[Cite as CitiMortgage, Inc. v. Eschbaugh, 2012-Ohio-5140.]
COURT OF APPEALS
FAIRFIELD COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JUDGES:
CITIMORTGAGE, INC. : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P.J.
: Hon. John W. Wise, J.
Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. Julie A. Edwards, J.
:
-vs- :
: Case No. 2012-CA-21
KEITH D. ESCHBAUGH, ET AL :
:
Defendants-Appellants : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Civil appeal from the Fairfield County Court
of Common Pleas, Case No. 06CV0587
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: November 1, 2012
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendants-Appellants
HARRY FINKE MARC DANN
GRAYDON HEAD & RITCHEY LLP GRACE DOBERDRUK
1900 Fifth Third Center 4600 Prospect Avenue
511 Walnut Street Cleveland, OH 44103
Cincinnati, OH 45202
[Cite as CitiMortgage, Inc. v. Eschbaugh, 2012-Ohio-5140.]
Gwin, P.J.
{¶1} Defendants-appellants Keith and Debra Eschbaugh appeal a judgment of
the Court of Common Pleas of Fairfield County, Ohio, which overruled their motion to
vacate the court’s prior judgment entered in favor of plaintiff-appellee CitiMortgage, Inc.
Appellants assign a single error to the trial court:
{¶2} “I. IT WAS AN ABUSE OF DISCRETION FOR THE TRIAL COURT TO
DENY APPELLANTS’ 60(B) MOTION TO VACATE WITHOUT HOLDING A HEARING.”
{¶3} The record indicates appellee filed its complaint in foreclosure on June 8,
2006. Appellee alleged it is the holder of the Note executed by appellants, but it did not
attach a copy of the note and mortgage to the complaint as required by Civ. R. 10 (D).
On July 26, 2006, appellants filed an answer to the complaint.
{¶4} On August 11, 2006, appellee filed a motion for summary judgment,
including an affidavit in support which stated it was the holder of the Note, although
appellee did not attach a copy of the Note to the affidavit. Appellants did not respond to
the motion for summary judgment, but instead, on about October 2006 they filed a
Chapter 13 bankruptcy petition which stayed the foreclosure action. In May 2009, the
bankruptcy court dismissed the Chapter 13 proceeding for failure to comply with the
terms of the plan.
{¶5} The trial court restored the foreclosure action to its active docket and
scheduled a new hearing on the pending motion for summary judgment on October 21,
2009. Appellants did not respond to the motion and the trial court entered summary
judgment in appellee’s favor on December 15, 2009. The court ordered the property
Fairfield County, Case No. 2012-CA-21 3
sold at a sheriff’s sale, but on March 31, 2010, appellants filed a second Chapter 13
bankruptcy petition, which again stayed the foreclosure action.
{¶6} On January 12, 2012 the bankruptcy court dismissed the Chapter 13
proceeding. The court returned the foreclosure action to its active docket and
appellants then filed their motion for relief from judgment under Civ. R. 60 (B)(5).
{¶7} Civ. R. 60 states:
(B) Mistakes; inadvertence; excusable neglect; newly discovered evidence;
fraud; etc
On motion and upon such terms as are just, the court may relieve a party
or his legal representative from a final judgment, order or proceeding for
the following reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise or excusable
neglect; (2) newly discovered evidence which by due diligence could not
have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule 59(B); (3)
fraud (whether heretofore denominated intrinsic or extrinsic),
misrepresentation or other misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the
judgment has been satisfied, released or discharged, or a prior judgment
upon which it is based has been reversed or otherwise vacated, or it is no
longer equitable that the judgment should have prospective application; or
(5) any other reason justifying relief from the judgment. The motion shall
be made within a reasonable time, and for reasons (1), (2) and (3) not
more than one year after the judgment, order or proceeding was entered
or taken. A motion under this subdivision (B) does not affect the finality of
a judgment or suspend its operation.
Fairfield County, Case No. 2012-CA-21 4
{¶8} In order to prevail on a motion for relief from judgment pursuant to Civ.R.
60(B), the movant must demonstrate: (1) a meritorious claim or defense; (2) entitlement
to relief under one of the grounds stated in Civ.R. 60(B)(1) through (5); and (3)
timeliness of the motion. GTE Automatic Electric v. ARC Industries, 47 Ohio St.2d 146,
351 N.E.2d 113 (1976), paragraph two of the syllabus. If any of these three
requirements is not met, the motion must be overruled. Svoboda v. Brunswick, 6 Ohio
St.3d 348, 351, 406, 453 N.E.2d 648, 651 (1983).
{¶9} The decision to grant or deny a Civ.R. 60(B) motion lies within the sound
discretion of the trial court and will not be reversed on appeal absent an abuse of
discretion. Strack v. Pelton, 70 Ohio St.3d 172, 174, 637 N.E.2d 914 (1994). The term
“abuse of discretion” implies that the court's attitude was unreasonable, arbitrary or
unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 219, 450 N.E.2d 1140
(1983). Appellants brought the motion under Civ.R. 60(B)(5), which is not subject to the
one-year limitation. Appellants argued the motion was timely because the matter had
been stayed by the bankruptcy court.
{¶10} Civ. R. 60(B)(5) applies only when a more specific provision does not
apply. Caruso-Ciresi, Inc. v. Lohman, 5 Ohio St.3d 64, 66, 448 N.E.2d 1365 (1983).
Appellants brought their motion under subsection (5), although their brief asserts both
that appellee did not prove standing to bring the action, and also that appellee
perpetrated a fraud on the court by alleging it was the holder of the note when in fact it
did not produce it. Allegations of fraud are properly brought under Civ.R. 60(B)(3), which
is subject to the one-year limitation.
Fairfield County, Case No. 2012-CA-21 5
{¶11} The trial court addressed the matter only on the law regarding subsection
(5), and we will do likewise. Thus, the question of whether appellants’ motion was timely
is whether it was reasonable under the facts and circumstances of the case. Colley v.
Bazell, 64 Ohio St.2d 243, 249-250, 416 N.E.2d 605 (1980).
{¶12} The trial court found the motion was untimely. The court noted that unlike
many Civ. R. 60(B) movants, appellants were represented throughout the course of the
action and had filed a timely answer to the complaint. The court found seven months
passed between the dismissal of the first Chapter 13 petition and the court’s entry of
summary judgment against appellants. Another two months had passed after the entry
of judgment before the action was stayed in the second Chapter 13 petition. Appellants
never filed a response to the motion for summary judgment.
{¶13} We find the trial court did not abuse its discretion in finding the motion was
untimely.
{¶14} Appellants also argue the court erred in not conducting a hearing before
ruling on their motion. Because the trial court found the motion was untimely, it did not
address the merits of the motion. We find no error herein.
{¶15} Finally, the trial court noted Civ. R. 60 (B) is not a substitute for a direct
appeal or to challenge the merits of the court’s decision. Blasco v. Mislik, 69 Ohio St. 2d
684, 686, 433 N.E. 2d 612 (1982). The December 15, 2009 summary judgment was a
final appealable order which could have been brought before this court. Appellants do
not argue they are entitled to relief from the judgment because they were unaware or
otherwise unable to perfect a timely appeal. Their second bankruptcy petition was filed
Fairfield County, Case No. 2012-CA-21 6
some three one-half months after the entry of the summary judgment, well after the time
for appeal had run.
{¶16} We find the trial court did not err in determining appellants’ motion
pursuant to Civ. R. 60 (B) was untimely given the particular facts and circumstances of
the case. For this reason, the court did not err in failing to conduct a hearing on the
merits of the motion.
{¶17} The assignment of error is overruled.
{¶18} For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of
Fairfield County, Ohio, is affirmed.
By Gwin, P.J.,
Wise, J., and
Edwards, J., concur
_________________________________
HON. W. SCOTT GWIN
_________________________________
HON. JOHN W. WISE
_________________________________
HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS
WSG:clw 1019
[Cite as CitiMortgage, Inc. v. Eschbaugh, 2012-Ohio-5140.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR FAIRFIELD COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
CITIMORTGAGE, INC. :
:
Plaintiff-Appellee :
:
:
-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
KEITH D. ESCHBAUGH, ET AL :
:
:
Defendant-Appellant : CASE NO. 2012-CA-21
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the judgment of
the Court of Common Pleas of Fairfield County, Ohio, is affirmed. Costs to appellant.
_________________________________
HON. W. SCOTT GWIN
_________________________________
HON. JOHN W. WISE
_________________________________
HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS