F I L E D
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
July 5, 2005
TENTH CIRCUIT
PATRICK FISHER
Clerk
MICHAEL LEE SHAPIRO,
Petitioner-Appellant,
No. 04-4272
v. (District of Utah)
(D.C. No. 2:04-CV-480-TS)
CLINT FRIEL, Warden,
Respondent-Appellee.
ORDER
Before BRISCOE, LUCERO, and MURPHY, Circuit Judges.
This matter is before the court on Michael Lee Shapiro’s pro se requests for
(1) a certificate of appealability (“COA”) and (2) permission to proceed on appeal
in forma pauperis. We grant Shapiro’s request to proceed in forma pauperis.
Shapiro seeks a COA so that he can appeal the district court’s denial of his 28
U.S.C. § 2254 habeas corpus petition. See 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(1)(A) (providing
that no appeal may be taken from a “final order in a habeas corpus proceeding in
which the detention complained of arises out of process issued by a State court”
unless the petitioner first obtains a COA). Because Shapiro has not “made a
substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right,” id. § 2253(c)(2), this
court denies his request for a COA and dismisses this appeal.
Shapiro was convicted in Utah state court of Rape and Forcible Sexual
Abuse. His conviction was affirmed by the Utah Court of Appeals on February 7,
2002; the conviction became final on March 11, 2002, after the thirty-day period
for seeking certiorari review in the Utah Supreme Court expired without Shapiro
having filed for a writ of certiorari. See Utah R. App. P. 48. Shapiro filed the
instant 28 U.S.C. § 2254 petition on May 24, 2004, more than two years and two
months after his convictions became final, and more than one year and two
months after the limitations period set out in 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d) had expired.
Because Shapiro was clearly not entitled to statutory tolling under § 2244(d)(2),
and because he had not argued that any equitable circumstances rescued him from
the statutory limitations period, the district court denied Shapiro’s petition as
barred by the limitations period set out in § 2244(d).
Shapiro now seeks a COA to enable him to appeal the district court’s denial
of his § 2254 petition. A COA may issue “only if the applicant has made a
substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right.” 28 U.S.C. §
2253(c)(2). “A petitioner satisfies this standard by demonstrating that jurists of
reason could disagree with the district court’s resolution of his constitutional
claims or that jurists could conclude the issues presented are adequate to deserve
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encouragement to proceed further.” Miller-El v. Cockrell, 537 U.S. 322, 327
(2003). This “requires an overview of the claims in the habeas petition and a
general assessment of their merits.” Id. at 336. When, however, the district court
denies a habeas petition on procedural grounds without reaching the petitioner’s
underlying constitutional claim, a COA should issue only when the petitioner
shows, at least, that jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the petition
states a valid claim of the denial of a constitutional right and that jurists of reason
would find it debatable whether the district court was correct in its procedural
ruling. Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000).
Having undertaken a review of Shapiro’s application for a COA and
appellate filings, the district court’s order, and the entire record before this court
pursuant to the framework set out by the Supreme Court in Miller-El, this court
concludes that Shapiro is not entitled to a COA. Shapiro’s brief on appeal does
not even address the limitations issue upon which the district court based its
ruling, but instead focuses exclusively on the merits of his claims. In any event,
it is clear that Shapiro is not entitled to statutory tolling because he did not file
any state petitions for post-conviction relief that would trigger the application of
28 U.S.C. § 2244(d)(2). Likewise, the district court did not abuse its discretion in
declining to equitably toll the limitations period in the absence of any arguments
in that regard on the part of Shapiro. See Harms v. IRS, 321 F.3d 1001, 1006
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(10th Cir. 2003) (holding that district court’s decision on equitable tolling is
reviewed for abuse of discretion). The district court’s resolution of Shapiro’s
§ 2254 petition is not reasonably subject to debate and the issues he seeks to raise
on appeal are not adequate to deserve further proceedings. Accordingly, this
court DENIES Shapiro’s request for a COA and DISMISSES this appeal.
Entered for the Court
PATRICK FISHER, Clerk of Court
By
Deputy Clerk
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