United States v. Ramirez-Mendoza

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT No. 01-10508 Summary Calendar UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Plaintiff - Appellee v. ROGELIO RAMIREZ-MENDOZA Defendant - Appellant -------------------- Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas USDC No. 4:00-CR-232-1 -------------------- January 15, 2002 Before KING, Chief Judge, and DAVIS and EMILIO M. GARZA, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM:* Rogelio Ramirez-Mendoza appeals the district court’s denial of a motion to withdraw his guilty plea to a violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326. Ramirez-Mendoza contends that the district court applied an erroneous standard and abused its discretion. Ramirez-Mendoza asserts that the district court focused on his actual innocence and on the validity of documents that he provided in support of his contention that he had discovered a defense to the 8 U.S.C. § 1326 prosecution after entry of the plea. Ramirez-Mendoza contends that the United States v. Carr, * Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4. No. 01-10508 -2- 740 F.2d 339, 343-44 (5th Cir. 1984), factors weigh in favor of granting the motion to withdraw. The district court may grant a motion to withdraw a plea filed prior to sentencing if the defendant shows “any fair and just reason.” Fed. R. Crim. P. 32(e). We review the district court’s denial of a motion to withdraw a plea for an abuse of discretion. United States v. Brewster, 137 F.3d 853, 857 (5th Cir. 1998). In its evaluation of a motion to withdraw a plea, the district court should consider the defendant’s assertion of innocence; the prejudice to the Government; the defendant’s delay in filing the motion; the inconvenience to the court; the close assistance of counsel; the knowing and voluntary nature of the plea; and the potential waste of judicial resources. Id. (citing Carr, 740 F.2d at 343-44). The absence of express findings on each factor does not establish an abuse of discretion. United States v. Badger, 925 F.2d 101, 104 (5th Cir. 1991). No single factor or combination mandates a particular result; the decision is based on the totality of the circumstances. Id. A claim of innocence does not alone warrant the withdrawal of a guilty plea. Carr, 740 F.2d at 344. Ramirez-Mendoza based his claim of innocence and his assertion that his plea was unknowing and involuntary on the strength of his potential defense to the 8 U.S.C. § 1326 offense. The district court did not apply an erroneous standard by evaluating the viability of Ramirez-Mendoza’s asserted defense. See Carr, 740 F.2d at 343-47. The district court’s findings are No. 01-10508 -3- supported by the record and are not clearly erroneous. Millard v. Lynaugh, 810 F.2d 1403, 1406 (5th Cir. 1987). Ramirez- Mendoza’s belief that he had obtained consent to reapply for admission to the United States is not a defense recognized by law. United States v. Asibor, 109 F.3d 1023, 1036 (5th Cir. 1997). The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying Ramirez-Mendoza’s motion to withdraw the guilty plea. Badger, 925 F.2d at 104; Carr, 740 F.2d at 343-44. Accordingly, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.