F I L E D
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
May 3, 2007
UNITED STATES CO URT O F APPEALS
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
FO R TH E TENTH CIRCUIT Clerk of Court
STEV EN RA Y TH OM AS,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v. No. 06-3235
(D.C. No. 04-CV-3274-JTM )
LOUIS E. BRUCE, W arden, (D . Kan.)
Hutchinson Correctional Facility;
ROGER W ERHOLTZ, Secretary of
Corrections; DENNIS GOFF, Nurse
Practitioner; JANET M YERS,
R egistered N urse; D EB RA LU NDRY,
N urse; NEA L R . B RO CK BA N K,
Contracting Physician; CORRECT
CA RE SOLU TIONS,
Defendants-Appellees.
OR D ER AND JUDGM ENT *
Before L UC ER O, M cKA Y, and GORSUCH, Circuit Judges.
*
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of
this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is
therefore ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is
not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata,
and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value
consistent w ith Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
This case involves an appeal by pro se Plaintiff Steven Ray Thomas of the
district court’s order granting summary judgment sua sponte in favor of
defendants. M r. Thomas’s lawsuit filed pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 asserts that
while he was incarcerated in a Kansas state prison that the various named
defendants were aware of, and deliberately indifferent to, his serious medical
needs with respect to treatment of his Hepatitis B and C, all in violation of the
Eighth Amendment. On appeal, M r. Thomas does not challenge the district
court’s order on summary judgment, but instead requests the court to grant him
leave to file an amended complaint. Because the proposed amended complaint
would either only amend non-material clerical errors or present new arguments
and evidence not raised before the district court, we are constrained to affirm the
district court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of the defendants.
I
On August 26, 2004, M r. Thomas, a prisoner of the State of Kansas, filed
this suit under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 asserting that defendants violated his Eighth
Amendment rights while he was incarcerated through their deliberate indifference
to his serious medical needs. M r. Thomas’s complaint sought declaratory and
injunctive relief and compensatory and punitive damages. Attached to M r.
Thomas’s complaint were thirty-four pages of documents supporting his claims.
The district court assigned the case dismissed the complaint under 28 U.S.C.
§ 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii) and Rule 12(b)(6) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure,
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which order we reversed on appeal in Thom as v. Bruce, 125 F. App’x 964 (10th
Cir. M ar. 18, 2005) (unpub.). On M ay 3, 2005, M r. Thomas filed a verified
amended complaint excluding as defendants the State of Kansas, Kansas
Department of Corrections, and Hutchinson Correctional Facility (“HCF”), but
otherwise alleging similar facts constituting the same constitutional violation by
the same individual defendants and seeking the same relief as his first complaint.
M r. Thomas again attached exhibits to his complaint supporting his claims.
On M ay 3, 2005, M r. Thomas also filed a motion requesting the district
court to order a report be prepared by prison officials pursuant to M artinez v.
Aaron, 570 F.2d 317 (10th Cir. 1978) (the “M artinez Report”), which the district
court granted on M ay 10, 2005. On September 16, 2005, the Kansas Department
of Corrections filed the M artinez report with the district court.
On February 13, 2006, Defendants Louis E. Bruce and Roger W erholtz
moved the district court for summary judgment. M r. Thomas did not file a
response but, instead, on M arch 10, 2006, filed a motion to amend his Amended
Complaint to fix two “clerical errors” (adding the date and fact that he received a
biopsy to paragraphs 28 and 34) and disputing the date on which defendants
learned of his H epatitis diagnosis (1996 versus 2003). M r. Thomas renewed his
motion to correct the two “clerical mistakes” on April 3, 2006, and also moved to
correct an error in the M artinez report (the date the biopsy was performed was
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December 7, 2004, not December 17, 2004) and delete two paragraphs from his
initial disclosures regarding who ordered a biopsy.
On April 25, 2006, without ruling on the motions to amend, the district
court granted summary judgment in favor of all defendants. Although the district
court found Defendants Bruce and W erholtz’s motion failed to comply with
federal and local rules and “lack[ed] substantive legal analysis of the claim
presented,” Dist. Ct. Order of A pril 25, 2006, at 1, the district court, nonetheless,
granted summary judgment sua sponte “in the interest of judicial expediency,” id.
The district court explicitly based its findings on the information in the M artinez
report, id. at 4, and, because M r. Thomas had failed to file a timely response,
proceeded as if it were considering an unopposed motion for summary judgment,
id. at 3. After an extensive examination of records in the M artinez report, the
district court concluded:
The medical record indicates that defendants were
continuously aw are of and monitoring plaintiff’s condition. In
M arch 2003, plaintiff's goal was established to avoid liver
toxins. On August 22, 2003 and January 29, 2004, plaintiff
had additional lab work done. On October 20, 2004, plaintiff
requested and received records as to his enzyme levels. After
this, the record indicates that doctor and patient agreed they
would “work up the process” on plaintiff regarding his
hepatitis. In the following months, additional tests were
conducted. By mid-November 2004, it was recommended that
plaintiff receive a liver biopsy. On December 7, 2004, the
liver biopsy was performed. In his motion to amend his
complaint, plaintiff acknowledges he received the biopsy in
December 2004.
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Under these circumstances, the court finds that plaintiff fails to
establish an Eighth Amendment claim. Defendants clearly
acknowledge that plaintiff had a serious condition that was
continuously monitored through clinic visits and lab tests.
Plaintiff fails to establish that defendants w ere deliberately
indifferent under both an objective and subjective analysis.
First, there is no evidence of a deprivation that was
sufficiently serious to meet the objective component. The care
providers recognized plaintiff's condition and provided
ongoing monitoring. Second, there is no evidence of
defendants knowingly disregarding risk to plaintiff's health.
W hen plaintiff’s high enzyme levels warranted further testing
and a liver biopsy, defendants undertook steps to ensure
treatment through the established administrative process.
Plaintiff fails to contradict these facts. The record indicates
that plaintiff's reluctance to participate in a drug treatment
program may have been partially responsible for his treatment
delays.
Id. at 15-16.
On M ay 12, 2006, M r. Thomas filed a motion to reconsider, which the
district court denied on M ay 31, 2006. In its order, the district court explained
that it had “waited more than two months before entering an order in this case,”
Dist. Ct. Order of M ay 31, 2006, at 2, and that a response from M r. Thomas was
not received until the day the court was planning to file its grant of summary
judgment, id. M oreover, the district court noted that the response it received
from M r. Thomas failed to comply with local filing requirements and thus could
not be docketed or considered even if it had been timely. Id. The court found
under those circumstances its original grant of summary judgment was
appropriate.
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II
On appeal, M r. Thomas has “stipulate[d] the [district] court did act
appropriately in dismissing his complaint for failure to state a claim [sic], but
should have allowed him the opportunity to amend the . . . complaint.” A plt.
Opening Br. at 17. From this, and seeking to construe his argument as liberally as
we might, we perceive M r. Thomas to be making one of two arguments on appeal:
(1) that the district court should have granted his motions to amend his complaint
and supplement the record, or (2) that he should be granted another opportunity
by this court to present a different amended complaint fixing the defects in his
original complaints.
W ith respect to the first of these arguments, however, M r. Thomas had tw o
motions pending before the district court to amend his complaint and supplement
the record when the district court granted summary judgment and none of the
proposed revisions would have altered the district court’s analysis. In fact, the
district court’s order explicitly acknowledged and addressed the revisions that M r.
Thomas sought to make through his motions to amend. See Dist. Ct. Order of
April 25, 2006, at 15 (“In his motion to amend his complaint, plaintiff
acknowledges he received the biopsy in December 2004.”). A ccordingly, even if
the district court had granted M r. Thomas’s motions to amend prior to issuing its
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order granting summary judgment, the district court’s analysis would not have
changed at all. 1
W e think it more likely that on appeal M r. Thomas is asking this court for
another opportunity to file an amended complaint based on new evidence and
arguments he has presented on appeal. However, M r. Thomas was already
granted an opportunity to amend his complaint “as needed” after his first appeal
to this court, Thom as, 125 F. App’x at 968. The only reason M r. Thomas
provides for why he failed previously to present the arguments and evidence he
now seeks to advance was that “at the time [he] drafted his complaint, he had no
understanding of the law and/or legal writing whatsoever.” Aplt. Opening Br.
at 17. But in the proceedings on remand after his initial appeal, M r. Thomas did
have knowledge of the facts of his case, the contents of the M artinez Report, and
defendants’ motion for summary judgment. M oreover, M r. Thomas w as able to
successfully appeal the district court’s dismissal of his lawsuit, file an amended
complaint, and file two motions to amend errors he found in his amended
complaint, his initial disclosures, and the M artinez Report. M r. Thomas thus had
1
“A M artinez report is treated like an affidavit, and the court is not
authorized to accept the factual findings of the prison investigation when the
plaintiff has presented conflicting evidence.” Hall v. Bellmon, 935 F.2d 1106,
1111 (10th Cir. 1991). In this case, even considering the excluded allegations,
M r. Thomas presented nothing relevant to the district court’s grant of summary
judgment which conflicted with the M artinez report.
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more than sufficient notice and opportunity to present all his new evidence and
arguments before the district court.
Generously read, M r. Thomas’s second appeal constitutes his fourth motion
to file an amended complaint in this matter. Although w e recognize that pro se
parties should not be held to the same standards as attorneys and should be
afforded significant leniency in their filings, granting M r. Thomas another
opportunity to present the arguments and evidence he should have presented
previously before the district court would significantly undermine the value of
finality. Accordingly, while affording M r. Thomas all the benefits of a pro se
litigant, we are nonetheless constrained to deny his request for another
opportunity to amend his complaint based on new arguments and evidence he has
thus far failed to present to the district court. See, e.g., Wardell v. Duncan, 470
F.3d 954, 963 (10th Cir. 2006) (affirming district court’s denial of leave to amend
a pro se complaint when plaintiff moved to amend two years after filing the
action, “did not diligently pursue the basis for such amendments, and that the
facts behind such amendments would have been known to the plaintiff at the
initiation of this action,” (citations omitted)).
* * *
The judgment of the district court is affirmed. M r. Thomas’s motion to
proceed without prepayment of costs or fees is granted. He is reminded that he is
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obligated to continue making partial payments until the entire fee has been paid.
All other pending motions are denied as moot. 2
Entered for the Court
Neil M . Gorsuch
Circuit Judge
2
M r. Thomas has a number of outstanding motions, including: (1) to
proceed without prepayment of costs or fees, file-stamped September 25, 2006;
(2) for preliminary injunction and attached motion for oral argument, file-stamped
January 11, 2007; and (3) for permission to supplement his appendix, affidavit 7,
with lab reports for another inmate with Hepatitis C, file-stamped January 22,
2007. M r. Thomas has also filed a notice to the court regarding his attempts to
retain counsel and a notice regarding certain exhibits filed-stamped M arch 8,
2007.
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