UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
___________________________________
)
RANDOLPH S. KOCH, )
)
Plaintiff, )
)
v. ) Civil Action No. 11-1645 (PLF)
)
ERIC HOLDER, JR., )
Attorney General of the United States. )
)
Defendant. )
___________________________________ )
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
On March 13, 2013, the Court granted the defendant’s motion to dismiss
plaintiff’s complaint in this employment discrimination matter. Koch v. Holder, 930 F. Supp. 2d
14 (D.D.C. 2013). The plaintiff has moved for reconsideration pursuant to Rule 59(e) of the
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Upon careful consideration of the parties’ arguments, this
Court’s March 13, 2013 decision, and the entire record in this case, the Court will deny
plaintiff’s motion. 1
Motions for reconsideration under Rule 59(e) of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure “need not be granted unless the district court finds that there is an intervening change
of controlling law, the availability of new evidence, or the need to correct a clear error or prevent
manifest injustice.” Dyson v. District of Columbia, 710 F.3d 415, 420 (D.C. Cir. 2013) (quoting
1
The papers reviewed in connection with the pending motion include the
following: plaintiff’s civil complaint (“Compl.”) [Dkt. No. 1]; defendant’s motion to dismiss
[Dkt. No. 6]; plaintiff’s motion for reconsideration [Dkt. No. 22]; defendant’s opposition to
plaintiff’s motion for reconsideration [Dkt. No. 24], and this Court’s Memorandum Opinion
dismissing plaintiff’s complaint [Dkt. No. 21], cited as Koch v. Holder, 930 F. Supp. 2d 14
(D.D.C. 2013)).
Ciralsky v. CIA, 355 F.3d 661, 671 (D.C. Cir. 2004)). Rule 59(e) motions “may not be used . . .
to raise new arguments or present evidence that could have been raised prior to the entry of
judgment.” Niedermeier v. Office of Max S. Baucus, 153 F. Supp. 2d 23, 28 (D.D.C. 2001)
(internal quotation omitted); see also MDB Commc’ns, Inc. v. Hartford Casualty Ins. Co., 531 F.
Supp. 2d 75, 79 (D.D.C. 2008). Motions for reconsideration are disfavored and are “granted
only when the moving party establishes extraordinary circumstances.” Solomon v. Univ. of
Southern California, 255 F.R.D. 303, 305 (D.D.C. 2009) (quoting Niedermeier v. Office of Max
S. Baucus, 153 F. Supp. 2d at 28).
The Court notes at the outset that the plaintiff, Randolph S. Koch, attempts in his
motion “to raise new arguments . . . that could have been raised prior to the entry of judgment.”
Niedermeier v. Office of Max S. Baucus, 153 F. Supp. 2d at 28. The government filed the
motion to dismiss on March 14, 2012. The Court subsequently granted Mr. Koch several
extensions of time within which to oppose the government’s motion. See Minute Order dated
November 19, 2012; Minute Order dated November 28, 2012; Minute Order dated January 7,
2013. On February 15, 2013, the Court directed Mr. Koch to file his opposition no later than
February 28, 2013, and informed him of the risks of failing to respond. See Mem. Op. & Order,
Dkt. No. 19. But Mr. Koch did not submit any response by this deadline. It was only after the
Court rendered a decision in the government’s favor that Mr. Koch responded to the motion to
dismiss, via his motion for reconsideration. The plaintiff cannot distort the legal process by
seeking consideration now of legal arguments that he declined to make in the first instance. 2
2
The Court notes that while Mr. Koch is proceeding pro se, he has been trained as
an attorney and has submitted briefs in opposition to dispositive motions in numerous other
cases. See, e.g., Plaintiff’s Memorandum in Support of His Opposition to Defendant’s Motion to
Dismiss, Civil Action No. 08-1521, Dkt. No. 62; Plaintiff’s Memorandum of Points and
Authorities to Defendant’s Dispositive Motion, Civil Action No. 10-0150, Dkt. No. 33.
2
Furthermore, Mr. Koch’s belated objections lack merit. In his complaint, Mr.
Koch asserted that the Department of Justice had unlawfully discriminated against him on the
basis of his age, race, religion, and disability, and had retaliated against him based on his
protected activity, in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e et seq.;
sections 501 and 505 of the Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. §§ 791 et seq.; and the Age
Discrimination in Employment Act, 29 U.S.C. §§ 621 et seq. Compl. ¶¶ 3, 20-34. These
statutes protect employees or applicants for employment from discrimination with regard to
“terms, conditions, and privileges of employment.” 42 U.S.C. § 12112(a) (ADA); see also 42
U.S.C. § 2000e–2(a)(1) (Title VI); 29 U.S.C. § 623(a)(1) (ADEA).
Mr. Koch has made no allegation that he ever worked or applied for employment
at the Department of Justice. Instead, Mr. Koch’s claims arise from events surrounding
discovery proceedings for another employment discrimination case, which plaintiff brought
against the Securities and Exchange Commission in 2002. See Koch v. Schapiro, Civil Action
No. 02-1492. Mr. Koch alleges that during a deposition conducted by an SEC attorney and an
Assistant United States Attorney, the Assistant U.S. Attorney asked questions that were
“improper” and “beyond the scope of permissible discovery.” Compl. ¶ 8.
As the Court noted in its March 13, 2012 decision, an individual who neither
worked for nor sought employment with a federal agency may only bring a claim under the
employment discrimination statutes against that agency in very limited circumstances. In
essence, such a claim will survive only upon a showing that the defendant agency exercised
some degree of control over plaintiff’s employment. Koch v. Holder, 930 F. Supp. 2d at
17 (citing Sibley Memorial Hospital v. Wilson, 488 F.2d 1338, 1342 (D.C. Cir. 1973)). But Mr.
Koch has alleged no facts to support an inference that the Department of Justice maintained or
3
exercised control over any aspect of his employment. See Compl. ¶¶ 5-10. 3 The Court
therefore concluded that Mr. Koch had failed to state a claim under the employment
discrimination statutes. Koch v. Holder, 930 F. Supp. 2d at 17. The cases cited by plaintiff in
his motion for reconsideration are inapposite, and the Court finds no basis for reconsidering its
decision to dismiss the complaint in this case.
Accordingly, it is hereby
ORDERED that [Dkt. No. 22] Mr. Koch’s motion for reconsideration is
DENIED; and it is
FURTHER ORDERED that [Dkt. No. 22] Mr. Koch’s belated motion for an
extension of time to respond to the defendant’s motion to dismiss is DENIED AS MOOT.
SO ORDERED.
/s/____________________________
PAUL L. FRIEDMAN
DATE: January 23, 2014 United States District Judge
3
Moreover, although Mr. Koch alleges that information disclosed in this deposition
led to a retaliatory investigation launched by the SEC, he fails to allege any facts to support an
inference that the Department of Justice, the sole defendant in this case, acted with
discriminatory or retaliatory purpose.
4
Koch v. Holder
Combined Opinion