State of New York
Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Third Judicial Department
Decided and Entered: July 31, 2014 518112
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In the Matter of YOGA VIDA
NYC, INC.,
Appellant.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
COMMISSIONER OF LABOR,
Respondent.
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Calendar Date: June 9, 2014
Before: Peters, P.J., Stein, Garry, Lynch and Devine, JJ.
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Andrew S. Goldman, Baltimore, Maryland, for appellant.
Eric T. Schneiderman, Attorney General, Albany (Mary Hughes
of counsel), for respondent.
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Appeal from a decision of the Unemployment Insurance Appeal
Board, filed June 19, 2013, which assessed Yoga Vida NYC, Inc.
for additional unemployment insurance contributions.
Yoga Vida NYC, Inc. operates yoga studios in Manhattan.
Instructors are either recruited by Yoga Vida's president,
Michael Patton, or they contact him after hearing about the
company through word of mouth. In May 2010, the Department of
Labor concluded that the instructors were employees of Yoga Vida
and assessed additional unemployment insurance contributions
against it. The Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board ultimately
agreed, and this appeal ensued.
We affirm. The finding that "an employer-employee
relationship exists is a factual determination for the Board, and
its decision will be upheld if supported by substantial evidence"
(Matter of John Lack Assoc., LLC [Commissioner of Labor], 112
-2- 518112
AD3d 1042, 1043 [2013]; see Matter of Concourse Ophthalmology
Assoc. [Roberts], 60 NY2d 734, 736 [1983]). As a general matter,
an employer-employee relationship exists when the evidence shows
that "the employer exercised control over the results produced or
the means used to achieve those results, with the latter being
more important" (Matter of Anwer [Exclusive Fragrance &
Cosmetics, Inc.–Commissioner of Labor], 114 AD3d 1114, 1115
[2014]; see Matter of John Lack Assoc., LLC [Commissioner of
Labor], 112 AD3d at 1043).
Classes were held in Yoga Vida's studios and students were
solicited by the company. Yoga Vida published class schedules on
its website and set the duration of each class. Instructors were
compensated by check according to a negotiated rate, with some
instructors preferring a set rate for each class and others
electing to take a percentage of the fees that were collected
from students who attended classes. Patton averred that the
instructors were an integral part of Yoga Vida's business (see
Matter of Professional Career Ctr., Inc. [Commissioner of Labor],
105 AD3d 1219, 1220 [2013]), and he personally ensured that they
were properly certified and had adequate training and expertise
to conduct classes. While Yoga Vida disputed that it supervised
the instructors, Patton conceded that he would personally address
instructors regarding their manner of instruction if it posed a
risk of injury to the students or if they were otherwise engaged
in conduct that he found objectionable. Overall, despite the
existence of evidence that could result in a contrary result, the
record contains substantial evidence to support the Board's
decision that Yoga Vida had sufficient control over the
instructors' work, thereby allowing for a finding of an employer-
employee relationship (see Matter of Anwer [Exclusive Fragrance &
Cosmetics, Inc.–Commissioner of Labor], 114 AD3d at 1115; Matter
of Human Performance, Inc. [Commissioner of Labor], 28 AD3d 971,
972 [2006]; Matter of Fitness Plus [Commissioner of Labor], 293
AD2d 909, 910 [2002]).
Peters, P.J., Stein, Garry, Lynch and Devine, JJ., concur.
-3- 518112
ORDERED that the decision is affirmed, without costs.
ENTER:
Robert D. Mayberger
Clerk of the Court