F IL E D
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
U N IT E D ST A T E S C O U R T O F A PP E A L S
June 4, 2007
FO R T H E T E N T H C IR C U IT
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
C HRISTIN E M O RG A N ,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v. No. 06-5145
(D.C. No. 05-CV-318-M )
M ICH AEL J. ASTRU E, * (N.D. Okla.)
Commissioner of Social Security
Administration,
Defendant-Appellee.
O R D E R A N D JU D G M E N T * *
Before B R ISC O E , M cK A Y , and G O R SU C H , Circuit Judges.
Christine M organ appeals the Commissioner’s denial of Disability
Insurance Benefits (DIB) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI). The district
*
Pursuant to Fed. R. App. P. 43(c)(2), M ichael J. Astrue is substituted for
Jo Anne B. Barnhart as appellee in this appeal.
**
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously to grant the parties’ request for a decision on the briefs without oral
argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore
ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is not binding
precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and
collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent
with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
court affirmed the Commissioner’s decision, and exercising jurisdiction under
28 U.S.C. § 1291 and 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), we now affirm the district court.
I.
M s. M organ is seeking benefits for the closed period dating August 2,
2002, through February 13, 2004. She claims disability from spinal impairment,
status post discectomy, hip impairments, and hypertension. After a hearing, an
administrative law judge (ALJ) concluded at step five of the five-step sequential
evaluation process, see 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520; Williams v. Bowen, 844 F.2d 748,
750-52 (10th Cir. 1988) (explaining the five-step process), that she was not
disabled because she retained the residual functional capacity (RFC) to perform a
significant range of light work. The Appeals Council denied review, and the
district court affirmed the ALJ’s decision.
M s. M organ subsequently filed this appeal in which she argues that the
ALJ: (1) failed to adequately explain why he found her unimpaired at step three
of the analysis; and (2) incorrectly assessed her RFC.
II.
Because the Appeals Council denied review, the ALJ’s decision constitutes
the final agency decision. Doyal v. Barnhart, 331 F.3d 758, 759 (10th Cir. 2003).
Our review of the agency’s decision is limited to determining whether it is
supported by substantial evidence and whether the Commissioner applied the
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correct legal standards. M adrid v. Barnhart, 447 F.3d 788, 790 (10th Cir. 2006).
In making these determinations, “we neither reweigh the evidence nor substitute
our judgment for that of the agency.” Casias v. Sec’y of Health & H um an Servs.,
933 F.2d 799, 800 (10th Cir. 1991).
A . Step T hree Determination
M s. M organ first claims the ALJ failed to adequately explain why he found
her unimpaired at step three. Specifically, she contends the ALJ did not consider
the medical reports of Dr. Richard Hastings, one of her treating physicians who
she claim s provided evidence that satisfies the requirements for Listing 1.04(A )
(spinal impairments), 20 C.F.R. Pt. 404, Subpt. P, App. 1, Pt. A .
Step three of the sequential evaluation process requires the ALJ to
determine “whether the claimant’s impairment is equivalent to one of a number of
listed impairments that the [Commissioner] acknowledges as so severe as to
preclude substantial gainful activity.” Clifton v. Chater, 79 F.3d 1007, 1009
(10th Cir. 1996) (quotation omitted). If the ALJ finds that the claimant does not
meet a listed impairment, he is “required to discuss the evidence and explain why
he found that [the claimant] was not disabled at step three.” Id. The ALJ is not
required to discuss every piece of evidence, but “[t]he record must demonstrate
that the ALJ considered all of the evidence.” Id. at 1009-1010.
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In this case, the ALJ determined that M s. M organ had a severe impairment,
but that her impairment was not severe enough to satisfy Listing 1.04. In making
this determination, the ALJ examined M s. M organ’s medical history from M ay
17, 1996, and acknowledged that she had “a longstanding history of back
problems.” Aplt. App. at 16. He reviewed M s. M organ’s symptoms and
treatments, including “chronic lower back pain,” “chronic fatigue,” and “recent
back surgery.” Id. The ALJ also specifically referenced a report from
Dr. Hastings dated M arch 8, 1999, stating, “Subsequent X-rays taken [i]n M arch
of 1999, revealed evidence of a disc bulge at L4-L5 which was consistent with
her complaints of right-sided radiculopathy. She was also noted to have L5-S1
epidural scar around the S1 nerve root.” Id.
Although M s. M organ insists this discussion is deficient because it does not
specifically reference another report from Dr. Hastings, the ALJ is not required to
discuss each and every piece of evidence. The ALJ’s reference to D r. Hastings’
M arch 8 report clearly shows that he considered Dr. Hastings’ opinion, just as he
considered the opinion of Dr. Brad Vogel, who performed surgery on
M s. M organ’s hand and noted that she had no significant complaints. The ALJ
likewise considered the opinion of Dr. Stephen Lee, who reported that although
M s. M organ complained of being unable to sit or stand for long periods, she was
nonetheless neurologically intact and able to heel-toe walk normally without an
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assistive device. Only after considering the opinions of these physicians, as w ell
as other medical evidence, did the ALJ conclude that, “The medical evidence
indicates that the claimant has impairments that are ‘severe’ within the meaning
of the Regulations but not ‘severe’ enough to meet or medically equal, either
singly or in combination to one of the impairments listed.” Aplt. A pp. at 17.
Because the administrative record demonstrates that the ALJ considered all the
evidence, including Dr. Hastings’ opinion, we will not disturb the ALJ’s decision.
B . R FC A ssessm ent
M s. M organ next contends that the ALJ’s RFC assessment was not based on
substantial evidence because he failed to account for all of her limitations and
improperly discredited her testimony.
1. Lim itations
M s. M organ’s contention that the ALJ’s RFC assessment fails to account
for all of her limitations, particularly her chronic back and heel pain, is belied by
the ALJ’s evaluation of her physicians’ treatment notes. For example, the ALJ
specifically acknowledged that Dr. Lee indicated that M s. M organ suffered from
“chronic back pain . . . and heel spurs.” Aplt. App. at 17. Likewise, the ALJ
recognized that Dr. Lee’s most recent treatment notes indicated that “she is being
treated for increased left knee pain and continued heel pain.” Id. Similarly, the
ALJ considered Dr. Rebecca Wackowski’s opinion that M s. M organ suffered from
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“[c]hronic low back pain, lumbar disk disease,” “[e]levated diastolic blood
pressure,” “irritable bowel,” and “recent surgery.” Id. at 111. Additionally, the
ALJ weighed the opinion of Dr. Christopher Chow, who noted that M s. M organ
had “low back pain/leg pain,” id. at 149, and treated her with muscle relaxants,
“Lortab for pain[, and] moist heat.” Id. at 152. Among other evidence cited by
the ALJ were treatment notes from January 2003 indicating that M s. M organ
suffered from “polyarthralgias, heel pain, gerd, muscle spasms, and neuropathy
L.E.” Id. at 188. Notwithstanding this evidence, however, the ALJ recognized
that “no treating or consultative physician opined during [the claimed period of
disability] that [M s. M organ] was unable to work at any exertional level or in any
modified environment.” Id. at 18. Still, the A LJ accounted for M s. M organ’s
testimony describing how she had trouble standing for long periods of time and
was required to take frequent breaks while working at W al-M art and the Cherokee
Casino. Then, after accounting for all of this evidence, the ALJ determined that
M s. M organ retained the RFC to:
lift up to 20 pounds occasionally, and up to 10 pounds frequently.
She is able to sit up to one hour at a time, up to 6 hours in an 8 hour
work day. Furthermore, she is able to stand or walk up to one hour at
a time, up to 4 hours (each) in an 8 hour work day. The claimant is
able to perform tasks where there is only an occasional requirement
for stooping and where she may alternate positions on an hourly
basis.
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Id. at 18. This assessment is supported by substantial evidence. M s. M organ’s
complaint that there are no other assessments in the record, presumably against
which to compare the ALJ’s, ignores our standard of review, which is whether the
ALJ’s assessment is supported by substantial evidence, Howard v. Barnhart,
379 F.3d 945, 947 (10th Cir. 2004). M s. M organ’s arguments w ould require us to
reweigh the evidence and substitute our judgment for that of the Commissioner’s.
That we cannot do. Glass v. Shalala, 43 F.3d 1392, 1395 (10th Cir. 1994).
2. C redibility
Finally, M s. M organ argues that the ALJ erred in finding her “not fully
credible.” Aplt. App. at 18. She contends this determination skewed the RFC
assessment because the A LJ improperly discredited her subjective complaints.
“Credibility determinations are peculiarly the province of the finder of fact,
and we will not upset such determinations when supported by substantial
evidence.” Hackett v. Barnhart, 395 F.3d 1168, 1173 (10th Cir. 2005) (quotation
omitted). “H owever, findings as to credibility should be closely and affirmatively
linked to substantial evidence and not just a conclusion in the guise of findings.”
Kepler v. Chater, 68 F.3d 387, 391 (10th Cir. 1995) (alteration and quotation
omitted). “So long as the ALJ sets forth the specific evidence he relies on in
evaluating the claimant’s credibility, the dictates of Kepler are satisfied.” Qualls
v. Apfel, 206 F.3d 1368, 1372 (10th Cir. 2000).
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Here, the A LJ found that M s. M organ’s “allegation of being unable to work
at any exertional level whatsoever or in any modified work environment . . . are
[sic] not fully consistent with the objective medical evidence of record.” A plt.
App. at 18. As an example, the ALJ noted that “no treating or consultative
physician opined . . . that she was unable to work at any exertional level or in any
modified environment.” Id. Hence, the ALJ concluded that she was “not fully
credible.” Id. Although M s. M organ claims the ALJ failed to adequately
associate this finding with any evidence in the record, the ALJ is not required to
perform a formalistic evaluation of the evidence, Qualls, 206 F.3d at 1372. The
ALJ linked his conclusion that she was not fully credible to the fact that none of
her physicians believed she absolutely could not work. The fact that not one of
her doctors believed she was incapable of working indicates that her complaints
were inconsistent with the medical evidence. Accordingly, the ALJ was entitled
to rely on this fact to conclude that she was only partially credible. See Decker v.
Chater, 86 F.3d 953, 955 (10th Cir. 1996) (“in assessing [claimant’s] credibility,
the ALJ appropriately considered medical evidence that was inconsistent with
[claimant’s] claim of total disability”). M oreover, the ALJ’s finding that
M s. M organ was not fully credible w as directed only at her claim of complete
incapacitation. In all other respects, the A LJ accepted her subjective complaints,
including those of constant pain in her lumbar and right heel areas, intermittent
numbness in her left calf, and her ability to walk only one hundred feet at a time.
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Given the ALJ’s recitation of the evidence, we are satisfied that the correct legal
standard was applied. See H am ilton v. Sec’y of Health & H um an Servs., 961 F.2d
1495, 1500 (10th Cir. 1992) (finding no error where ALJ adequately considered
evidence supporting conclusion of non-disability).
III.
The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
Entered for the Court
M ary Beck Briscoe
Circuit Judge
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