Hernandez v. Ohio Dept. of Transp.-Dist. 8

[Cite as Hernandez v. Ohio Dept. of Transp.-Dist. 8, 2011-Ohio-6983.] Court of Claims of Ohio The Ohio Judicial Center 65 South Front Street, Third Floor Columbus, OH 43215 614.387.9800 or 1.800.824.8263 www.cco.state.oh.us JENNIFER HERNANDEZ Plaintiff v. OHIO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION-DISTRICT 8 Defendant Case No. 2011-08385-AD Deputy Clerk Daniel R. Borchert MEMORANDUM DECISION {¶1} In her complaint, plaintiff, Jennifer Hernandez, stated that on October 15, 2010, at approximately 2:45 p.m. she was traveling south on Interstate 71 “right before the Reagan highway exit, when the car in front of me ran over a block of what I believe was wood. This piece then hit my drivers side mirror knocking off the plastic housing and popping the mirror off.” The propelled object also caused a scratch on the driver’s side door below the mirror. Plaintiff implied that the damage to the automobile was proximately caused by negligence on the part of defendant, Department of Transportation (ODOT), in failing to maintain the roadway free of hazardous debris conditions. Plaintiff filed this complaint seeking to recover $92.56, which represents the total cost of related expense associated with having her car repaired. The $25.00 filing fee was paid. {¶2} Defendant denied liability based on the contention that no ODOT personnel had any knowledge of the damage-causing debris condition prior to plaintiff’s incident. Defendant located the debris at milepost 14.13 on I-71 in Hamilton County. Defendant asserted plaintiff failed to establish the length of time the debris existed on the roadway prior to her property-damage event. Defendant suggested, “that the debris existed in that location for only a relatively short amount of time before plaintiff’s incident.” Defendant contended plaintiff failed to establish the damage-causing debris condition was attributable to any conduct on the part of ODOT. Plaintiff did not file a response. {¶3} For plaintiff to prevail on a claim of negligence, she must prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that defendant owed her a duty, that it breached that duty, and that the breach proximately caused her injuries. Armstrong v. Best Buy Company, Inc., 99 Ohio St. 3d 79, 2003-Ohio-2573,¶8 citing Menifee v. Ohio Welding Products, Inc. (1984), 15 Ohio St. 3d 75, 77, 15 OBR 179, 472 N.E. 2d 707. Plaintiff has the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, that she suffered a loss and that this loss was proximately caused by defendant’s negligence. Barnum v. Ohio State University (1977), 76-0368-AD. However, “[i]t is the duty of a party on whom the burden of proof rests to produce evidence which furnishes a reasonable basis for sustaining his claim. If the evidence so produced furnishes only a basis for a choice among different possibilities as to any issue in the case, he fails to sustain such burden.” Paragraph three of the syllabus in Steven v. Indus. Comm. (1945), 145 Ohio St. 198, 30 O.O. 415, 61 N.E. 2d 198, approved and followed. {¶4} Defendant has the duty to maintain its highways in a reasonably safe condition for the motoring public. Knickel v. Ohio Department of Transportation (1976), 49 Ohio App. 2d 335, 3 O.O. 3d 413, 361 N.E. 2d 486. However, defendant is not an insurer of the safety of its highways. See Kniskern v. Township of Somerford (1996), 112 Ohio App. 3d 189, 678 N.E. 2d 273; Rhodus v. Ohio Dept. of Transp. (1990), 67 Ohio App. 3d 723, 588 N.E. 2d 864. {¶5} Alternatively, defendant denied that ODOT maintained its roadways negligently. Ordinarily to prove a breach of the duty to maintain the highways, plaintiff must prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that defendant had actual or constructive notice of the precise condition or defect alleged to have caused the accident. McClellan v. ODOT (1986), 34 Ohio App. 3d 247, 517 N.E. 2d 1388. Defendant is only liable for roadway conditions of which it has notice, but fails to reasonably correct. Bussard v. Dept. of Transp. (1986), 31 Ohio Misc. 2d 1, 31 OBR 64, 507 N.E. 2d 1179. Plaintiff provided insufficient evidence to show that any ODOT activity caused the debris condition. {¶6} Generally, in order to recover in any suit involving injury proximately caused by roadway conditions including debris, plaintiff must prove that either: 1) defendant had actual or constructive notice of the debris and failed to respond in a reasonable time or responded in a negligent manner, or 2) that defendant, in a general sense, maintains its highways negligently. Denis v. Department of Transportation (1976), 75-0287-AD. Plaintiff has not produced any evidence to indicate the length of time that the debris was present on the roadway prior to the incident forming the basis of this claim. Additionally, the trier of fact is precluded from making an inference of defendant’s constructive notice, unless evidence is presented in respect to the time that the debris appeared on the roadway. Spires v. Ohio Highway Department (1988), 61 Ohio Misc. 2d 262, 577 N.E. 2d 458. There is no indication that defendant had constructive notice of the debris. {¶7} Plaintiff has not produced any evidence to infer that defendant, in a general sense, maintains its highways negligently or that defendant’s acts caused the debris to be on the roadway. Herlihy v. Ohio Department of Transportation (1999), 99- 07011-AD. {¶8} In her complaint, plaintiff acknowledged the debris plaintiff’s car struck was displaced by a third party, another motorist. Defendant has denied liability based on the particular premise it had no duty to control the conduct of a third person except in cases where a special relationship exists between defendant and either plaintiff or the person whose conduct needs to be controlled. Federal Steel & Wire Corp. v. Ruhlin Const. Co. (1989), 45 Ohio St. 3d 171, 543 N.E. 2d 769, Jordan v. Ohio Dept. of Transp., Dist. 8, Ct. of Cl. No. 2010-01336-AD, 2010-Ohio-4583. However, defendant may still bear liability if it can be established some act or omission on the part of ODOT was the proximate cause of plaintiff’s injury. No evidence has been presented to establish the damage claimed was proximately caused by any act or omission on the part of ODOT. Consequently, plaintiff’s claim shall be denied. Court of Claims of Ohio The Ohio Judicial Center 65 South Front Street, Third Floor Columbus, OH 43215 614.387.9800 or 1.800.824.8263 www.cco.state.oh.us JENNIFER HERNANDEZ Plaintiff v. OHIO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION-DISTRICT 8 Defendant Case No. 2011-08385-AD Deputy Clerk Daniel R. Borchert ENTRY OF ADMINISTRATIVE DETERMINATION Having considered all the evidence in the claim file and, for the reasons set forth in the memorandum decision filed concurrently herewith, judgment is rendered in favor of defendant. Court costs are assessed against plaintiff. ________________________________ DANIEL R. BORCHERT Deputy Clerk Entry cc: Jennifer Hernandez Jerry Wray, Director 7495 Winchester Lane, B Department of Transportation Maineville, Ohio 45039 1980 West Broad Street Columbus, Ohio 43223 9/15 Filed 9/28/11 Sent to S.C. reporter 2/6/12