FILED
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS March 31, 2008
TENTH CIRCUIT Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
No.07-2139
v. New Mexico
(D.C. No. 06-CR-977 MV)
MANUEL GUTIERREZ-GONZALEZ,
Defendant-Appellant.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT*
Before McWILLIAMS, ANDERSON, and BRORBY, Senior Circuit Judges.
On February 23, 2006, Manuel Gutierrez-Gonzalez (the defendant) was arrested in
Las Cruces, New Mexico, on an informant’s tip to the Border Patrol that the defendant
was an alien residing in New Mexico. He was later charged in an information filed in the
United States District Court for the District of New Mexico with the crime of reentry by
an alien previously deported because of his conviction for an aggravated felony, in
*
The parties having waived oral argument, this panel has determined unanimously
that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of this appeal. See Fed.
R. App. P. 34(f); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore ordered submitted without
oral argument.
This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the
case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive
value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
violation of 8 U.S.C. §§ 1326(a)(1) and (2), and 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2). On May 11,
2006, the defendant, pursuant to a plea agreement which preserved his appeal rights, pled
guilty to that information and the matter was referred to the Probation Department for a
pre-sentence report (PSR).
Using the applicable edition of the Guidelines Manual, the PSR set defendant’s
base offense level at 8. The PSR then increased defendant’s base offense level by 16
based on defendant’s prior conviction, on October 18, 1983, for a “crime of violence,” i.e.
second degree murder, for which he had served nine years imprisonment and was
thereafter deported to Mexico. Defendant’s offense level of 24 was then reduced by three
levels for acceptance of responsibility, resulting in a total offense level of 21.
Defendant’s criminal history category was set at IV. The guideline sentencing range was
thusly set at 57-71 months imprisonment.
On February 20, 2007, defendant’s counsel filed a motion to deviate from the
Sentencing Guidelines, citing, inter alia, defendant’s family ties and responsibilities. The
Probation Department then filed an addendum to its PSR and ended by stating that a
sentence below the guideline range was warranted. In response thereto, the Government
stated it would not object to a sentence of 41 months, which sentence assumed an offense
level of 18 and a criminal history of IV. On May 10, 2007, defendant filed a motion for
downward departure asking for a reduction in criminal history category from IV to III.
At sentencing, the District Court concluded that defendant’s criminal history
category of IV was overstated, and that a category of III was more appropriate. The
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District Court then noted that the guideline range for one with an adjusted offense level of
21 and a criminal history category of III was imprisonment for 46 to 51 months. Using
that as its starting point, the District Court then considered at length defendant’s family
history and imposed a sentence of imprisonment for 41 months. Defendant appeals that
sentence.
On appeal, counsel raises two issues, which she frames as follows:
I. Whether the sentence imposed on Mr. Gutierrez-Gonzalez was
unreasonable?
II. Whether the District Court followed the Rita Rule that the District Court
should not or may not employ a presumption in favor of a Guidelines
Sentence in connection with Section 3553(A)?
I.
Absent a statutory mandated sentence, a sentence must be “reasonable” whether it
be within or above or below the guideline range. If the sentence is within the guideline
range it is presumptively reasonable on appeal. Rita v. United States, 127 S.Ct. 2456,
2463 (2007).
As we understand it, counsel on appeal does not challenge, nor did she in the
District Court challenge, the court’s determination that the applicable guideline range was
46 to 51 months imprisonment, such range being based on an adjusted offense level of 21
and a criminal history category of III. However, as above stated, at sentencing the
District Court was of the view that a sentence at the low end of that guideline range did
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not “fit the crime,” so to speak, and imposed a sentence of 41 months, five months below
the low end of the guideline range.
Counsel’s first argument in this Court is that the district court’s sentence of 41
months was “unreasonable,” and should have been even lower. We do not agree and, on
the contrary, believe that all things considered, the District Court’s sentence of 41 months
was “reasonable” as required by 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). The defendant, as stated, pled
guilty to the crime charged in the information, i.e., re-entry after having been deported
because of a conviction of an aggravated felony, i.e., second degree murder. Further, the
record indicates that the defendant had been arrested once before for re-entry into the
United States, resulting in a second deportation. True, defendant did have family ties and
responsibilities, but all things considered we conclude a sentence of imprisonment for 41
months meets the “reasonableness” requirement of 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). The sentence of
41 months is both “reasoned” and “reasonable.” See Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. at
2465; United States v. Angel-Guzman, 506 F.3d 1009 (10th Cir. 2007).
II.
Defendant on appeal also suggests that the sentence of 41 months violates the rule
of Rita v. United States, 127 S.Ct. 2456. Counsel claims that the District court failed to
follow the teaching of Rita that a District Court may not, and should not, “employ a
presumption in favor of a guideline sentence in connection with Section 3553(a).”
However, the District Court clearly understood its sentencing mandate under §3553(a)
and further, did not sentence defendant to a term of imprisonment within the applicable
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guideline range, but went below and gave a sentence of 41 months. We fail to see how a
sentence below the guideline range in any way infringes on the admitted rule that a
sentence within the guideline range on appeal is “presumptively reasonable.”
Judgment affirmed.
Entered for the Court
Robert H. McWilliams
Senior Circuit Judge
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