John Payne v. Bruce Pearson

Case: 10-60700 Document: 00511476960 Page: 1 Date Filed: 05/13/2011 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit FILED May 13, 2011 No. 10-60700 Summary Calendar Lyle W. Cayce Clerk JOHN ALVIN PAYNE, Petitioner-Appellant v. BRUCE PEARSON, Warden, Respondent-Appellee Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi USDC No. 5:10-CV-117 Before JOLLY, GARZA and STEWART, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM:* John Alvin Payne, federal prisoner # 85849-012, is serving a 50-year sentence for a conviction under the continuing criminal enterprise statute; four counts of distribution of cocaine; and three counts of structuring financial transactions to evade income reporting requirements. Payne filed a 28 U.S.C. § 2241 petition arguing that his counsel was ineffective for failing to argue “that fronting drugs [does] not constitute [a] managerial relationship for a conviction” under the continuing criminal enterprise statute. The district court determined * Pursuant to 5TH CIR . R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR . R. 47.5.4. Case: 10-60700 Document: 00511476960 Page: 2 Date Filed: 05/13/2011 No. 10-60700 that Payne could not proceed under § 2241 because his claim did not satisfy the requirements of the savings clause of 28 U.S.C. § 2255(e). The district court thus dismissed Payne’s § 2241 petition as frivolous and to the extent it was construed as a § 2255 motion, the district court dismissed it for lack of jurisdiction. Section 2255 provides the main vehicle to raise a collateral challenge to a federal sentence. Tolliver v. Dobre, 211 F.3d 876, 877 (5th Cir. 2000). Section 2255 relief is hence the appropriate remedy for “error[s] that occurred at or prior to sentencing.” Cox v. Warden, Fed. Detention Ctr., 911 F.2d 1111,1113 (5th Cir. 1990) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). In contrast, § 2241 is properly used to raise a challenge to “the manner in which a sentence is executed.” Tolliver, 211 F.3d at 877. A petition filed under § 2241 that raises errors “that occurr[ed] at trial or sentencing is properly construed [as arising] under § 2255.” Id. at 877-78. Payne is challenging alleged errors that happened at trial. As such, Payne’s claim must be raised in a § 2255 motion. See Cox, 911 F.2d at 1113. If a prisoner can demonstrate that the § 2255 remedy would be “’inadequate or ineffective to test the legality of [the prisoner’s] detention,’” he may be permitted to bring a habeas corpus claim pursuant to § 2241 under the savings clause. See Reyes-Requena v. United States, 243 F.3d 893, 901 (5th Cir. 2001) (quoting § 2255). [T]he savings clause of § 2255 applies to a claim (i) that is based on a retroactively applicable Supreme Court decision which establishes that the petitioner may have been convicted of a nonexistent offense and (ii) that was foreclosed by circuit law at the time when the claim should have been raised in the petitioner’s trial, appeal, or first § 2255 motion. Id. at 904. Payne has not shown that he is entitled to proceed under § 2241 based on the savings clause of § 2255(e). See Pack v. Yusuff, 218 F.3d 448, 452-53 (5th Cir 2000). The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. 2