FILED
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
August 27, 2008
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
TENTH CIRCUIT
MURTAZA ALI,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v. No. 08-5033
WALTER DINWIDDIE, Warden at (D.C. No. 4:07-CV-00059-TCK-SAJ)
DCCC; STEVEN BECK, Warden at (N. D. Oklahoma)
MACC; ANITA TRAMMELL, Deputy
Warden at MACC; LEWIS McGEE,
Chief of Security at MACC; RONNIE
BOWEN, Captain at MACC; MATTHEW
HAMPTON, Officer at MACC; C. T.
HURD, Unit Manager at MACC;
RUSSELL GOLDEN, Hearing Officer at
MACC; PHILLIP WILSON, Hearing
Officer at MACC; THOMAS SHARP,
Warden’s Asst. at MACC; AL BLAIR,
Warden’s Assistant at DCCC; DEBBIE L.
MORTON, Designee for Director of
DOC; JOHN DOE, Unknown Employee,
Chief of Security at DCCC 01/2006; and
DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS,
STATE OF OKLAHOMA, The State of
Oklahoma, ex rel.,
Defendants-Appellees.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT*
*
This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of
law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its
persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
Before BRISCOE, MURPHY, and HARTZ, Circuit Judges.
After examining the briefs and the appellate record, this panel has determined that
oral argument would not materially assist in the determination of this appeal. See Fed. R.
App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). This case is therefore ordered submitted without
oral argument.
Murtaza Ali (Plaintiff), a state prisoner appearing pro se, appeals the district
court’s dismissal of his civil rights suit brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. We
exercise jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and REVERSE and REMAND.
Plaintiff brings several constitutional claims arising out of an incident which
occurred while he was incarcerated at the Mack Alford Correctional Center (MACC).
Plaintiff alleges that MACC correctional officer Matthew Hampton entered his cell,
insulted him using a racial epithet, ordered him to place his hands against the wall of the
cell, and proceeded to punch and kick him. Plaintiff claims that MACC personnel then
refused to provide him medical assistance to treat the injuries, and instead placed him in
segregated confinement. He was subsequently transferred to the Dick Conner
Correctional Center (DCCC) and placed in a unit with what he characterized as the most
dangerous and violent inmates in the prison.
The complaint names fifteen parties as defendants, including the State of
Oklahoma and the Department of Corrections (DOC). The other thirteen defendants were
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all employees of the DOC, and were sued in both their individual and official capacities.
Plaintiff’s alleges that: (1) MACC personnel were not adequately trained to look after his
safety and well being; (2) Defendant Hampton used excessive force against him; (3)
MACC personnel deliberately ignored his need for medical attention after the attack; (4)
his transfer to DCCC was an act of retaliation for his decision to file a civil rights lawsuit;
and (5) MACC’s disciplinary and grievance proceedings violated his right to substantive
and procedural due process.
In light of these allegations, the district court ordered the Department of
Corrections to prepare a Special Report reviewing Plaintiff’s complaint pursuant to this
court’s opinion in Martinez v. Aaron, 570 F.2d 317, 318-319 (10th Cir. 1978) (en banc)
(per curiam). Based on the report, the court found that
Hampton entered Plaintiff’s cell to investigate an odor coming from the
cell. Defendant Hampton observed that Plaintiff had slurred speech and
appeared intoxicated. Hampton asked Plaintiff to step out of the cell.
While Defendant Hampton was “pat searching” Plaintiff, a small plastic
baggie containing four (4) blue pills fell to the floor. As Hampton knelt
down to pick up the baggie of contraband, Plaintiff’s right shoulder struck
Hampton’s left shoulder, knocking the correctional officer back. Defendant
Hampton responded by using his arm to push Plaintiff away and
handcuffing him. . . . After being handcuffed, Plaintiff was taken to the
showers for a strip search, at which time Defendant Hampton and another
correctional officer noticed Plaintiff holding something in his hand.
Plaintiff refused an order to turn over the object in his hand, placed the
object in his mouth and swallowed. Plaintiff later admitted that he had
swallowed five Zanax pills. Plaintiff was then escorted to get medical
attention where duty nurse Pugh examined him. Nurse Pugh recommended
that Plaintiff be transported to the hospital for detox due to the unknown
quantity of drugs he had ingested. The nurse also filed a report of her
examination which indicated that she did not find any significant injuries
caused by the incident. Plaintiff was transported to Colgate Hospital and
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treated for potential drug overdose. Significantly, Plaintiff did not complain
of any injuries while at the hospital.
ROA, Doc. 57 at 6. The Special Report also indicated that Plaintiff was charged with
several disciplinary violations as a result of this incident, and was given a written notice
of the charges and was found guilty of the violations after a full hearing on the merits.
The district court relied upon the Eleventh Amendment to dismiss Plaintiff’s
claims against the State of Oklahoma and the DOC, as well as his claims for monetary
damages against the individual defendants sued in their official capacities. Plaintiff does
not challenge those rulings. Plaintiff does appeal the court’s denial of his motion to
amend his complaint, as well as the court’s entry of summary judgment in favor of the
defendants on all of his remaining claims.
“We review the denial of a motion to amend for abuse of discretion.” Anderson v.
Suiters, 499 F.3d 1228, 1238 (10th Cir. 2007). The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
provide that the district court “should freely give leave [to amend] when justice so
requires.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(2). “Refusing leave to amend is generally only justified
upon a showing of undue delay, undue prejudice to the opposing party, bad faith, or
dilatory motive, failure to cure deficiencies by amendments previously allowed, or futility
of the amendment.” Frank v. U.S. West, Inc., 3 F.3d 1357, 1365 (10th Cir. 1993).
Plaintiff filed two motions to amend his complaint, both of which sought to
conform his allegations to the evidentiary materials contained in the Martinez report. The
initial motion was actually a request for leave to file an amended complaint, and came
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twenty days after the filing of the Martinez report. The second motion to amend came
five months after the filing of the Martinez report. The district court denied both motions,
writing that “in light of the procedural posture of this case, the Court finds Plaintiff’s two
motions to file an amended complaint should be denied. Defendants have filed
dispositive motions based on the claims asserted by Plaintiff in the original complaint.
Resolution of Defendants’ pending motions would be further delayed if Plaintiff were
allowed to file either of the proposed amended complaints.” ROA, Doc. 57 at 20.
We conclude that the district court abused its discretion in denying Plaintiff’s
initial request for leave to file an amended complaint. While undue delay is a justification
for denying a motion to amend, the district court’s reliance upon undue delay in this case
is not supported. The Defendants’ motion to dismiss was filed on the same day as the
filing of the Martinez report. Twenty days after receiving the documentation contained in
the Martinez report, Plaintiff filed his motion to amend. Whatever delay would have been
created by allowing Plaintiff’s amendment, it was certainly not undue. To hold otherwise
would amount to a rule allowing an inmate to receive information contained in a Martinez
report, but not to allow the inmate to promptly amend his complaint upon learning of this
additional evidence. So while undue delay is a valid reason for denying leave to amend
in some cases, it is not a legitimate basis for denial here, where the Plaintiff filed a
prompt motion to amend upon receipt and review of the Martinez report.
This case differs from our opinion in Dopp v. Loring, 245 Fed. Appx. 842 (10th
Cir. 2007), where we affirmed a district court’s denial of a plaintiff’s Rule 15(a) motion
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in order to conform his complaint “to the subsequent pleadings and evidentiary materials,
particularly, the Martinez report,” based on “the fact the . . . Defendants had filed a
motion to dismiss based on the claims in the original complaint and resolution of that
motion would be delayed if [the plaintiff] were allowed to amend his complaint.” Id. at
850. In Dopp, we emphasized that “the request to amend came almost a year after the
Martinez report was filed.” Id. Here, the motion to amend was filed only twenty days
after the filing of the Martinez report. Unlike the inmate-plaintiff in Dopp, Plaintiff did
not create needless delay by waiting to file a motion to amend after a long period of time.
Plaintiff’s motion was filed promptly after he received the Martinez report.
Defendants argued in the district court that “[t]he proposed amendments requested
by Plaintiff would . . . be an exercise in futility since they do not add any new factual or
legal elements to Plaintiff’s already existing § 1983 claims.” See ROA, Doc. 34 at 3
(going on to note that “[i]f this court is inclined to grant Defendants’ pending Motion to
Dismiss . . ., then the inclusion of . . . additional factual allegations of the Plaintiff
contained in his Amended Complaint would be futile[.]”). The district court did not
address Defendants’ futility argument or directly discuss the substance of the proposed
amendments. We decline to affirm the district court’s dismissal on this alternative
rationale.
Plaintiff also argues that the district court should have allowed him to conduct
discovery, rather than relying on the Special Report prepared by the DOC, and requests
that we overrule our decision in Martinez authorizing that practice. We must decline
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Plaintiff’s invitation to overrule Martinez. See Barber v. T.D. Williamson, Inc., 254 F.3d
1223, 1229 (10th Cir. 2001) (noting that “one panel cannot overrule the judgment of
another panel of this court . . . absent en banc consideration or a superseding contrary
decision by the Supreme Court.”) (internal quotation omitted).
As we conclude that the district court abused its discretion by not allowing
Plaintiff to amend his complaint, we need not review the district court’s decision to grant
summary judgment in favor of the Defendants in their individual capacities on the
remaining claims. C.f. Crane v. Young, No. 95-7033, 1995 U.S. App. LEXIS 15169, at
*3 (10th Cir. June 20, 1995) (noting that an inmate’s civil rights complaint cannot be
dismissed before a proper ruling on a motion to amend).
REVERSED and REMANDED for further proceedings.
Entered for the court,
Mary Beck Briscoe
Circuit Judge
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