STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA
SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
Raymond Elswick, FILED
Petitioner Below, Petitioner October 20, 2014
RORY L. PERRY II, CLERK
SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
vs) No. 13-1110 (Roane County 11-C-08) OF WEST VIRGINIA
Marvin Plumley, Warden,
Respondent Below, Respondent
MEMORANDUM DECISION
Petitioner Raymond Elswick, by counsel Herbert Hively II, appeals the Circuit Court of
Roane County’s May 20, 2013, order that denied his petition for writ of habeas corpus.
Respondent Marvin Plumley, Warden,1 by counsel Christopher Dodrill, filed a response. On
appeal, petitioner alleges that the circuit court erred in denying his petition for writ of habeas
corpus on the grounds of ineffective assistance of counsel.
This Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal
arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided
by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record
presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these
reasons, a memorandum decision affirming the circuit court’s order is appropriate under Rule 21
of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
In September of 2005, Petitioner was indicted by the Roane County Grand Jury for one
count of murder, one count of felony murder, one count of kidnapping, and one count of
conspiracy. Following a jury trial, petitioner was found guilty of one count of voluntary
manslaughter and one count of conspiracy. Thereafter, the circuit court sentenced petitioner to a
recidivist life sentence pursuant to West Virginia Code § 61-11-18, due to two previous felony
convictions.
In May of 2009, Petitioner filed a direct appeal with this Court arguing multiple
assignments of trial error. This Court affirmed the circuit court’s sentencing order. See State v.
Elswick, 225 W.Va. 285, 693 S.E.2d 38 (2010). On February 18, 2011, petitioner, pro se, filed a
petition for writ of habeas corpus asserting the following grounds for relief: (1) prejudicial
prosecutorial comments; (2) ineffective assistance of counsel; (3) improper communications
between prosecutor and the jury; (4) double jeopardy; (5) ongoing discovery violations; (6)
denial of right to speedy trial; (7) destruction of evidence; (8) erroneous instructions to the jury;
1
Pursuant to Rule 41(c) of the Rules of Appellate Procedure, we have substituted the
respondent party’s name with Warden Marvin Plumley because petitioner is currently
incarcerated at Huttonsville Correctional Center.
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and (9) constitutional errors in evidentiary rulings.2 Prior to the omnibus evidentiary hearings on
December 14, 2012, and January 24, 2013, the parties agreed that all issues, with the exception
of petitioner’s claims of ineffective assistance of counsel, were decided in Elswick and were res
judicata. The circuit court denied petitioner habeas relief by order entered on May 20, 2013. It is
from this order that petitioner now appeals.
This Court reviews appeals of circuit court orders denying habeas corpus relief under the
following standard:
“In reviewing challenges to the findings and conclusions of the circuit
court in a habeas corpus action, we apply a three-prong standard of review. We
review the final order and the ultimate disposition under an abuse of discretion
standard; the underlying factual findings under a clearly erroneous standard; and
questions of law are subject to a de novo review.” Syllabus point 1, Mathena v.
Haines, 219 W.Va. 417, 633 S.E.2d 771 (2006).
Syl. Pt. 1, State ex rel. Franklin v. McBride, 226 W.Va. 375, 701 S.E.2d 97 (2009).
On appeal, petitioner argues that the circuit court committed reversible error in denying
his request for habeas relief because he received ineffective assistance of trial counsel. Petitioner
argues that his testimony at the evidentiary hearings proves that trial counsel failed to: (1)
adequately discuss the consequences of going to trial and the effect of the West Virginia habitual
offender statute;3 (2) obtain the mandatory attendance of a co-defendant; (3) obtain exculpatory
evidence; and (4) file an appeal with the Supreme Court of the United States.4
West Virginia Code § 53-4A-7(a) states, in relevant part, that
[i]f the petition [for writ of habeas corpus], affidavits, exhibits, records and other
2
Petitioner was subsequently appointed counsel and filed a checklist pursuant to Losh v.
McKenzie, 166 W.Va. 762, 277 S.E.2d 606 (1981).
3
See W. Va. Code § 61-11-18 and 61-11-29.
4
Rule 10(c)(7) of the West Virginia Rules of Appellate Procedure requires that
petitioner’s brief contain an argument demonstrating clearly the points of fact and law presented.
The Court may disregard errors that are not adequately supported by specific references to the
record on appeal. In this case, petitioner’s brief is wholly unsupported by evidence in that it is
completely devoid of any argument or discussion of the issues raised therein as contemplated by
our rule. Moreover, as this Court previously found, “[a] skeletal ‘argument,’ really nothing more
than an assertion, does not preserve a claim. . . . Judges are not like pigs, hunting for truffles
buried in briefs.” State v. Kaufman, 227 W.Va. 537, 555 n.39, 711 S.E.2d 607, 625 n.39 (2011)
(quoting United States v. Dunkel, 927 F.2d 955, 956 (7th Cir. 1991)). It is a petitioner’s burden
to show the error in judgment of which he complains. See Syl. Pt. 2, WV Dept. of Health &
Human Res. Emps. Fed. Credit Union v. Tennant, 215 W.Va. 387, 599 S.E.2d 810 (2004). We
caution petitioner that, given that there is no legal argument set forth in his brief, it falls short of
the requirements of Rule 10(c)(7) of the West Virginia Rules of Appellate Procedure.
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documentary evidence attached thereto . . . show to the satisfaction of the court
that the petitioner is entitled to no relief, or that the contention or contentions and
grounds (in fact or law) advanced have been previously and finally adjudicated or
waived, the court shall enter an order denying the relief sought.
This Court has carefully reviewed the appendix record, including the transcripts of the omnibus
evidentiary hearings conducted on December 14, 2012, and January 24, 2013. It is abundantly
clear that petitioner failed to adequately demonstrate that his counsel fell below the objective
standard of unreasonableness required by State v. Miller, 194 W.Va. 3, 459 S.E.2d 114 (1995).5
Accordingly, this Court concludes that the circuit court did not abuse its discretion in denying the
petition for writ of habeas corpus. Having reviewed the circuit court’s “Judgment Order” entered
on May 20, 2013, we hereby adopt and incorporate the circuit court’s well-reasoned findings and
conclusions. The Clerk is directed to attach a copy of the circuit court’s order to this
memorandum decision.
For the foregoing reasons, we affirm.
Affirmed.
ISSUED: October 20, 2014
CONCURRED IN BY:
Chief Justice Robin Jean Davis
Justice Brent D. Benjamin
Justice Margaret L. Workman
Justice Menis E. Ketchum
Justice Allen H. Loughry II
5
The Court held in syllabus point five of Miller that
[i]n the West Virginia courts, claims of ineffective assistance of counsel
are to be governed by the two-pronged test established in Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984): (1)
Counsel's performance was deficient under an objective standard of
reasonableness; and (2) there is a reasonable probability that, but for
counsel's unprofessional errors, the result of the proceedings would have
been different.
State v. Miller, 194 W.Va. 3, 6, 459 S.E.2d 114, 117 (1995).
3