[Cite as K.B.B. v. P.J.H., 2012-Ohio-811.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio
EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
No. 97003
K.B.B.
PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
P.J.H.
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT:
AFFIRMED
Civil Appeal from the
Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
Juvenile Division
Case No. SU 06703682
BEFORE: Rocco, P.J., E. Gallagher, J., and Kilbane, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: March 1, 2012
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Andrew J. Simon
Freedom Square II, Suite 380
6000 Freedom Square Drive
Independence, Ohio 44131
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE
Hans C. Kuenzi
Hans C. Kuenzi Co., LPA
Skylight Office Tower
1660 W. Second Street, Suite 410
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
KENNETH A. ROCCO, P.J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant P.H. appeals from the order of the Cuyahoga County
Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division (“the juvenile court”) that granted the Civ.R.
60(A) motion filed by plaintiff-appellee K.B.. and that set the amounts of P.H.’s child
support obligation for the parties’ child, K.H., for the years 2007-2011.
{¶2} P.H. presents three assignments of error. He argues that the juvenile court
acted improperly in granting K.B.’s Civ.R. 60(A) motion, that the juvenile court
improperly designated him as the only child support “obligor,” and that the juvenile court
should have granted his request for a deviation from the child support worksheets.
{¶3} Because the record P.H. submitted in this appeal reflects (1) the juvenile court
mistakenly entered an order dated June 2, 2009, (2) P.H. never raised the issue of his
designation as the “obligor” in the lower court, and (3) the juvenile court did not abuse its
discretion in setting P.H.’s child support obligation, his assignments of error are
overruled. The juvenile court’s order, consequently, is affirmed.
{¶4} The lack of a complete record on appeal limits this court’s recitation of the
facts of this case.1 However, the record reflects the parties had a child together, K.H.,
1P.H. did not submit the complete juvenile court file of the case from which
he filed his notice of appeal. See App.R. 9(B).
who was born on September 21, 2000.
{¶5} According to the parties’ appellate briefs, P.H. and K.B. lived together for a
time, but separated in 2006. Apparently, each party filed separate actions in juvenile
court, seeking an order of child support from the other.2 The record on appeal contains a
portion of only one of those cases, viz., juvenile court Case No. SU 06 703682. In
February 2008, the judge originally assigned to Case No. SU 06 703682 transferred the
case to a visiting judge for further proceedings.
{¶6} In March 2008, the parties entered into a Shared Parenting Plan (“SPP”) that
applied to both cases. The SPP provided in relevant part that, on a “routine” basis in a
“28-day cycle,” the child lived with K.B. The child lived with P.H. on the first, second,
and third weekends, on one Monday, and on every Wednesday. During the summer
vacation from school, the child alternated between her parents. The child also alternated
between her parents on special holidays. The SPP left child support to the “further order
of the court.”
{¶7} Because the parties were “unable to reach an agreement” on the issue of child
support, the parties’ attorneys apparently worked out an “agreed judgment entry” with
respect to the issue of “interim child support.” This entry indicated it was to take effect
on April 1, 2008. By its terms, K.B. was designated as the “obligee,” and P.H. would
2The parties’ SPP bears another case number, viz., SU “07 100608” but the
record of that case is not included in the record on appeal.
pay through the Ohio Child Support Payment Central (CSPC) $450.00 per month “until
further order of Court.” The document bore the parties’ attorneys’ signatures, but the
docket of this case indicates that this “entry” was never either signed or actually entered
on the juvenile court’s journal by the visiting judge.
{¶8} On July 23, 2008, the visiting judge filed a judgment entry in this case that
stated that the matter of child support had come before the court for a hearing. The July
23, 2008 judgment entry further stated in relevant part the following:
[1] Child support on an interim basis was established by an agreed
judgment entry filed May 16, 2008, [2] Father requested a deviation
downward on his child support based on his position that he had the child
more than fifty percent of the time, but, [3] Exhibits offered by Father and
accepted by the Court do not substantiate Father’s position.
{¶9} The juvenile court’s July 23, 2008 journal entry “also note[d] Father earns a
significantly greater sum [annually] than Mother.” The entry denied P.H.’s motion for
a downward deviation, set his child support obligation for “the period between November
1, 2006 and December 31, 2007” at $691.83 per month, and held that “during the period
beginning January 1, 2008 to date and forward, Father’s child support obligation is
$791.33 per month * * * .”
{¶10} The visiting judge attached worksheets to the July 23, 2008 order. These
worksheets indicated P.H.’s annual salary was $44,474 while K.B.’s was $38,582.
{¶11} In August 2008, P.H. filed a notice of appeal from the juvenile court’s July
23, 2008 order. K.B. filed a cross appeal. However, because the juvenile court’s July
23, 2008 order had not settled all of the issues presented with respect to matters of child
support, this court dismissed the appeal and cross appeal for lack of a final order.
{¶12} When the case returned to the juvenile court, the originally-assigned judge
issued a judgment entry dated June 2, 2009. This entry stated that the case “came on for
consideration this 21st day of May, 2009 * * * .” The June 2, 2009 journal entry further
stated:
{¶13} “It is ordered that: The Agreed Judgment Entry submitted by the parties is
attached as exhibit A hereto and incorporated by reference * * * [and] shall remain in
effect until further order of the Court.”
{¶14} “Exhibit A” attached to this order was the “agreed judgment entry”
previously created by the parties’ attorneys that they had filed in the case, but which the
visiting judge had never either signed or journalized.
{¶15} In July 2009, P.H. filed a motion to modify his child support obligation. He
claimed in his attached affidavit that he had been terminated from his employment, and,
although he had received a severance package that included a small portion of his salary,
he had not yet found a new position.
{¶16} The record reflects the originally-assigned judge conducted a hearing in the
case on August 12, 2009. Although P.H.’s motion to modify his obligation was not
addressed, the judgment entry that resulted from this hearing indicated K.B.
acknowledged P.H. deserved a credit on his child support obligation for overpayments
made between November 1, 2006 through October 15, 2008.
{¶17} P.H.’s motion to modify his child support obligation was continued for a
hearing to be held before the visiting judge. The hearing was scheduled to be conducted
on July 7, 2010.
{¶18} On May 26, 2010, K.B. filed a Civ.R. 60(A) motion to correct the record.
Therein, she asserted that the June 2, 2009 journal entry signed by the originally-assigned
judge had been filed in error. K.B. pointed out that the July 23, 2008 order was the order
that had been meant to resolve P.H.’s child support obligation. P.H. filed no response to
K.B.’s Civ.R. 60(A) motion.
{¶19} The docket of the case reflects the visiting judge decided to conduct a
hearing on all outstanding motions, eventually selecting the date January 24, 2011 for
trial. Both parties filed hearing briefs.
{¶20} At the hearing, the visiting judge heard testimony from P.H. regarding his
motion to modify his child support obligation. K.B. testified in opposition. K.B. also
testified concerning her Civ.R. 60(A) motion, stating that she did not agree in 2009 to a
reduction in P.H.’s obligation to $450 a month.
{¶21} Following the hearing, on April 11, 2011, the visiting judge issued a
proposed judgment entry in the case. The judge granted K.B.’s motion to correct the
record, set the amounts of P.H.’s child support obligation for each year from November 1,
2006 until 2011 “and forward,” designated a party to provide the child’s health insurance,
and designated the party to claim the child as a dependent for federal tax purposes.
{¶22} The appropriate child support worksheets were attached to the proposed
judgment entry. The judge also directed K.B.’s attorney to “prepare any documents
necessary to put this Order into effect * * * .”
{¶23} K.B.’s attorney thereafter notified the juvenile court that he had submitted
the documents he prepared pursuant to the proposed judgment entry, and that P.H.’s
attorney did not provided any “written objection or response.”
{¶24} On June 1, 2011, P.H. filed a “clarification.” He asserted that he had
informed K.B.’s counsel by letter that he “disapproved” of the proposed judgment entry,
and that he had suggested K.B. “submit the entry to the Court as having been submitted to
me for review and having been disapproved.”
{¶25} On June 2, 2011, the juvenile court adopted the proposed entry. P.H. filed a
timely notice of appeal from the final judgment. He presents three assignments of error.
“I. The trial court erred in granting Appellee’s motion for relief.
“II. The trial court erred in arbitrarily designating Appellee as th[e] only
child support obligee.
“III. The trial court erred in failing to denying [sic] Appellant’s request for a
deviation from the child support computation worksheet.”
{¶26} P.H.’s first and second assignments of error will be addressed together. In
them, he argues that the juvenile court lacked a basis for granting K.B.’s Civ.R. 60(A)
motion to correct the record, and, in light of the SPP, also lacked a good reason to refer to
him in its judgment entries as the sole “obligor.” Neither of these arguments has merit.
{¶27} The record reflects P.H. neither filed a brief in opposition to K.B.’s motion
to correct the record, nor presented any evidence to support the position he takes in his
first assignment of error. In fact, P.H. acknowledged K.B’s Civ.R. 60(A) motion only in
the “hearing brief” he prepared for the January 24, 2011 trial, many months after K.B.
raised the issue. Therein, P.H. did not list K.B.’s motion as one of “the issues before the
Court.” P.H. simply argued, in just one sentence of his 10-page brief, that K.B.’s motion
should be denied.
{¶28} Furthermore, during the juvenile court’s hearing, P.H. did not mention
K.B.’s Civ.R. 60(A) motion. K.B.’s testimony that the June 2, 2009 order was entered
by mistake, therefore, was unchallenged.
{¶29} K.B.’s testimony is corroborated by the fact that the June 2, 2009 order was
signed by the originally-assigned judge, who had not taken any role since transferring the
case to the visiting judge a year-and-a-half previously. Under these circumstances, the
argument P.H. presents in his first assignment of error is unsupported. Mallin v. Mallin,
8th Dist. Nos. 60014 and 60668, 1992 WL 79847 (1992); cf., Perry v. Perry, 8th Dist.
No. 80640, 2002-Ohio-3641.
{¶30} Similarly, P.H. never raised in the juvenile court the issue he presents in his
second assignment of error. He has, therefore, waived the argument for purposes of
appeal. Scade v. Carnegie Body Co., 70 Ohio St.2d 207, 436 N.E.2d 1001 (1982).
{¶31} P.H.’s first and second assignments of error are overruled.
{¶32} As to the issue P.H. raises in his third assignment of error, this court notes
that he never filed a brief in opposition to the juvenile court’s proposed judgment entry
regarding his child support obligation. This court, nevertheless, will address his
argument in the interest of the principle of Ohio jurisprudence that encourages deciding
cases on their merits. State ex rel. Brown v. Wauford, 129 Ohio St.3d 17,
2011-Ohio-2858, 949 N.E.2d 999, fn. 1.
{¶33} P.H. asserts that the juvenile court lacked a legitimate basis for “denying” his
request for a downward deviation in his child support obligation. He bases this assertion
on the facts that the child spends a substantial amount of her time with him and that his
income decreased as of May 2009. Because the record reflects, however, that the
juvenile court actually granted his motion for the time after he lost his employment,
P.H.’s assertion fails.
{¶34} Juvenile courts have considerable discretion in calculating child support;
consequently, this court cannot disturb the court’s decision unless an abuse of discretion
occurred. State ex rel. Spencer v. Gatten, 8th Dist. No. 89398, 2007-Ohio-4071, ¶ 11.
The record in this case does not present such a situation.
{¶35} In determining the appropriate level of child support, trial courts generally
use the Ohio Child Support Guidelines and the applicable worksheets. In re D.M., 8th
Dist. No. 87723, 2006-Ohio-6191, ¶ 69, citing Kosovich v. Kosovich, 11th Dist. No.
2004-L-075, 2005-Ohio-4774. R.C. 3119.24(A)(1) provides that a court may deviate
from the guideline child support calculation if it determines, based upon the factors and
criteria enumerated in R.C. 3119.23, that the guideline support calculation would be
“unjust or inappropriate * * * and would not be in the best interest of the child because of
the extraordinary circumstances of the parents * * * .” (Emphasis added.)
{¶36} The listed statutory factors set forth in R.C. 3119.23 include, in subsection
(D), “[e]xtended parenting time * * *.” Thus, a deviation in child support may be
warranted and in the best interest of the child based upon a parent’s increased time with
the child. Dyson v. Dyson, 8th Dist. No. 96285, 2011-Ohio-4826. The relevant statutes
and the accompanying guidelines contemplate, however, an obligation that is based upon
the parties’ annual incomes and expenses. Id.
{¶37} The best interest of the child remains the paramount concern. The trial
court must also consider that the costs associated with housing and clothing a child
remain fixed, and do not change, even with an increase in parenting time. Id. Pursuant
to Loc.R. 29(A), moreover, the juvenile court’s “Standard Parenting Time Guidelines”
under a SPP seek to have a child spend as close to fifty percent of her time with each
parent as possible.
{¶38} In this case, the SPP deemed both P.H. and K.B. to be “residential” parents.
Nothing in the record indicates P.H. spent any additional time with the child after the SPP
was drafted. The juvenile court, therefore, did not abuse its discretion in denying P.H.’s
motion for a downward deviation on this ground. Roberts v. Roberts, 10th Dist. No.
08AP 27, 2008-Ohio-6121, ¶ 10-11.
{¶39} Finally, because the juvenile court reduced P.H.’s child support obligation
after he lost his job, his assertion that the juvenile court denied his motion for a
downward deviation has no basis in fact.
{¶40} P.H.’s third assignment of error also is overruled.
{¶41} The juvenile court’s order is affirmed.
It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate be sent to said court to carry this judgment into
execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of
the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
__________________________________________
KENNETH A. ROCCO, PRESIDING JUDGE
EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, J., and
MARY EILEEN KILBANE, J., CONCUR