In re K.T.

An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute
controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance
with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure.

NO. COA14-95
NORTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS

Filed: 1 July 2014

IN THE MATTER OF:

K.T. Onslow County
C.M. Nos. 13 JA 153-54

Appeal by respondent-mother from order entered 22 October

2013 by Judge Sarah C. Seaton in Onslow County District Court.

Heard in the Court of Appeals 16 June 2014.

Lorna I. Welch for petitioner-appellee Onslow County
Department of Social Services.

Hunt Law Group, P.C., by James A. Hunt, for respondent-
appellant mother.

Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP, by Stephen Martin,
for Guardian ad Litem.

MARTIN, Chief Judge.

Respondent-mother appeals from the trial court’s

adjudication and disposition order. Mother argues that two of

the trial court’s findings of fact are not supported by

sufficient evidence, the findings of fact do not support its

conclusion that the juveniles were dependent, and she did not
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receive sufficient notice that the hearing was a permanency

planning hearing. We affirm.

On 31 May 2013, the Onslow County Department of Social

Services (“DSS”) received a report that five-year-old K.T. had

been found unsupervised at an elementary school at about 9:00

p.m. When a social worker investigated the home where K.T.

lived with mother, mother’s boyfriend, and three-year-old C.M.,

she discovered numerous safety issues, including knives within

easy reach of the children, moldy food, and clothing all over

the floor. Mother was also under the influence of sleeping

pills.

The social worker found that K.T.’s bedroom door had been

locked from the outside, and K.T. had broken a window to get out

of the room. Mother blamed K.T. for the incident, and told the

social worker that K.T. had “gotten out of the house again”

while mother was sleeping. C.M. was not present at the house

when the social worker arrived to investigate, because mother’s

boyfriend had fled with the juvenile. K.T. told the social

worker that mother had struck her in the past, including with a

belt, and she had overheard mother’s boyfriend striking mother.

The juveniles were removed from mother’s custody and initially

placed in a kinship placement identified by mother, but the

placement family told the social worker they planned to move out
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of the State soon and could not be a long-term home for the

juveniles. The juveniles were then placed in nonsecure custody.

On 5 June 2013, DSS filed petitions alleging that the

juveniles were neglected and dependent. The matter came on for

an adjudication and disposition hearing on 22 August 2013. On

22 October 2013, the trial court entered an adjudication and

disposition order in which it adjudicated the juveniles

neglected and dependent and ordered C.M. to be placed in the

custody of A.M., his father, and K.T. to remain in DSS custody.

The trial court set permanent plans of reunification for K.T.

and custody with a relative for C.M. The order, however,

terminated the juvenile court’s jurisdiction over C.M.’s case.

Mother appeals.

_________________________

When we review an adjudication order, we must determine

“(1) whether the findings of fact are supported by ‘clear and

convincing evidence,’ and (2) whether the legal conclusions are

supported by the findings of fact.” In re Gleisner, 141 N.C.

App. 475, 480, 539 S.E.2d 362, 365 (2000) (citation omitted).

“Findings of fact supported by competent evidence are binding on

appeal even though there may be evidence to the contrary.” In

re S.R.G., 195 N.C. App. 79, 83, 671 S.E.2d 47, 50, appeal after

remand, 200 N.C. App. 594, 684 S.E.2d 902 (2009).
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First, mother challenges finding of fact 2, which states:

That the respondent parents received
adequate notice of the facts alleged in the
petition so that they knew the nature of the
proceeding and had an opportunity to prepare
for the hearing.

Mother argues that she only received notice for an adjudication

hearing and not a permanency planning hearing.

At the outset, we note that the adjudication and

disposition order was filed 22 October 2013. Therefore, the

case was pending after 1 October 2013, and the permanency

planning issue is governed by N.C.G.S. § 7B-906.1, which was

effective as of 1 October 2013 and applicable to actions pending

on or after that date. 2013 N.C. Sess. Law 228, 240–43, ch.

129, § 26. 129. Prior permanency planning cases were governed

by N.C.G.S. § 7B-907, although the relevant statutory language

is largely unchanged.

Pursuant to N.C.G.S. § 7B-906.1, a parent is entitled to 15

days’ notice of a permanency planning hearing. N.C. Gen. Stat.

§ 7B-906.1(b) (2013). Previously, N.C.G.S. § 7B-907(a) also

required 15 days’ notice of a permanency planning hearing.

Under the prior statute, we held that a parent waives his or her

right to notice “by attending the hearing in which the permanent

plan is created, participating in the hearing, and failing to
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object to the lack of notice.” In re J.P., ___ N.C. App. ___,

___, 750 S.E.2d 543, 545 (2013).

In this case, mother never objected to a lack of notice of

a permanency planning hearing. Accordingly, we conclude she has

waived appellate review of that issue. Furthermore, in light of

our conclusion that mother waived appellate review of the issue

of notice, we need not address her challenge to finding of fact

2 or her other argument that the trial court erred by conducting

a permanency planning hearing without providing her with proper

notice.

Next, mother challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to

support finding of fact 21, which addresses the alternative

placement prong of the dependency test:

At the time [DSS] took nonsecure custody of
the juveniles, the respondent parents lacked
an appropriate, alternative child care
arrangement, and there were no other
suitable placement options other than
nonsecure custody.

Mother specifically contends the finding is contradicted by a

letter from the initial kinship placement, in which the

placement family stated they were willing to care for the

juveniles. We note, however, this letter was never introduced

into evidence at the hearing, and a social worker testified she

was not aware the placement family had made such claims.
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Moreover, the evidence presented at the hearing contradicted the

contents of the letter and demonstrated the family had told DSS

that the kinship placement could only be temporary. Thus, the

trial court’s finding of fact was supported by competent

evidence.

Finally, mother challenges the trial court’s conclusion

that the juveniles were dependent.1 We disagree with mother’s

contention that the findings of fact do not support the trial

court’s conclusion that the juveniles were dependent.

In relevant part, the Juvenile Code defines a dependent

juvenile as a juvenile whose “parent, guardian, or custodian is

unable to provide for the juvenile’s care or supervision and

lacks an appropriate alternative child care arrangement.” N.C.

Gen. Stat. § 7B-101(9)(ii) (2013). “In determining whether a

juvenile is dependent, the trial court must address both (1) the

parent’s ability to provide care or supervision, and (2) the

availability to the parent of alternative child care

arrangements.” In re T.B., C.P., & L.P., 203 N.C. App. 497,

500, 692 S.E.2d 182, 184 (2010) (internal quotation marks

omitted). “The allegations in a petition alleging that a

juvenile is abused, neglected, or dependent shall be proved by

1
We note that mother does not challenge the trial court’s
conclusion that the juveniles were neglected, only its
conclusion that they were dependent.
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clear and convincing evidence.” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-805

(2013).

In addition to the challenged findings, the trial court

made numerous unchallenged findings that are binding on appeal.

See In re M.M., 200 N.C. App. 248, 257, 684 S.E.2d 463, 469

(2009), disc. review denied, 364 N.C. 241, 698 S.E.2d 401

(2010). These findings accurately described the 31 May 2013

incident in which K.T. broke a window to escape from her

bedroom, the potentially hazardous condition of mother’s home,

and the turbulent relationship between mother and the juveniles,

particularly K.T. Also, as discussed earlier, the trial court

properly found that there was not a suitable alternative

placement for the children. Accordingly, we hold that the trial

court’s findings of fact support its conclusion that the

juveniles were dependent.

Affirmed.

Judges ELMORE and HUNTER, JR. concur.

Report per Rule 30(e).