United States v. Hernandez

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT No. 99-50942 Summary Calendar UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, versus LORETO HERNANDEZ, also known as Laredo Hernandez, Defendant-Appellant. -------------------- Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas USDC No. DR-99-CR-517-OG -------------------- August 31, 2000 Before SMITH, BENAVIDES, and DENNIS, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM:* Loreto Hernandez argues that the district court erred by denying his motion to suppress because the facts presented at the suppression hearing show that Border Patrol agents did not have a reasonable suspicion that Hernandez was involved in criminal activity. In the context of the denial of a motion to suppress, we review the district court's factual findings for clear error and the ultimate conclusion, that the facts supported a reasonable suspicion sufficient to justify an investigatory stop, de novo. United States v. Inocencio, 40 F.3d 716, 721 (5th Cir. * Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4. No. 99-50942 -2- 1994); United States v. Zapata-Ibarra, 212 F.3d 877, 881-82 (5th Cir. 2000). A roving Border Patrol agent may stop a vehicle if the agent's observations lead him reasonably to suspect that the occupants of a particular vehicle may be involved in criminal activity. See United States v. Brignoni-Ponce, 422 U.S. 873, 881 (1975). The factors to be taken into account in determining whether "reasonable suspicion" exists, include: the characteristics of the area; its proximity to the border; the usual patterns of traffic on a particular road and previous experience with alien traffic; information about recent illegal border crossings; the driver's behavior; and the vehicle's appearance, including the type vehicle, appearance of being heavily loaded, number of passengers, or passengers' behavior. Brignoni-Ponce, 422 U.S. at 884-885. The facts articulated by Agent Dale show a vehicle that was not normally in the area, that was not suited for ranch use, that was the type used by smugglers, that was traveling a known path for contraband, and that was apparently trying to avoid border checkpoints. These facts are specific and were articulated in clear terms. The district court did not err in concluding that all of the specific facts considered together supported the stop. See United States v. Aldaco, 168 F.3d 148, 150 (5th Cir. 1999). AFFIRMED.