[Cite as Poynter v. Pabst, 2013-Ohio-5671.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
TWELFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
BUTLER COUNTY
RYAN T. POYNTER, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, : CASE NO. CA2013-03-032
: OPINION
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:
JULIE C. PABST f.k.a. Poynter, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
APPEAL FROM BUTLER COUNTY COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
DOMESTIC RELATIONS DIVISION
Case No. DR 06070844
Conese Law Office, Mark A. Conese, Gerald M. Wirsch, 26 South Third Street, Hamilton,
Ohio 45011, for plaintiff-appellee
Joseph R. Matejkovic, 8050 Beckett Center Drive, Suite 214, West Chester, Ohio 45069, for
defendant-appellant
PIPER, J.
{¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Julie Pabst f.k.a. Poynter (Mother), appeals a decision of
the Butler County Court of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations Division, finding her in
contempt and ordering her to pay attorney fees.
{¶ 2} Mother and plaintiff-appellee, Ryan Poynter (Father), divorced in September
2007 after being married for several years and having two children. At the time of their
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divorce, Mother and Father shared parental rights and responsibilities of the children until
Father received sole custody. Approximately four years after Father was awarded custody,
Mother filed an emergency ex parte motion for custody, alleging that the children were
subject to abuse and neglect while in Father's care partly because of his new wife. Mother
was awarded emergency custody, and a full hearing was scheduled.
{¶ 3} A magistrate held a full hearing on the issue, and terminated emergency
custody. Father's sole custody was reinstated and Mother filed objections to the magistrate's
decision. While Mother's objections were pending, Father was awarded visitation with the
children. Mother permitted visitation between Father and the younger daughter, but did not
permit visitation between Father and the older daughter, who had been diagnosed with
depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder for which she receives medication.
Mother objected to visitation between her elder daughter and Father because she believed
the older daughter had a "significant negative reaction" to the decision requiring her to return
to Father's home, and because Mother was concerned for her daughter's health and safety.
{¶ 4} In response to Mother's refusal to facilitate visitation between Father and the
older daughter, Father filed a contempt motion. Father also argued that Mother was in
contempt of the court's order because while the motions were pending, Mother moved
without first informing the court of her plans to relocate. Mother argued that she was not in
contempt because an emergency had occurred that forced her to move into a new home,
and that she did not facilitate visitation between Father and the older child because of the
older child's mental condition.
{¶ 5} While Father's contempt motions were pending, the trial court sustained
Mother's objections to the magistrate's decision that terminated her custody of the children.
The trial court then ordered that Mother retain custody of the children, and the other pending
issues raised by Father were set for a magistrate's hearing. After the hearing, the magistrate
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found Mother in contempt for not facilitating Father's parenting time, and for moving without
first notifying the court of her relocation. The magistrate also ordered supervised parenting
time between Father and the older child. The magistrate ordered Mother to pay Father's
attorney fees, and ordered Father to submit a fee statement.
{¶ 6} After a hearing on the fee issue, the magistrate ordered Mother to pay Father
$1,230 in attorney fees, and Mother objected to the magistrate's ruling. The trial court
overruled Mother's objections and adopted the magistrate's decision, and also gave Mother
an opportunity to purge her contempt. Mother now appeals the trial court's decision, raising
the following assignments of error.
{¶ 7} Assignment of Error No. 1:
{¶ 8} THE TRIAL COURT ERRED TO THE PREJUDICE OF
PLAINTIFF/APPELLANT WHEN IT FOUND HER IN CONTEMPT.
{¶ 9} Mother argues in her first assignment of error that the trial court erred in finding
her in contempt for denying visitation between the older daughter and Father and for
relocating without first giving the court 30 days' notice as required by the local rules.
{¶ 10} A court may find a party in contempt where that party fails to comply with a
lawful judgment or court order. Marden v. Marden, 108 Ohio App.3d 568, 570 (12th
Dist.1996); R.C. 2705.02(A). To support a contempt finding, the moving party must establish
by clear and convincing evidence that a valid court order exists, the offending party had
knowledge of the order, and the offending party violated such order. Sparks v. Sparks, 12th
Dist. Warren No. CA2010-10-096, 2011-Ohio-5746, ¶ 11. "A finding of contempt, however,
does not require proof of purposeful, willing, or intentional violation of a trial court's prior
order." Renner v. Renner, 12th Dist. Clermont No. CA2013-06-042, 2013-Ohio-4644, ¶ 15,
citing Pugh v. Pugh, 15 Ohio St.3d 136 (1984). Once the movant has established a prima
facie case of contempt, the burden then shifts to the contemnor to prove his inability to
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comply with the court order. Keeley v. Keeley, 12th Dist. Clermont No. CA97-02-013, 1997
WL 411607, *3 (July 21, 1997). The inability which excuses compliance must "be real and
not self-imposed, nor due to fraud, sharp practices, or intentional avoidance." Id.
{¶ 11} This court will not reverse a trial court's ruling on a motion for contempt absent
an abuse of discretion. Cottrell v. Cottrell, 12th Dist. Warren No. CA2012-10-105, 2013-
Ohio-2397, ¶ 12, citing State ex rel. Ventrone v. Birkel, 65 Ohio St.2d 10 (1981). An abuse of
discretion is more than an error of judgment; it means that the trial court was unreasonable,
arbitrary, or unconscionable in its ruling. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 219
(1983). When applying the abuse of discretion standard, a reviewing court is not free to
merely substitute its judgment for that of the trial court. Cottrell at ¶ 12.
{¶ 12} The trial court first found Mother in contempt because she moved without first
providing the court and Father 30 days' notice. While Mother admitted that she knew she
was required to provide such notice, she claims that she was not able to comply because she
was forced to move quickly due to emergency circumstances. During the hearing, Mother
testified that she was forced to leave her rental home because the basement flooded when it
rained, and there was mold growing in her basement so that the move was necessary to
protect her family's health. Mother also testified that she moved into the new home because
the rent was $200 less than her previous home, and because her past landlord would not
remediate the flooding and leaking issues.
{¶ 13} Mother also claimed that she moved into the new home without first providing
notice because the new rental "was available right then with no deposit." However, the
magistrate specifically found Mother's testimony "not credible regarding this issue." Instead,
the trial court noted that Mother admitted during her testimony that she had to make several
repairs to the rental house. Mother stated, "we had to fix up that house – to make it livable
before we could move in right away." Mother then confirmed that she had to "do a little bit of
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work on the new place" before she and her daughters could move in. Mother's testimony,
therefore, demonstrates that Mother could have provided the court and Father notice of her
intended move before it was made.
{¶ 14} The magistrate found that Mother produced no evidence that she was
prevented from filing a timely notice of intent to relocate. This finding is supported by the
record, where it is clear that Mother had time to file the notice before she moved out of her
house into the new location. Even if Mother could not file a full 30 days before her move,
Mother provided no reason to explain why she waited until 12 days after she moved to
provide notice. Mother was unable to prove that her failure to file her notice of relocation was
anything more than intentional avoidance of the issue, which cannot form the basis for a valid
defense to contempt.
{¶ 15} Mother also argues the trial court's ruling was erroneous because she moved
less than a mile from her previous home, and therefore, did not change the circumstances of
her children. However, Ohio law does not take into consideration to what degree the
contemnor disobeyed an order of the court, and instead focuses only upon whether a
violation occurred. Despite the fact Mother moved a short distance away, neither the court
nor Father was given the information of where the children were living or how they could be
reached once they moved from their home to a new location. The contempt occurred once
Mother disobeyed a known court order, and we will not find that the trial court abused its
discretion based on Mother's argument that her clear violation of the court's order had
minimal effect.
{¶ 16} Mother also argues the trial court erred in finding her in contempt for denying
Father visitation with the older child. According to the trial court's entry granting Father
visitation, Father was to have parenting time with the older child beginning on April 13, 2012.
The entry specifically states, Mother "SHALL facilitate [Father's] parenting rights with BOTH
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children." (Emphasis in original.) The record clearly indicates that Father was denied his
visitation with the older child, thus constituting a violation of the order. Mother claims that she
was unable to obey the court order due to the child's delicate mental state, and because
when the child was informed that she would visit with Father, she became extremely upset,
tense, depressed, ill, distraught, was shaking, and even made suicide threats.
{¶ 17} Mother testified that because of the child's reaction to the visitation order, the
child spent two days at the Lindner Center of Hope, where she was evaluated and later
released with referrals to a psychologist and nurse practitioner to monitor her medications.
However, the record does not contain any evidence that Mother did anything to ease the
child into visitation with Father or did anything to facilitate visitation as ordered by the trial
court.
{¶ 18} The Lindner Center therapist who met with the child testified at the hearing, and
stated that she suggested that the child not visit with Father immediately following the child's
release from the center. However, the therapist then testified that she did not meet with
Father regarding the parenting time issue, and had only met the child twice, and for a limited
amount of time. The record indicates that Father and the child have not attended any
counseling sessions together to discuss reinstituting visitation.
{¶ 19} The trial court, in overruling Mother's objections, also noted that the child has
been experiencing mental health issues since she was five years old, and that she had
exhibited similar symptoms (anxiety, stress, physical reactions) when she would visit with
Mother when Father had custody. The trial court referenced repeated reports, evidence, and
interviews suggesting that the child "feels she must bond with one parent to the exclusion of
the other." Based upon the record, the trial court found Mother's actions constituted
"affirmative steps to avoid the orders" of the court regarding Father's visitation rights. This
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finding is supported by the record, and we do not find that the finding of contempt was an
abuse of discretion.
{¶ 20} After reviewing the record, the trial court's decision finding Mother in contempt
for moving without providing notice and not facilitating Father's visitation was not an abuse of
discretion. Therefore, Mother's first assignment of error is overruled.
{¶ 21} Assignment of Error No. 2:
{¶ 22} THE TRIAL COURT ERRED TO THE PREJUDICE OF DEFENDANT/
APPELLANT WHEN IT ORDERED HER TO PAY PLAINTIFF/APPELLEE'S ATTORNEY'S
FEES.
{¶ 23} Mother argues in her second assignment of error that the trial court erred in
ordering her to pay Father's attorney fees.
{¶ 24} On September 28, 2012, the magistrate found Mother in contempt and gave
Father 14 days to submit an invoice of his fees to Mother's counsel. The order further stated
that Mother had 14 days to object to the amount of fees once submitted, and that if
objections were filed, the matter would be set for a hearing before the magistrate. On
October 12, 2012, Mother filed an objection to the magistrate's decision, and the hearing on
the objection was scheduled for December 5, 2012.
{¶ 25} The magistrate scheduled a hearing on Father's motion for attorney fees for
October 16, 2012, but neither Mother nor her counsel appeared at the hearing. The
magistrate issued an entry chastising Mother's counsel for not attending or giving the court
any indication that counsel had no intention of appearing. The magistrate then scheduled a
hearing for December 26, 2012 regarding Father's request for attorney fees, and noted that
Mother's still-pending objections to the magistrate's previous rulings did not preclude
consideration of the fee request. Mother then filed objections to that entry and scheduling
order, arguing that the magistrate could not award attorney fees until Mother's pending
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objections to the magistrate's previous decision were ruled upon.
{¶ 26} At the hearing regarding attorney fees, Father testified that he engaged an
attorney to represent him regarding the custody issues, including the motions for contempt.
Father testified that his counsel's rate was $300 per hour, and that he agreed to pay that
hourly rate for services rendered. Father also presented the testimony of another attorney,
who testified that $300 per hour is a reasonable rate in the community, and that the amount
Father was charged was "fair and reasonable under the circumstances of this case."
However, Mother's counsel did not cross-examine either witness, and only restated Mother's
objection to the magistrate proceeding with the hearing. The magistrate then issued a
decision, ordering Mother to pay Father $1,230 in attorney fees. Mother objected to the
magistrate's decision, and the trial court overruled the objection.
{¶ 27} On appeal, Mother argues the trial court erred as a matter of law in permitting
the fee hearing to proceed while her objection to the magistrate's contempt decision was still
pending, and that the trial court erred in awarding attorney fees because there was no proper
evidence that Father's fees were reasonable. We disagree with both of Mother's arguments.
{¶ 28} According to Civ.R. 53(D)(4)(e)(i), "the timely filing of objections to the
magistrate's decision shall operate as an automatic stay of execution of the judgment until
the court disposes of those objections and vacates, modifies, or adheres to the judgment
previously entered." (Emphasis added.) Mother argues that the magistrate did not have the
authority to hold a hearing on the reasonableness of Father's attorney fees because her
objection to having been found in contempt was still pending and thus acted as an automatic
stay of execution of the amount of fees Mother would have to pay. However, the magistrate's
decision as to what amount of attorney fees Mother would be required to pay was merely
attendant to the finding of contempt, and was a separate issue that could be determined by
the magistrate while Mother's objection was pending. The determination regarding the
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reasonableness of Father's fees and costs was a separate issue to the judgment previously
entered regarding Mother's contempt and was not the judgment against which Mother filed
her objections.
{¶ 29} Holding a hearing and determining the amount of fees in no way executed the
magistrate's previous finding of contempt because "a magistrate's decision is not effective
unless adopted by the court." Civ.R. 53(D)(4)(a). Therefore, the magistrate was permitted to
hold the hearing in order to determine the amount of fees without actually executing its
previous finding of contempt. This is especially true where the trial court specifically noted
that it performed its own independent review of the issue and agreed that the hearing was
properly held by the magistrate and that the fees were reasonable.
{¶ 30} Regarding the reasonableness of Father's fees, the record indicates that
Mother did not object to any evidence offered at the hearing, and only proceeded with a
general objection to the magistrate's authority to hold the hearing. Therefore, Mother has
waived on appeal any objections to the evidence used by the magistrate and trial court to
establish the amount of attorney fees. Poneris v. A & L Painting, LLC, 12th Dist. Butler Nos.
CA2008-05-133, CA2008-06-139, 2009-Ohio-4128.
{¶ 31} Moreover, and as previously discussed, the trial court expressly noted that it
performed an independent "de novo" review of the record and found Father's attorney fees to
be reasonable, "especially given the record of this case." The trial court, which had
previously noted its great familiarity with the ongoing details of the case, acted within its
discretion by finding Father's fees and costs reasonable based upon its knowledge of the
case and what work was performed by the attorney in question. See Smith v. Smith, 12th
Dist. Butler No. CA2001-11-259, 2002-Ohio-5449, ¶ 18, citing Babka v. Babka, 83 Ohio
App.3d 428, 435 (9th Dist.1992) (noting that "when the amount of time and work spent on the
case by the attorney is evident, an award of attorney fees, even in the absence of specific
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evidence, is not an abuse of discretion"). The record is clear that the trial court used its own
knowledge and experience in determining the necessity and reasonableness of attorney fees,
which it has the discretion to do. Smith at ¶ 18, citing Shaffer v. Shaffer, 109 Ohio App.3d
205 (3d Dist.1996).
{¶ 32} After reviewing the record, the magistrate was permitted to hold a hearing
regarding Father's attorney fees, and the trial court did not err in finding that Father's fees
were reasonable. Therefore, Mother's second assignment of error is overruled.
{¶ 33} Judgment affirmed.
RINGLAND, P.J., and M. POWELL, J., concur.
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