[Cite as State v. Owens, 2012-Ohio-4393.]
COURT OF APPEALS
RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
THE STATE OF OHIO JUDGES:
Hon. William B. Hoffman, P.J.
Plaintiff-Appellee Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, J.
Hon. Julie A. Edwards, J.
-vs-
Case No. 11CA104
PELMER OWENS
Defendant-Appellant OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Richland County Common
Pleas Court, Case No. 2010-CR-063H
JUDGMENT: Affirmed in part; Reversed in part; and
Remanded
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: September 25, 2012
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
JAMES J. MAYER, JR. DAVID J. LONGO
PROSECUTING ATTORNEY P. O. BOX 2082
RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO Sandusky, Ohio 44871
BY: JOHN C. NIEFT
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney
38 South Park Street
Mansfield, Ohio 44902
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 2
Hoffman, P.J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Pelmer Owens appeals his conviction entered by the
Richland County Court of Common Pleas on two counts of complicity to breaking and
entering and one count each of complicity to theft and possession of criminal tools.
Plaintiff-appellee is the state of Ohio.
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE
{¶2} On January 17, 2010, a theft of copper cable occurred at the Century Link
facility on Ashland Road in Mansfield, Ohio. An unidentified witness who observed the
events called 911 and stated he observed a dark blue truck with a "Dale Jr. Number 8"
sticker in the rear window. He reported two white males were in the Century Link facility
cutting wire, and a dark truck with the described sticker was slowly circling the block.
The truck returned, and the individuals loaded the copper wire into the bed of the truck.
All of the wire could not be loaded into the truck at one time so some was left in the
grass.
{¶3} A few hours later, Appellant and two accomplices arrived at the scene with
a truck matching the identification of the truck indicated on the 911 call. They started
moving the previously left cut wire from the grass to the pavement. Appellant then
returned with the truck. Members of the Mansfield Police Department arrested the
accomplices after a short chase on foot. Appellant was pulled over less than a mile
away. During an inventory search of the truck, bolt cutters were found containing
rubber residue and copper shavings.
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 3
{¶4} The Richland County Grand Jury indicted Appellant on two counts of
aiding and abetting breaking and entering, in violation of R.C. 2911.13(B), felonies of
the fifth degree; aiding and abetting theft of items less than $5,000, in violation of R.C.
2913.02(A)(1), a felony of the fourth degree; and possession of criminal tools, in
violation of R.C. 2923.24(A), a felony of the fifth degree.
{¶5} On August 29, 2011, prior to the commencement of trial, Appellant moved
the trial court in limine to exclude the recording of the 911 call, because the identity of
the caller describing the truck used by the perpetrators was unknown. Counsel for
Appellant argued the contents of the recording should be excluded as hearsay. The
trial court denied the motion.
{¶6} Appellant also moved the trial court in limine to exclude evidence of a
prior, similar crime to which Appellant entered a plea of guilty in Wayne County, Ohio, in
2008. Appellant's counsel argued the probative value of the prior offense was grossly
outweighed by the prejudicial effect. The trial court took the matter under advisement,
subsequently ruling against Appellant.
{¶7} At trial, the State called as its first witness a telecommunicator from the
City of Mansfield, who identified the audio recording of the 911 call. Appellant renewed
the objection thereto, but the trial court allowed the introduction of the evidence.
{¶8} The State also offered the testimony of Sergeant Rotolo of the Wooster
Police Department. Rotolo testified relative to a breaking and entering, theft and
possession of criminal tools case to which Appellant entered a plea of guilty in Wayne
County, Ohio. The Wayne County case also involved the theft of cable from a fenced in
storage yard owned by the same firm who owned the Mansfield yard.
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 4
{¶9} Following the presentation of evidence, the jury found Appellant guilty on
all four counts. The trial court sentenced Appellant to twelve months for Counts 1, 3
and 4 and to eighteen months for Count 2, theft. The sentences for Counts 1 and 2
were run concurrently, and the sentences for Counts 3 and 4 were run concurrently;
however, the trial court ordered the two sets run consecutively to each other for a total
of thirty months incarceration. The trial court further ordered restitution in the amount of
$12,046.00.
{¶10} Appellant now appeals, assigning as error:
{¶11} “I. THE TRIAL COURT VIOLATED THE DEFENDANT-APPELLANT’S
CONFRONTATION RIGHTS UNDER THE U.S. AND OHIO CONSTITUTIONS, IN
ADMITTING INTO EVIDENCE A RECORDING OF A 911 CALL FROM AN ALLEGED
BYSTANDER WHO DID NOT TESTIFY AT THE TRIAL, NOTWITHSTANDING
APPELLANT’S MOTION IN LIMINE AND SUBSEQUENT, TIMELY OBJECTION.
{¶12} “II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED TO THE PREJUDICE OF THE
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT IN DENYING HIS SECOND MOTION IN LIMINE, AND
ADMITTING HIGHLY DETAILED EVIDENCE OF A PRIOR, SIMILAR OFFENSE OVER
HIS OBJECTION, WHERE THE PREJUDICIAL EFFECT OF THE EVIDENCE
OUTWEIGHED ITS PROBATIVE VALUE, INASMUCH AS THE EVIDENCE TENDED
TO ESTABLISH A MODUS O0PERANDI THAT WAS NOT UNIQUE TO APPELLANT,
BUT COMMON TO NUMEROUS INDIVIDUALS.
{¶13} “III. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED, AND ABUSED ITS DISCRETION, IN
SENTENCING THE DEFENDANT-APPELLANT TO CONSECUTIVE PRISON
TERMS.”
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 5
I.
{¶14} In the first assignment of error, Appellant asserts the trial court erred in
allowing the 911 recording. Specifically, Appellant argues the recording amounts to
inadmissible hearsay and violates his constitutional right to confront the witness
testifying against him.
{¶15} Ohio Evidence Rule 803(1) provides:
{¶16} "The following are not excluded by the hearsay rule, even though the
declarant is available as a witness:
{¶17} "(1) Present sense impression. A statement describing or explaining an
event or condition made while the declarant was perceiving the event or condition, or
immediately thereafter unless circumstances indicate lack of trustworthiness."
{¶18} Here, the caller clearly was describing the events of the copper wire theft
while he was perceiving them. We find nothing to suggest a lack of trustworthiness
from the citizen informant, even though he was unidentified. Accordingly, we find the
recording should not have been excluded under the hearsay rule.
{¶19} Appellant also argues the introduction of the 911 recording violates the
Confrontation Clause of the U.S. Constitution as the caller did not testify at trial. The
Confrontation Clause prohibits out-of-court testimonial statements “unless [the witness]
was unavailable to testify, and the defendant had had a prior opportunity for cross-
examination.” Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36, 54 (2004).
{¶20} In Davis v. Washington, 547 U.S. 813 (2006), the Supreme Court
described testimonial versus non-testimonial statements. The Court held “[s]tatements
are nontestimonial when made in the course of police interrogation under circumstances
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 6
objectively indicating that the primary purpose of the interrogation is to enable police
assistance to meet an ongoing emergency. They are testimonial when the
circumstances objectively indicate that there is no such ongoing emergency, and that
the primary purpose of the interrogation is to establish or prove past events potentially
relevant to later criminal prosecution.” Id. at 822. In Davis, the Supreme Court wrote that
“the initial interrogation conducted in connection with a 911 call, is ordinarily not
designed primarily to ‘establis[h] or prov[e]’ some past fact, but to describe current
circumstances requiring police assistance.” Id. at 827.
{¶21} If the statement is made under circumstances which would lead an
objective witness reasonable to believe the statement would be available for use at a
later trial, then the statement is testimonial. State v. Stahl, 111 Ohio St.3d 186 (2006).
{¶22} We find the statements made in the 911 recording were nontestimonial in
nature. The 911 operator’s primary purpose was not to establish or prove past events
potentially relevant to later criminal prosecution. The caller was clearly reporting a
current circumstance requiring police assistance, and any interrogation during the call
while the crime was in progress was designed to enable immediate police response.
{¶23} The first assignment of error is overruled.
II.
{¶24} In the second assignment of error, Appellant maintains the trial court erred
in admitting the testimony of Sergeant Rotolo of the Wooster Police Department as to
Appellant's prior criminal history in committing a similar crime to that alleged herein.
{¶25} Ohio Evidence Rule 404(B) states,
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 7
{¶26} "(B) Other crimes, wrongs or acts. Evidence of other crimes, wrongs, or
acts is not admissible to prove the character of a person in order to show action in
conformity therewith. It may, however, be admissible for other purposes, such as proof
of motive, opportunity, intent, preparation, plan, knowledge, identity, or absence of
mistake or accident."
{¶27} Appellant argued at trial he did not know what criminal activity was
occurring on the second trip involving the theft of the copper wire. Accordingly, we find
the State properly offered Appellant's prior criminal record to prove motive and intent.
The prior conviction involved similar circumstances, including the same manner of entry,
theft of the same item, use of the same tools, the same victim and the same co-
defendants. All of these similarities impugn Appellant's claim of lack of knowledge and
intent.
{¶28} The second assignment of error is overruled.
III.
{¶29} In the third assignment of error, Appellant argues the trial court erred in
imposing consecutive sentences herein.
{¶30} As an initial matter, we note the trial court conducted the sentencing
hearing herein on September 30, 2011. The trial court did not journalize the sentence
until October 4, 2011. H. B. 86 went into effect on September 30, 2011. Accordingly,
we find the trial court should have complied with the requirements of H.B. 86 in
imposing consecutive sentences herein.
{¶31} In 2003, the Ohio Supreme Court held in State v. Comer 99 Ohio St.3d
463, 2003-Ohio-4165, a court may not impose consecutive sentences unless it "finds"
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 8
three statutory factors enumerated in then 2929.14(E)(4). The statutory factors were
the same as those now enumerated in the revised version of R.C. 2929.14(C)(4)
following H.B. 86. The revised version of the statute again requires the trial court to
"find" enumerated factors.
{¶32} However, the Court in Comer, supra, read then R.C. 2929.14(E)(4) in
conjunction with then 2929.19(B) to reach its conclusion the trial court must also state
its reasons for the sentence imposed. Then R.C. 2929.19(B) stated the trial court "shall
impose a sentence and shall make a finding that gives its reasons for selecting the
sentence imposed in any of the following circumstances:
{¶33} "***
{¶34} "(c) if it imposes consecutive sentences under 2929.14…"
{¶35} H.B. 86 revised the statutory language in R.C. 2929.19(B), which now
reads:
{¶36} "(B) At the sentencing hearing, the court, before imposing sentence, shall
consider the record, any information presented…" (Emphasis added.)
{¶37} Accordingly, the rationale of Comer has been superseded by the revisions
of H.B. 86. Comer held then 2919.19(B) read in conjunction with then 2929.14 clearly
stated the legislative intent to require a trial court to make the statutorily enumerated
findings and to give reasons supporting those findings. Here, revised R.C. 2929.19
does not require the trial court to make both findings and state its reasons for selecting
the sentence imposed. Neither does R.C. 2929.14, as revised by H.B. 86, require the
trial court to give its reasons for the sentence imposed. Rather, the statute clearly
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 9
states the trial court may impose a consecutive sentence if it "finds" the statutorily
enumerated factors.
{¶38} Accordingly, pursuant to R.C. 2929.14, as revised by H.B. 86 in effect at
the time of sentencing herein, the trial court was required to make the statutorily
required findings prior to imposing consecutive sentences. The record does not
demonstrate the trial court made the required findings. Accordingly, we remand the
matter to the trial court for the limited purpose of resentencing.
{¶39} For the reasons set forth above, Appellant's convictions are affirmed but
his sentence entered by in the Richland County Court of Common Pleas is vacated and
the matter is remanded to the trial court for resentencing.
By: Hoffman, P.J.
Farmer, J. and
Edwards, J. concur s/ William B. Hoffman_________________
HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
s/ Sheila G. Farmer __________________
HON. SHEILA G. FARMER
s/ Julie A. Edwards___________________
HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS
Richland County, Case No. 11CA104 10
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
THE STATE OF OHIO :
Plaintiff-Appellee :
-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY
PELMER OWENS :
Defendant-Appellant : Case No. 11CA104
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Opinion, the judgment of the
Richland County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed in part; reversed in part; and
remanded for the limited purpose of resentencing. Costs to Appellant.
s/ William B. Hoffman _________________
HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
s/ Sheila G. Farmer __________________
HON. SHEILA G. FARMER
s/ Julie A. Edwards___________________
HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS