997
Supp)). Collins argues that the Act created a constitutionally protected “Statutory
Liberty Interest under the 1st Amendment” entitling him to serve no more than a
60-year sentence.
The district court, however, rejected this argument after determining that
the Truth in Sentencing Act never in fact became effective because the Oklahoma
legislature repealed it the day before its effective date. The court also ruled that
1
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sentence rather than the validity of his conviction or sentence, we analyze his
claim under 28 U.S.C. § 2241. See Teague v. Hines, No. 00–6241, 232 F.3d 902,
2000 WL 1629445, *1 n.1 (10th Cir. 2000) (unpublished opinion). Regardless of
whether his petition is considered under § 2241 or § 2254, Collins must be
granted a certificate of appealability before we may consider his appeal on the
merits. See Montez v. McKinna, 208 F.3d 862, 867–69 (10th Cir. 2000).
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even if the Act had become effective, it “would not apply retroactively and did
not create a liberty interest or any constitutional claim for [Collins].”
Collins now argues on appeal the district court erred in finding the Act did
not go into effect. He asserts it is illogical to reason that a law that never went
into effect can be repealed. Under Collins’s theory, the law both went into effect
and was repealed the same day, and during the time it was effective a
constitutionally protected liberty interest accrued. We disagree.
The Truth in Sentencing Act was initially scheduled to become effective on
July 1, 1998. See 1997 Okla. Sess. Laws, 1st Reg. Sess., ch. 133 § 612 (eff. July
1, 1998). However, the law was subsequently amended to take effect on July 1,
1999. See 1998 Okla. Sess. Laws, 1st Ex. Sess., ch. 2 § 23 (eff. July 1, 1999).
One day before the law was to take effect, the state legislature repealed it,
effective on July 1, 1999. See 1999 Okla. Sess. Laws, 1st Ex. Sess., ch. 5 § 452
(eff. July 1, 1999).
Based on these facts, we have previously held the Act never went into
effect and that it did not create any federal constitutional claims for those seeking
habeas relief. See Teague v. Hines, No. 00–6241, 232 F.3d 902, 2000 WL
1629445, *1–2 (10th Cir. 2000) (unpublished opinion); Turner v. Champion, No.
98–6480, 198 F.3d 259, 1999 WL 1032972, *1 (10th Cir. 1999) (unpublished
opinion). We have thoroughly reviewed Collins’s application for a certificate of
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appealability, his brief, the magistrate judge’s report and recommendation, the
district court order, and the record on appeal, and find Collins does not allege any
circumstances that would warrant departure from the rules announced in these
cases. Accordingly, the request for a certificate of appealability is denied and the
appeal dismissed. 2
Entered for the Court
Timothy M. Tymkovich
Circuit Judge
2
To the extent Collins bases his petition on Oklahoma state law, such
claims are not cognizable on federal habeas review. See 28 U.S.C. § 2241(c)(3);
Montez, 208 F.3d at 865.
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