PHILIP G. MARCHANT & another
vs.
CATHERINE M. CONNELLY.
Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Norfolk.
December 5, 1956. February 4, 1957.Present: WILKINS, C.J., RONAN, WILLIAMS, COUNIHAN, & CUTTER, JJ.
Rupert L. Mapplebeck, for the defendant.
Ely H. Chayet, (Malcolm H. Flash with him,) for the plaintiffs.
COUNIHAN, J.
This is an action of tort in which the plaintiff Philip G. Marchant seeks to recover damages for *398 personal injuries sustained on June 2, 1952, at about 12:15 P.M. when he was struck by an automobile operated by the defendant on Sheldon Street, Quincy. In the same action Philip's father seeks consequential damages. The jury found for the plaintiffs and the case comes here upon the exception of the defendant to the denial of her motion for directed verdicts. There was no error.
The defendant lived at 85 Sheldon Street and Philip lived with his parents next door. The age of Philip does not appear in the record but he was attending nursery school. As one looked at these houses there was a driveway approximately eight feet wide to the left of each house. The frontage of each house lot was fifty-five feet.
Immediately before the accident the automobile had been parked in the Connelly driveway with its front facing the rear of the lot. At about 12:15 P.M. the defendant came out of her house with her son to drive him to kindergarten. Before she entered her automobile she looked to see if there were any children behind it and she walked out to the sidewalk to see if there were any children around and she saw none.
She entered the automobile with her son, started it and backed out of the driveway. When the front end of the automobile reached the sidewalk, she swung the front wheels to the left and straightened them out on Sheldon Street. When the automobile got straightened out she saw Philip and his brother come out of the Marchant driveway and stand on the sidewalk. Her vehicle was then moving slowly and she brought it to a stop when she saw Philip step off the sidewalk. Philip then crossed in front of her to the opposite side of the street and stood on the sidewalk. His brother remained where he was. She started up again and when she reached a point just beyond the front door of the Marchant house she heard something dragging under the front of the automobile. It sounded like a cardboard box. She brought the automobile to a stop just before she reached the driveway of the house of one Scavito which was next beyond the Marchant house. She was moving four to five miles an *399 hour and the distance she travelled from the time she started up, after seeing Philip cross in front of her, to the point where she heard something under her automobile was approximately fifty feet. Thereafter before coming to a stop she travelled approximately twenty feet. When she got out of her automobile she looked under it and saw Philip lying on the street under the automobile with his feet sticking out behind the right front wheel. She pulled him out and took him to the hospital.
At all times she was driving in the center of the street and looking straight ahead. There was nothing to obstruct her view straight ahead or to her right or left. Sheldon Street was about twenty-two feet wide. The defendant did not see Philip before he came in contact with the automobile after she had last seen him standing on the opposite side of the street. She did not know how the accident happened.
The mother of Philip testified that she saw the automobile operated by the defendant as it passed her house and it was moving at a rate of ten to twelve miles an hour. She also testified that the defendant did not say when she talked to her after the accident that she had seen Philip cross in front of her. The defendant "just said he was standing on the sidewalk."
In these circumstances we are of opinion that there was sufficient evidence on the question of the negligence of the defendant, which is the only issue before us, to warrant the submission of the case to the jury. "The plaintiff was not bound to show the exact particulars of the driver's negligence. He was entitled to go to the jury if he proved facts from which an inference of negligence could properly be drawn." West v. Linehan, 201 Mass. 499, 501.
The jury could reasonably find that having seen Philip, a child of tender years, cross in front of the defendant's automobile to go to the opposite side of the street, she might well expect that he might recross the street to get back to the sidewalk in front of his house. She kept looking straight ahead and apparently gave no further thought to Philip. Sheldon Street was only twenty-two feet wide and she was *400 travelling in the center of it. We think the defendant should have realized that if Philip did attempt to recross the street he would have to move less than ten feet before he would come in contact with her automobile.
If, however, as it appears, she drove about fifty feet before the point of impact, it would seem reasonable to believe that she should have seen Philip when he left the right hand sidewalk in time to have avoided the accident. In any event, had she seen Philip before the impact she could have brought the automobile to a full stop at the rate of speed she says she was travelling in time to have avoided dragging him at least twenty feet, which undoubtedly aggravated the injuries he received.
We think the case at bar more nearly resembles D'Ambrosia v. Brest, 302 Mass. 316, Birch v. Strout, 303 Mass. 28, DeLeo v. Jefferson, 331 Mass. 317, Mason v. Steinmetz, 332 Mass. 575, and Ruggiero v. Mello, 333 Mass. 295, than it does O'Reilly v. Sherman, 298 Mass. 571, Burke v. Durland, 312 Mass. 291, Cioffi v. Lowell, 316 Mass. 256, and Walker v. Bullard, 317 Mass. 288, upon which the defendant relies.
Exceptions overruled.