[Cite as State ex rel. Sinchak v. Chardon Local School Dist., 2013-Ohio-1098.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
GEAUGA COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO ex rel. RONALD : OPINION
SINCHAK,
:
Relator-Appellant,
: CASE NO. 2012-G-3078
- vs -
:
CHARDON LOCAL SCHOOL DISTRICT,
:
Respondent-Appellee.
:
Civil Appeal from the Geauga County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 11M000322.
Judgment: Affirmed.
Donald Gallick, 190 North Union Street, #102, Akron, OH 44304 (For Relator-
Appellant).
David Kane Smith, Kathryn I. Perrico, and Lindsay Ferg Gingo, Britton, Smith, Peters &
Kalail Co., L.P.A., 3 Summit Park Drive, Suite 400, Cleveland, OH 44131 (For
Respondent-Appellee).
CYNTHIA WESTCOTT RICE, J.
{¶1} Appellant, Ronald Sinchak, appeals the summary judgment entered by the
Geauga County Court of Common Pleas in favor of appellee, Chardon Local School
District, on appellant’s complaint for a writ of mandamus alleging that the District did not
adequately respond to his multiple public records requests. We are asked to consider
whether genuine issues of material fact exist on appellant’s claims, precluding summary
judgment. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.
{¶2} Between June 2010 and February 2011, appellant submitted five public
records requests to the District. First, on June 17, 2010, appellant requested all
documents in the District’s possession from 2008 to date that refer to various specified
District employees, the Chardon Athletic Boosters, and the Chardon Baseball Club.
Within one week, on June 25, 2010, the District responded to appellant’s requests by
producing 250 pages of public records. Between July 12, 2010 and July 30, 2010, the
District supplemented its response with 950 additional pages of public records.
{¶3} On December 28, 2010, appellant submitted a second public records
request to the District, requesting records in 16 categories. The requested records
included: (1) all documents concerning the District’s baseball coaches and the Chardon
Baseball Club from 2008 to date, (2) all e-mails to or from several listed District
employees from 2008 to date, and (3) all financial audits of the Chardon High School
Athletic Boosters. Two weeks later, on January 14, 2011, the District responded to
these requests. The District objected to some of these requests as not asking for
records that were public records or as being ambiguous, overbroad, or not identifying
with reasonable clarity the records requested. Aside from these objections, the District
responded to those requests to which it was able to respond by providing appellant with
80 pages of public records.
{¶4} On January 17, 2011, appellant submitted a third public records request to
the District, this time asking for all correspondence and e-mails to or from the District’s
coaches from 2008 to date. The District objected to the request as overbroad, but was
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able to identify and produced 20 pages of public records responsive to this request on
January 28, 2011.
{¶5} On February 3, 2011, appellant submitted a fourth public records request
to the District, asking for all requests by non-Chardon sports teams to use the District’s
facilities and the District’s responses to such requests from 2009 to date. On February
18, 2011, the District produced all responsive documents in its possession.
{¶6} On February 14, 2011, appellant submitted a fifth public records request to
the District, seeking all e-mails, text messages, and letters between a specified District
employee and the Chardon Athletic Boosters from 2009 to date. In its response, the
District stated that it had previously produced several of the requested documents, and
provided appellant with 50 additional pages of responsive documents.
{¶7} Thus, between June 2010 and February 2011, the District provided
appellant with more than 1,300 pages of public records in response to his five public
records requests. Appellant never objected to any of the District’s responses. Instead,
on March 22, 2011, appellant filed a complaint for a writ of mandamus.
{¶8} In his complaint, appellant asserted three claims, namely, that the District
failed to produce public records (Count I); that the District destroyed public records
(Count II); and that the District delayed in producing public records (Count III). In his
complaint, appellant conceded that the District responded to many of his public records
requests; however, he alleged it did not respond to some of them. In support, he
alleged he had in his possession some e-mails that he received from other sources that
were not included in the District’s responses. He alleged this proved that other e-mails
exist that should have been, but were not, included in the District’s responses. He did
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not attach copies of those e-mails to his complaint. Further, appellant alleged that
because some records were not produced, this proved the District destroyed them. He
also alleged the District delayed in providing records. Appellant requested a writ of
mandamus, ordering the District to produce the requested records, a fine of $1,000 for
each record destroyed, “delay damages,” and attorney fees.
{¶9} The District filed an answer, denying the material allegations of the
complaint and asserting various defenses, including its compliance with the Public
Records Law.
{¶10} On July 19, 2011, the trial court issued a pretrial order establishing a case
management schedule. The order included a discovery cutoff of November 1, 2011,
and scheduled a pretrial conference on February 6, 2012.
{¶11} On July 21, 2011, the District propounded to appellant its First Set of
Interrogatories and Requests for Production of Documents. Appellant responded to
some of the District’s discovery requests, but, as to others, he said he would answer
later, but never did. For example, when asked to produce the e-mails that appellant
alleged in his complaint proved that other e-mails exist, appellant did not produce them,
but, rather, said he would supplement, which he never did.
{¶12} Between March 22, 2011, the date appellant filed this action, and the
November 1, 2011 discovery cutoff, appellant did not conduct any discovery.
Specifically, he never took the deposition of any representatives of the District, and he
never propounded any interrogatories, requests for production, or requests for
admission to the District.
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{¶13} More than two months after the discovery cutoff, on January 9, 2012, the
District filed a motion to dismiss for lack of prosecution or, in the alternative, a motion for
summary judgment. In support of its motion to dismiss, the District argued that
appellant failed to supplement his discovery responses and failed to conduct any
discovery by the November 1, 2011 discovery cutoff.
{¶14} Alternatively, in support of its summary-judgment motion, the District filed
the affidavit of its superintendent, Joseph Bergant. Mr. Bergant stated that, as to each
of appellant’s public records requests, the District conducted a diligent search of its
electronic and paper files to identify all responsive records in its possession and, within
two weeks of receipt of each of appellant’s records requests, provided those records to
appellant. Further, Mr. Bergant said the District did not destroy any records, but,
instead, produced all responsive records in its possession to appellant.
{¶15} Appellant did not file any opposition to the District’s motion for summary
judgment. Thus, he did not file any affidavits or other evidentiary materials opposing
summary judgment. According to the trial court’s local rules, a brief in opposition to
summary judgment was due to be filed within 30 days after service of the motion for
summary judgment. Local Rule 7.D. Thus, appellant’s brief in opposition to the District’s
motion for summary judgment was due to be filed on or about February 13, 2012.
{¶16} The case came on for pretrial on February 6, 2012. Following several
discussions between appellant and his attorney, the parties through counsel agreed to
settle the case. Counsel advised the court that the parties had settled the matter and
that a dispositive entry would be forthcoming.
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{¶17} On February 13, 2012, the District’s counsel sent a “Release of All
Claims,” which included the settlement terms to which the parties agreed, to appellant’s
counsel for execution. However, on February 16, 2012, appellant’s counsel filed a
notice of withdrawal, citing his discharge by appellant on February 13, 2012. On
February 17, 2012, appellant’s newly retained counsel filed a notice of appearance.
{¶18} On February 28, 2012, the trial court entered an order stating that, since
the court had not yet received the settlement entry as promised by the parties, unless
the court received it within ten days, i.e., by March 9, 2012, the case “may be dismissed
otherwise than on the merits, pursuant to C.R. 41(B)(1) and (3) and/or (C), or otherwise
disposed of as the Court deems appropriate, without further notice.”
{¶19} However, instead of submitting a dismissal entry, on March 5, 2012,
appellant filed a motion for the court “to set new discovery date,” requesting an
additional 90 days to conduct discovery. In support, appellant stated (1) that he asked
his former counsel to conduct discovery, but he never did, and (2) that appellant did not
agree to the terms of the settlement.
{¶20} On March 16, 2012, the District filed its brief in opposition to appellant’s
request for a new discovery cutoff and a motion to enforce the parties’ settlement. The
District argued that appellant was not entitled to any more time to conduct discovery
because the case had been pending for one year, and appellant had not conducted any
discovery. Further, the District argued the court should enforce the parties’ settlement
because appellant, through counsel, agreed to the terms of the settlement in the
presence of the trial court.
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{¶21} The trial court entered judgment on April 27, 2012, ruling on the pending
motions. The court denied the District’s motion to enforce the settlement agreement,
finding that the parties’ attorneys are not their agents for purposes of settlement. The
court also denied the District’s motion to dismiss for failure to prosecute because the
District had never moved for an order to compel appellant to respond to its discovery
requests and the court did not order appellant to conduct discovery.
{¶22} The trial court denied appellant’s motion for an additional 90 days to
conduct discovery, finding that appellant did not file any opposition to the District’s
motion for summary judgment and also finding that, after it set a discovery deadline of
November 1, 2011, appellant never conducted any discovery, despite having ample
opportunity to do so.
{¶23} Further, the trial court granted the District’s motion for summary judgment,
finding the affidavit of Superintendent Bergant satisfied the District’s burden to show the
absence of any genuine issue of material fact. The court noted that Mr. Bergant stated
the District conducted a diligent search of its records upon receipt of appellant’s public
records requests and timely responded by producing more than 1,000 pages of public
records. Further, Mr. Bergant stated the District did not destroy any records. The court
found that appellant failed to meet his reciprocal burden to provide evidentiary quality
material showing a genuine issue of fact. The court noted that appellant did not provide
any opposing affidavit or other evidence of an inadequate records search by the District
or of any delay or records destruction.
{¶24} Appellant appeals the trial court’s judgment, asserting three assignments
of error. For his first assigned error, he alleges:
7
{¶25} “The trial court abused its discretion by denying replacement counsel’s
request for additional time to conduct discovery.”
{¶26} As a preliminary matter, we note that in appellant’s motion for a new
discovery cutoff, he did not state whether it was a motion to enlarge the discovery cutoff
pursuant to Civ.R. 6 or a motion for continuance of the time to oppose summary
judgment pursuant to Civ.R. 56(F). However, because appellant did not ask for a
continuance to obtain affidavits or discovery to oppose summary judgment, as required
by Civ.R. 56(F), but, rather, simply asked for an enlargement of the discovery cutoff, we
conclude that appellant’s motion was a Civ.R. 6 motion to enlarge.
{¶27} Civ.R. 6(B)(2) permits a party to request, after the original time period for
an act has already expired, additional time within which to act, if the failure to act was
the result of excusable neglect. Since appellant filed his motion for a new discovery
cutoff after the original cutoff expired, he was required to show his failure to conduct
discovery within the original cutoff was the result of excusable neglect. We review a
trial court’s ruling on a Civ.R. 6 motion for extension of time for an abuse of discretion.
Davis v. Immediate Medical Services, Inc., 80 Ohio St.3d 10, 14 (1997).
{¶28} The Supreme Court of Ohio has stated that simple attorney neglect
without the presence of substantial extenuating circumstances, such as sudden illness
or natural disaster, does not constitute excusable neglect, which would justify an
extension of time under Civ.R. 6. State ex rel. Lindenschmidt v. Bd. of Commrs., 72
Ohio St.3d 464, 466 (1995); Winters v. Teledyne Movible Offshore, 776 F.2d 1304,
1306 (5th Cir.1985.)
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{¶29} Similarly, the demands of being a busy lawyer or of being preoccupied
with other litigation does not constitute excusable neglect. Lepkowski v. U.S. Dept. of
Treasury, 804 F.2d 1310, 1313 (D.C.Cir.1986); Solaroll Shade & Shutter Corp. v. Bio-
Energy Sys., Inc., 803 F.2d 1130, 1132 (11th Cir.1986) (attorney’s negligent failure to
respond to a motion does not constitute excusable neglect, even if that attorney is
preoccupied with other litigation).
{¶30} In GTE v. ARC Industries, Inc., 47 Ohio St.2d 146 (1976), the Supreme
Court stated that in a civil case, the simple, inexcusable neglect of a party’s attorney is
imputed to the party. Id. at 152. The Court stated that a party voluntarily chooses the
attorney he retains to represent him, and the party cannot avoid the consequences of
the acts or omissions of his freely selected attorney. Id. The Court stated that any other
notion would be inconsistent with our system of representative litigation, in which each
party is deemed bound by the acts of his lawyer, and is considered to have notice of all
facts with which his attorney is charged. Id. The Court stated that if an attorney’s
conduct falls substantially below what is reasonable under the circumstances, the
client’s remedy is against the attorney in a suit for malpractice. Id. The Court stated that
keeping the suit alive merely because the party should not be penalized for the neglect
of his own attorney would result in unfairly penalizing the adverse party. Id.
{¶31} As noted above, in order for attorney neglect to constitute excusable
neglect justifying an extension of time, the movant must demonstrate substantial
extenuating circumstances, such as sudden illness or natural disaster. Lindenschmidt,
supra. In Lindenschmidt, the Supreme Court held that the board’s counsel’s eye
surgery, which necessitated a longer than anticipated period of recovery, constituted
9
excusable neglect. Similarly, the Twelfth District in Bluffs of Wildwood Homeowners'
Assn. v. Dinkel, 96 Ohio App.3d 278, 281 (12th Dist.1994), held that personal and
family illness may constitute excusable neglect. Further, in Brenner v. Shore, 34 Ohio
App.2d 209, 211-216 (10th Dist.1973), the Tenth District held that severe emotional
strain resulting in hospitalization for complete physical and mental collapse may
constitute excusable neglect.
{¶32} Here, appellant made no showing of excusable neglect. In his affidavit in
support of his motion for a new discovery cutoff, appellant stated his counsel did not
follow his instructions to conduct discovery. However, while such inaction constitutes
neglect, without more, it is not excusable. Lindenschmidt, supra. In appellant’s affidavit,
he does not allege any substantial extenuating circumstances that would excuse his
attorney’s neglect. In light of appellant’s failure to demonstrate excusable neglect, his
counsel’s neglect was inexcusable and it is thus imputed to appellant. As a result, the
trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying appellant’s Civ.R. 6 motion for a new
discovery cutoff.
{¶33} Moreover, even if we were to construe appellant’s motion for a new
discovery cutoff as having been filed pursuant to Civ.R. 56(F), the motion would still lack
merit. Civ.R. 56(F) sets forth the procedure a party must follow if he cannot obtain an
affidavit necessary to oppose the adverse party’s motion for summary judgment.
Smallwood v. Samuelson, 7th Dist. No. 89-C-5, 1990 Ohio App. LEXIS 1366, *3. Civ.R.
56(F) provides, in relevant part:
{¶34} Should it appear from the affidavits of a party opposing the motion
for summary judgment that he cannot for sufficient reasons stated
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present by affidavit facts essential to justify his opposition, the court
may refuse the application for judgment or may order a continuance
to permit affidavits to be obtained or discovery to be had or may
make such other order as is just.
{¶35} In Gates Mills Investment Co. v. Pepper Pike, 59 Ohio App.2d 155 (8th
Dist.1978), the Eighth District stated that Civ. R. 56(F) affords a party a mechanism
whereby he can seek a continuance to respond to a motion for summary judgment so
that he can obtain affidavits opposing the summary-judgment motion or conduct
discovery relevant to it. Id. at 168-169. Civ. R. 56(F) requires the party opposing
summary judgment to submit affidavits with sufficient reasons stating why he cannot
present by affidavit facts sufficient to justify his opposition to summary judgment. Id.
Mere allegations requesting a continuance for the purpose of discovery are not
sufficient reasons why a party cannot present affidavits in opposition to the motion for
summary judgment. Id. There must be a factual basis presented and reasons given why
he cannot present facts essential to his opposition to summary judgment. Id.
{¶36} The court’s decision on a motion for continuance under Civ.R. 56(F) will
only be reversed on a showing of an abuse of discretion. Id.
{¶37} In appellant’s affidavit in support of his motion for a new discovery cutoff,
he did not provide any reasons why he could not present evidence essential to his
opposition to summary judgment. He did not seek a continuance so he could obtain
affidavits or discovery necessary to oppose summary judgment. In fact, appellant did
not even refer to the District’s motion for summary judgment in his affidavit or state that
his motion for a new discovery cutoff had anything to do with the District’s summary-
11
judgment motion. His motion was nothing more than a request for an extension of the
discovery cutoff to conduct discovery, which is not sufficient to warrant a continuance
under Civ.R. 56(F). Gates Mills Investment Co., supra.
{¶38} As an aside, we note that appellant did not provide any reasonable
explanation as to why he waited one year while this case was pending and four months
after the discovery cutoff expired before moving the court for a new discovery cutoff.
{¶39} We also note that, although replacement counsel had represented
appellant for one month before appellant filed his motion for a new discovery cutoff,
appellant did not attach to his motion any proposed discovery, by way of notices of
deposition, interrogatories, requests for production, requests for admission, or
otherwise.
{¶40} Appellant’s reliance on Whiteleather v. Yosowitz, 10 Ohio App.3d 272 (8th
Dist.1983), in which the Eighth District reversed the trial court’s denial of a Rule 56(F)
motion, is misplaced as it is factually distinguishable. In Whiteleather, the plaintiff-
patient in a medical malpractice case moved the trial court for a one-month continuance
pursuant to Civ.R. 56(F) so he could take the deposition of an expert he said he needed
to rebut the expert report submitted by the defendant on summary judgment. There
was no suggestion the plaintiff or his counsel was negligent in not conducting discovery.
Moreover, the defendant did not oppose the plaintiff’s request for a continuance.
{¶41} Thus, even if appellant’s motion for a new discovery cutoff was filed
pursuant to Civ.R. 56(F), the trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying it.
{¶42} Appellant’s first assignment of error is overruled.
{¶43} For his second assigned error, appellant contends:
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{¶44} “The trial court committed reversible error by granting summary judgment.”
{¶45} Summary judgment is proper when: “(1) there is no genuine issue of
material fact; (2) the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law; and (3)
reasonable minds can come to but one conclusion, and that conclusion is adverse to
the nonmoving party, that party being entitled to have the evidence construed most
strongly in his favor.” Frano v. Red Robin International, Inc., 181 Ohio App.3d 13, 2009-
Ohio-685, ¶12 (11th Dist.).
{¶46} The party seeking summary judgment on the ground that the nonmoving
party cannot prove his case bears the initial burden of informing the trial court of the
basis for the motion and of identifying those portions of the record that demonstrate the
absence of a genuine issue of material fact on the essential elements of the nonmoving
party’s claim. Dresher v. Burt, 75 Ohio St.3d 280, 292 (1996).
{¶47} The moving party must point to some evidence of the type listed in Civ.R.
56(C) that affirmatively demonstrates that the nonmoving party has no evidence to
support his claim. Id. at 293. If this initial burden is not met, the motion for summary
judgment must be denied. Id. However, if the moving party has satisfied his initial
burden, the nonmoving party then has a reciprocal burden, as outlined in Civ.R. 56(E),
to set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial and, if the
nonmovant does not so respond, summary judgment, if appropriate, shall be entered
against him. Id.
{¶48} Since a trial court’s ruling on a motion for summary judgment involves only
questions of law, we conduct a de novo review of the trial court’s judgment. DiSanto v.
Safeco Ins. of Am., 168 Ohio App.3d 649, 2006-Ohio-4940, ¶41 (11th Dist.).
13
{¶49} With respect to Count I of the complaint, alleging that the District failed to
produce public records pursuant to the Public Records Law, R.C. 149.43(C)(1) provides
that if a person is allegedly aggrieved by the failure of a public office to make a public
record available to the person for inspection, he may commence a mandamus action to
obtain a judgment that orders the public office to make such record available.
{¶50} Further, with respect to Count II, alleging that the District destroyed public
records, R.C. 149.351(B) provides that any person who is aggrieved by the alleged
destruction of a public record may commence a civil action to recover a forfeiture in the
amount of one thousand dollars for each violation.
{¶51} Finally, with respect to Count III, alleging that the District delayed in
producing public records, R.C. 149.43(B)(1) provides that, upon request, all public
records responsive to a public records request shall promptly be made available for
inspection, and a public office responsible for the records shall make copies of them
available within a reasonable period of time.
{¶52} In support of the District’s motion for summary judgment, it presented the
affidavit of its superintendent, Joseph Bergant. Mr. Bergant stated that, as to each of
appellant’s public records requests, the District conducted a diligent search of its files to
identify all responsive records in its possession, and within two weeks of receipt of each
of appellant’s records requests, provided the records to him. Mr. Bergant stated that the
District produced more than 1,000 pages of responsive records to appellant. Further,
Mr. Bergant said that the District did not destroy any records.
{¶53} Based on Mr. Bergant’s affidavit, the District demonstrated there was no
genuine issue of material fact with respect to any of appellant’s three claims. The
14
District thus satisfied its initial burden under Civ.R. 56(C). According to the trial court’s
local rules, appellant’s opposition to summary judgment was due to be filed on or about
February 13, 2012. As noted above, appellant filed no opposition to summary
judgment. Thus, as of April 27, 2012, the date on which the trial court entered summary
judgment, appellant was more than two months out of rule. By not filing any opposition
to summary judgment, appellant failed to meet his reciprocal burden under Civ.R. 56(E)
to set forth facts showing there was a genuine issue for trial. Appellant did not submit
any affidavits or other evidentiary materials in opposition to summary judgment.
Instead, two months after the District filed its summary-judgment motion and after the
trial court notified the parties the action may be dismissed if the promised settlement
entry was not submitted, appellant simply filed a motion for a new discovery cutoff.
{¶54} Appellant argues that Mr. Bergant’s affidavit did not demonstrate there
was no genuine issue of material fact. However, appellant does not explain how Mr.
Bergant’s affidavit failed to demonstrate the lack of an issue for trial. Appellant argues
the court should not have entered summary judgment after he filed his motion for “a
new discovery schedule.” Appellant does not reference any authority in support of this
argument. Moreover, our independent research does not support his contention.
“[W]hen a party fails to request a continuance pursuant to Civ.R. 56(F), a trial court
generally is free to consider a motion for summary judgment.” Vanest v. Pillsbury Co.,
124 Ohio App.3d 525, 531, fn. 3 (4th Dist.1997), citing BFI Waste Sys. of Ohio v.
Garfield Hts., 94 Ohio App.3d 62, 74 (8th Dist.1994). Because appellant did not file a
motion for continuance under Civ.R. 56(F), the trial court was free to rule on the
District’s motion for summary judgment.
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{¶55} In any event, even if appellant’s motion for a new discovery cutoff was
filed under Civ.R. 56(F), because he failed to comply with the requirements of that rule,
as shown above, the court did not err in ruling on the District’s summary-judgment
motion. BFI Waste Sys., supra.
{¶56} We therefore hold the trial court did not err in granting the District’s motion
for summary judgment.
{¶57} Appellant’s second assignment of error is overruled.
{¶58} For his third and final assignment of error, appellant alleges:
{¶59} “The trial court abused its discretion in refusing to schedule an evidentiary
to hearing [sic] to determine whether or not relator agreed to the monetary settlement
offered by respondent.”
{¶60} In the trial court’s judgment ruling on the parties’ pending motions, the
court denied the District’s motion to enforce the parties’ settlement. Despite this ruling,
appellant argues the trial court should have scheduled an evidentiary hearing to
determine if he agreed to accept the settlement agreement. However, appellant did not
move the trial court for such a hearing. Thus, appellant’s argument is waived. State v.
Awan, 22 Ohio St.3d 120, 122 (1986). In any event, since the trial court denied the
District’s motion to enforce the settlement, an evidentiary hearing on that motion would
have been useless because the court ruled in appellant’s favor. This assignment of
error is therefore moot.
{¶61} Appellant’s third assignment of error is overruled.
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{¶62} For the reasons stated in the opinion of this court, appellant’s assignments
of error are overruled. It is the judgment and order of this court that the judgment of the
Geauga County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.
TIMOTHY P. CANNON, P.J.,
THOMAS R. WRIGHT, J.,
concur.
17
State ex rel. Sinchak v. Chardon Local School Dist.
Combined Opinion