FILED
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
January 3, 2008
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
TENTH CIRCUIT Clerk of Court
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff - Appellee,
No. 07-3074
v. (D.C. No. 99-CR-40072-03-RDR)
(D. Kan.)
SALVADOR MARTINEZ,
Defendant - Appellant.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before KELLY, MURPHY, and O’BRIEN, Circuit Judges. **
Defendant-Appellant Salvador Martinez appeals from his sentence of 20
years’ imprisonment on two drug convictions. He argues that (1) the district
court improperly calculated the advisory guideline sentencing range based upon
facts not found by the jury or admitted by him, or based upon insufficient
evidence for a leadership role enhancement and possession of a firearm
*
This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited,
however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th
Cir. R. 32.1.
**
After examining the briefs and the appellate record, this three-judge
panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not be of material
assistance in the determination of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a); 10th
Cir. R. 34.1(G). The cause is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
enhancement, and (2) the sentence was unreasonable under 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a).
Our jurisdiction arises under 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and 18 U.S.C. § 3742(a), and we
affirm.
Background
The parties are familiar with the facts which were set out in United States
v. Martinez, 97 F. App’x 869 (10th Cir. 2004), and we need not restate them here.
This is an appeal from a sentence imposed on a Booker remand. See United
States v. Martinez, 136 F. App’x 173 (10th Cir. 2005). The district court
previously sentenced Mr. Martinez to life imprisonment. On remand, the district
court relied on its earlier findings and sentenced Mr. Martinez to 20 years’
imprisonment by granting a downward variance. 1
Discussion
We review a sentence imposed for reasonableness, which has both
procedural and substantive components. United States v. Hamilton, No. 06-5231,
2007 WL 4393257, at *6 (10th Cir. Dec. 18, 2007). A procedural challenge
concerns the method used to calculate the sentence, including the advisory
1
Mr. Martinez has moved for leave to file a supplemental brief and what
we interpret as a motion to remand (“pro se argument for remand following
resentencing”). As he is represented by competent counsel, the motion will be
denied. See United States v. Hildreth, 485 F.3d 1120, 1125 (10th Cir. 2007).
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guideline range. Id. We agree with the government that Mr. Martinez’ objection
to basing the enhancements on facts found by a preponderance of the evidence by
a judge, rather than by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt, was not raised below.
Our review of that issue is therefore for plain error. See United States v.
Lopez-Flores, 444 F.3d 1218, 1221 (10th Cir. 2006). Here, there was no error,
plain or otherwise, because our precedent has rejected that contention. United
States v. Magallanez, 408 F.3d 672, 685 (10th Cir. 2005). With respect to Mr.
Martinez’ argument that there was insufficient evidence supporting his role in the
offense or a firearms enhancement, Mr. Martinez merely reasserted his earlier
objections, and those were rejected in his prior appeal. See Martinez, 97 F.
App’x at 873. Those objections are barred by the law of the case. See Roth v.
Green, 466 F.3d 1179, 1187 (10th Cir. 2006).
Next, we consider the substantive component of reasonableness. We
review this for an abuse of discretion. Gall v. United States, No. 06-7949, 2007
WL 4292116, *6 (U.S. Dec. 10, 2007); Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456,
2465 (2007). Mr. Martinez contends that a proper application of the § 3553(a)
factors would have resulted in a sentence significantly below the 20 years’
imprisonment he received. He argues that his “family ties, length of time to first
offense, lack of criminal history, and employment record are atypical and in his
case justified a sentence of substantially less than [the] 20 years[’] imprisonment
imposed.” Aplt. Br. at 12.
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The question is not whether the district court could have justified a lower
sentence, however, but rather whether it abused its discretion in imposing the 20-
year sentence. On this point, we hold that the district court did not abuse its
discretion. It considered each factor Mr. Martinez argues “justified” a lower
sentence as well as the other § 3553 factors and arrived at a reasonable
determination. II Aplt. App. at 9.
AFFIRMED. All pending motions are denied.
Entered for the Court
Paul J. Kelly, Jr.
Circuit Judge
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