Filed 12/10/13 P. v. Romero CA4/2
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION TWO
THE PEOPLE,
Plaintiff and Respondent, E057660
v. (Super.Ct.Nos. RIF1204513 &
RIF1205245)
ENRIQUE MURO ROMERO,
OPINION
Defendant and Appellant.
APPEAL from the Superior Court of Riverside County. Michael B. Donner,
Judge. Affirmed in part, reversed in part; remanded with directions.
Stephen M. Lathrop, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant
and Appellant.
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Dane R. Gillette, Chief Assistant Attorney
General, Julie L. Garland, Assistant Attorney General, and Michael T. Murphy and James
D. Dutton, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
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Following a jury trial, defendant Enrique Muro Romero was convicted of one
count of aggravated sexual assault of a child under the age of 14 (Pen. Code,1 § 269,
subd. (a)(4); count 1) and three counts of lewd or lascivious acts against a child under the
age of 14 (§ 288, subd. (a); counts 2, 3 & 4). The jury further found true the allegation
that defendant committed two or more violations of section 288, subdivision (a), against
more than one victim, within the meaning of the One Strike law (§ 667.61, subd. (e)(5).)
Defendant was sentenced to 15 years to life on each of the four counts, for an aggregate
term of 60 years to life. On appeal, he challenges his sentence and seeks correction of the
abstract of judgment.
I. FACTS
Because defendant’s contentions solely concern his sentence and award of custody
credits, we provide an abbreviated statement of facts. In 2005, defendant sexually
assaulted Jane Doe 3, his seven-year-old daughter, on five separate occasions when he
put his penis inside her vagina. That same year, he committed lewd or lascivious acts
upon Jane Doe 4, the six-year-old daughter of friends, in a pool. Separately, in 2011
defendant committed lewd or lascivious acts on both Jane Doe 2 and her friend, Jane Doe
1, when he was playing “hide and go seek” with them in Doe 2’s backyard.
II. CONSECUTIVE SENTENCES ON COUNTS 2, 3, AND 4
Defendant received three consecutive sentences of 15 years to life for his section
288, subdivision (a), offenses (counts 2, 3, and 4) under the One Strike law alternate
1 All further statutory references are to the Penal Code unless otherwise indicated.
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sentencing scheme. (§ 667.61.) He contends, and the People concede, that the trial court
incorrectly thought it had no discretion to impose concurrent sentences; however, the
People contend that remand is not necessary because (1) defendant has forfeited the issue,
(People v. Scott (1994) 9 Cal.4th 331, 353) and (2) “the record is clear that the trial court
would have imposed consecutive sentences even if it had known that it had the discretion
to impose concurrent sentences.” We do not accept the forfeiture claim, because it
appears that defendant’s counsel was equally ignorant of the court’s discretion. At
sentencing, defense counsel was asked if he or his client wished to address the court. In
response, counsel stated, “I don’t think the Court has any discretion, since we have four
different victims. By law, the Court has to impose the sentence he’s going to impose so I
have no comment.” Thus, we turn to the People’s second contention.
According to the People, the trial court’s following statement indicates that it
would have imposed consecutive sentences even if it had known that it had discretion to
impose concurrent sentences: “The factors that the Court took into consideration in
imposing the sentence were addressed but the sentences are mandatory. But this crime,
series of crimes against four different victims involved . . . great violence, great bodily
injury, threat of great bodily injury, and acts disclosing a very high degree of callousness.
The manner in which the crimes were carried out definitely indicated planning and
sophistication and the defendant absolutely took advantage of a position of trust and
confidence, particularly with what he did against his own daughter. [¶] The factors in
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mitigation: That he had no significant prior criminal history, and that he had prior
satisfactory performance on probation.”
However, we find this language fails to enable us to determine whether the court
understood it had discretion under the One Strike law to impose a concurrent, rather than
a consecutive, 15-year-to-life sentence for each of the three section 288, subdivision (a)
convictions, and, if it did, whether it exercised that discretion. The probation report
omitted any reference to the One Strike law (§ 667.61) in its sentencing recommendation.
Thus, it did not address the fact that the court had discretion to impose concurrent
indeterminate sentences under that sentencing scheme. As to counts 2 through 4,
inclusive, the probation report recommended that defendant be sentenced to a consecutive
upper determinate term of eight years for count 2, and for each count 3 and count 4,
consecutive determinate terms of two years, for a total of four years. Neither the People
nor defendant submitted any sentencing memoranda. As previously noted, defense
counsel apparently believed that the court had no discretion.
The court sentenced defendant as follows:
“The defendant was convicted of four different counts with an enhancement.
Count 1 was a violation of Penal Code Section 269(a)(4). Count 2 was a violation of
[section] 288(a). Count 3 was a violation of [section] 288(a). Count 4 was a violation of
[section] 288(a). And the special enhancement violation of Penal Code Section
667.61(e)(5) was found to be true.
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“Therefore, the sentence as to Count 1, which the Court will deem to be the
princip[al] count, is 15 years to life. A strike offense.
“As to Count 2, the sentence is a mandatory, pursuant to Penal Code Section
667.61(g), 15 years to life to run consecutively to Count 1.
“As to Count 3, the sentence is again pursuant to Penal Code Section 667.61(g), a
mandatory full and consecutive 15 to life sentence, to run consecutive to Counts 1 and 2.
“And as to Count 4, again, pursuant to Penal Code Section 667.61(g), a mandatory
full and consecutive 15 years to life.
“Therefore, the aggregate sentence is 60 years to life in state prison.
“Just to let the record be clear, the defendant is statutorily ineligible for probation.
It was not even considered. . . .”
The record shows the trial court imposed consecutive sentences under the
misapprehension that the One Strike law (§ 667.61) mandated full, consecutive
sentencing. However, the One Strike law does not explicitly mandate either consecutive
or concurrent sentencing, leaving that decision to the trial court’s discretion. (People v.
Rodiguez (2005) 130 Cal.App.4th 1257, 1262 [Fourth Dist., Div. Two] (Rodriquez).) In
Rodriguez, this court explained that section 669 sets forth the general rule that sentencing
courts have discretion to impose consecutive or concurrent sentences; however, it noted
the presumption in favor of discretion applies “[a]bsent an express statutory provision to
the contrary . . . .” (Rodriquez, supra, at p. 1262.)
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As both parties agree, the trial court retained discretion to impose either
consecutive or concurrent terms. (Rodriguez, supra, 130 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1262-1263.)
If a court is unaware of its sentencing discretion, the matter must be remanded except
where remand would be “an idle and unnecessary, if not pointless, judicial exercise.”
(People v. Coelho (2001) 89 Cal.App.4th 861, 889; see also People v. Deloza (1998) 18
Cal.4th 585, 599-600.) Here, the trial court imposed consecutive sentences under the
misapprehension that the One Strike law (§ 667.61) mandated consecutive sentencing.
Since there is no indication in this record that remand would be an idle act, we must
reverse this portion of the sentence and remand the matter to the trial court for
resentencing solely on the issue of whether, in the exercise of the court’s discretion,
defendant must serve those three indeterminate terms concurrently or consecutively. (See
People v. Coelho, supra, p. 889; Rodriguez, supra, at p. 1262.)
III. CUSTODY CREDITS AND ERRORS IN THE ABSTRACT OF JUDGMENT
Defendant contends, and the People concede, that he was entitled to presentence
custody credits of 371 days and that the abstract of judgment should be corrected to
accurately reflect this award of the credits, and that counts 3 and 4 were committed in
2011, not 2005.
A. Custody Credits
At sentencing, the trial court imposed sentence but failed to calculate defendant’s
presentence custody credits. The court minutes correctly ordered 323 actual days for
time served, plus 48 days of good custody credits, for a total of 371 days. The abstract of
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judgment incorrectly notes the total credits were 37 days. According to the probation
report, defendant was arrested on January 13, 2012, and he was sentenced on November
30, 2012, which results in 323 actual days and 48 good conduct days under section
2933.1,2 for a total of 371 days. The trial court erred in failing to award presentence
custody credits to defendant. Because the case is being remanded for resentencing on
counts 2, 3, and 4, we also order the court to remedy its error. Likewise, we direct the
clerk to correct the abstract of judgment.
B. The Year Counts 3 and 4 were Committed
Finally, the abstract of judgment stated that counts 3 and 4 were committed in
2005. However, these two counts were actually committed in 2011. It is evident that the
superior court clerk inadvertently erred in recording the year in which counts 3 and 4
were committed. Generally, a clerical error is one inadvertently made. (People v. Schultz
(1965) 238 Cal.App.2d 804, 808.) A court “has the inherent power to correct clerical
errors in its records so as to make these records reflect the true facts. [Citations.]” (In re
Candelario (1970) 3 Cal.3d 702, 705.) Accordingly, we direct the clerk to correct the
abstract of judgment.
2 When a defendant is sentenced to an indeterminate term for a violent felony
(§ 667.5), he or she is entitled to presentence custody credits for actual time served plus
good conduct credits under section 2933.1, of no more than 15 percent of the actual days.
(People v. Duff (2010) 50 Cal.4th 787, 793-794; §§ 2900.5, subd. (d), 2933.1, subds. (a)
& (c), 4019.)
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IV. DISPOSITION
The imposed sentence on counts 2, 3 and 4 is reversed and the matter is remanded.
The trial court is directed to conduct a new sentencing hearing, where it may exercise its
discretion in selecting between consecutive and concurrent sentences on counts 2, 3, and
4, and include an award custody credits. An amended abstract of judgment should reflect
custody credits of 371 days and correctly state that counts 3 and 4 were committed in
2011. The amended abstract of judgment shall be forwarded to the Department of
Corrections and Rehabilitation. In all other respects, the judgment is affirmed.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
HOLLENHORST
J.
We concur:
RAMIREZ
P.J.
KING
J.
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