VERIZON NORTH, INC., and Contel of the South, Inc., d/b/a Verizon North Systems, Appellants,
v.
MICHIGAN PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION, Competitive Local Exchange Carriers Association of Michigan, SBC, Telecommunications Association of Michigan, AT&T Communications of Michigan, Inc., TCG Detroit, and WorldCom, Appellees.
Docket No. 246691.
Court of Appeals of Michigan.
Submitted September 8, 2004, at Lansing. Decided September 16, 2004, at 9:00 a.m. Released for Publication November 10, 2004.Honigman Miller Schwartz and Cohn L.L.P. (by Daniel J. Demlow and Daniel L. Stanley), Lansing, and A. Randall Vogelzang, Irving, TX, for Verizon North, Inc.
Michael A. Cox, Attorney General, Thomas L. Casey, Solicitor General, and David A. Voges and Michael A. Nickerson, Assistant Attorneys General, for Public Service Commission.
Clark Hill P.L.C. (by Roderick S. Coy, Leland R. Rosier, and Haran C. Rashes), Okemos, for Competitive Local Exchange Carriers Association of Michigan.
Dickinson Wright P.L.L.C. (by Michael A. Holmes, Jeffery V. Stuckey, and Jennifer L. Frye), Lansing, and Craig A. Anderson, Detroit, for SBC.
Loomis, Ewert, Parsley, Davis & Gotting, P.C. (by Harvey J. Messing and Sherri A. Wellman), Lansing, for Telecommunications Association of Michigan.
*710 Fischer, Franklin & Ford (by Arthur J. LeVasseur and George Hogg, Jr.), Detroit, and John J. Reidy, III, Chicago, IL, for AT&T Communications of Michigan, Inc., and TCG Detroit.
Dykema Gossett P.L.L.C. (by Albert Ernst, Robert J. Franzinger, and Christine Mason Soneral), Lansing, for WorldCom.
Before: SAWYER, P.J., and SAAD and O'CONNELL, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
Verizon North, Inc., and Contel of the South, Inc., appeal as of right from the order of the Public Service Commission promulgating quality of service rules concerning out-of-service repairs. We reverse.
The PSC issued a notice of hearing regarding new telecommunications quality of service rules that were to replace existing rules set to expire on September 1, 2001. A public hearing was held concerning the proposed rules, and the PSC subsequently published revised proposed rules. After another public hearing, the PSC adopted a modified version of the proposed rules in an August 20, 2002, opinion and order.
The Public Service Commission has no common-law powers. It possesses only the authority granted by the Legislature. Consumers Power Co. v. Pub. Service Comm., 460 Mich. 148, 155, 596 N.W.2d 126 (1999). Statutes are the primary source of administrative power; thus, whether an agency has a particular power is typically a matter of statutory construction. Alcona Co. v. Wolverine Environmental Production, Inc., 233 Mich.App. 238, 247-248, 590 N.W.2d 586 (1998). Although statutes granting authority to administrative agencies generally are strictly construed, due regard must be given to legislative intent and powers necessary to a full effectuation of authority expressly granted will be recognized. In re Quality of Service Standards for Regulated Telecommunication Services, 204 Mich.App. 607, 613, 516 N.W.2d 142 (1994).
The Michigan Telecommunications Act (MTA), MCL 484.2101 et seq.,[1] contains two provisions granting the PSC authority to promulgate regulations. Section 202 states:
In addition to the other powers and duties prescribed by this act, the commission shall do all of the following:
* * *
(c) Promulgate rules under section 213 and issue orders to establish and enforce quality standards for providing telecommunication services in this state. [MCL 484.2202].
Section 213 provides:
(1) Subject to section 201, the commission may promulgate rules under the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.201 to 24.328.
* * *
(3) If the Michigan supreme court rules that sections 45 and 46 of the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.245 and 24.246, are unconstitutional, and a statute requiring legislative review of administrative rules is not enacted within 90 days after the Michigan supreme court ruling, the commission shall not promulgate rules under this act.... [MCL 484.2213.]
*711 In Blank v. Dep't. of Corrections, 462 Mich. 103, 611 N.W.2d 530 (2000), decided June 20, 2000, the Supreme Court held that §§ 45 and 46 of the Administrative Procedures Act (APA) are unconstitutional. The amended MTA, 2000 PA 295, was enacted and given immediate effect on July 17, 2000, after the decision in Blank. This act did not contain the required language to empower the PSC to promulgate rules as required by § 213(3).
"When faced with questions of statutory interpretation, our obligation is to discern and give effect to the Legislature's intent as expressed in the words of the statute." Pohutski v. City of Allen Park, 465 Mich. 675, 683, 641 N.W.2d 219 (2002). Where the language is unambiguous, we presume that the Legislature intended the meaning clearly expressed, and no further judicial construction is required or permitted. DiBenedetto v. West Shore Hosp., 461 Mich. 394, 402, 605 N.W.2d 300 (2000). When parsing a statute, we presume every word is used for a purpose, and as far as possible, we give effect to every clause and sentence. Pohutski, supra at 683, 641 N.W.2d 219. We should take care to avoid a construction that renders any part of the statute surplusage or nugatory. In re MCI Telecommunications, 460 Mich. 396, 414, 596 N.W.2d 164 (1999).
The Legislature is presumed to be aware of appellate court decisions. Gordon Sel-Way, Inc. v. Spence Bros., Inc., 438 Mich. 488, 505-506, 475 N.W.2d 704 (1991). In this case, the Legislature specifically recognized the possibility that our Supreme Court could hold MCL 24.245 and MCL 24.246 to be unconstitutional. It provided that the PSC would retain the power to promulgate rules if a statute requiring legislative review of administrative rules were enacted within ninety days after such a Supreme Court decision. 2000 PA 295 was passed after the Supreme Court's decision in Blank, supra, but before the ninety-day period had expired.
The plain language of MCL 484.2213(3) expresses the Legislature's intent that the PSC shall not promulgate rules if MCL 24.245 and MCL 24.246 were found unconstitutional by the Supreme Court and no statute provided for legislative review of administrative rules was enacted within the ninety-day time period.[2] No legislation providing for legislative review of administrative rules was passed within ninety days of the decision in Blank, supra, and therefore the PSC lacked authority under the MTA to promulgate further rules. Therefore, the administrative rules in question are nullified.
Reversed.
DAVID H. SAWYER, HENRY WILLIAM SAAD and PETER D. O'CONNELL, concur.
NOTES
[1] The MTA was initially enacted in 1991 and reenacted with certain amendments in 2000 PA 295, effective July 17, 2000.
[2] We note that various sections of the APA were amended effective March 10, 2004. 2004 PA 23. Those amendments satisfy the legislative review requirement of MCL 484.2213(3). But because the amendments were enacted beyond the ninety-day deadline and because we believe they should not be given retrospective effect, see Etefia v. Credit Technologies, Inc., 245 Mich.App. 466, 474, 628 N.W.2d 577 (2001), the amendments do not validate post hoc the PSC's promulgation of the administrative rules at issue.