United States v. Hyun Ju Lee

NOT FOR PUBLICATION UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FILED FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT FEB 13 2014 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 12-35170 Plaintiff - Appellee, D.C. Nos. 2:11-cv-00127-FVS 2:02-cr-00221-FVS v. HYUN JU LEE, MEMORANDUM* Defendant - Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington Fred L. Van Sickle, District Judge, Presiding Submitted February 5, 2014** Seattle, Washington Before: FISHER, GOULD and CHRISTEN, Circuit Judges. Hyun Ju Lee appeals the district court’s order denying her petition for a writ of coram nobis. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we vacate and remand. * This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3. ** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). Lee concedes that she is not entitled to relief under Padilla v. Kentucky, 559 U.S. 356 (2010), because Padilla does not apply retroactively to her case. See Chaidez v. United States, 133 S. Ct. 1103 (2013). She contends, however, that she is entitled to relief under United States v. Kwan, 407 F.3d 1005 (9th Cir. 2005), abrogated on other grounds by Padilla v. Kentucky, 559 U.S. 356 (2010). The government has raised no procedural objections to Lee’s reliance on Kwan. To obtain relief under Kwan, Lee must show: (1) that “counsel has not merely failed to inform, but has effectively misled, his client about the immigration consequences of a conviction,” id. at 1015; and (2) “‘there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s errors, [s]he would not have pleaded guilty and would have insisted on going to trial,’” Smith v. Mahoney, 611 F.3d 978, 986 (9th Cir. 2010) (quoting Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 59 (1985)). The district court found the second of these requirements satisfied here, finding that “Ms. Lee would not have accepted the plea agreement that was offered by the government had she clearly understood a plea of guilty would result in her removal from the United States.” As this finding is not clearly erroneous, we sustain it on appeal. See Leavitt v. Arave, 646 F.3d 605, 608 (9th Cir. 2011). Because the court was focused on the Padilla standard rather than the Kwan standard, however, the court made no finding as to whether Lee satisfied the first requirement. Accordingly, we vacate 2 the district court’s order denying the writ and remand for the district court to address whether Lee can satisfy the deficient performance prong under Kwan. We leave it to the district court’s discretion whether to make this finding on the existing record or to consider additional evidence. Each party shall bear its own costs on appeal. VACATED AND REMANDED. 3