NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FILED
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT FEB 25 2015
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
CLARENCE A. GIPBSIN (a.k.a. Clarence A. No. 12-17739
Gibson), D. Ct. No. 2:07-CV-00157-MCE-
EFB
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
M. DEFOREST, J. SHELTON, M. GONI, C. MEMORANDUM*
STONE, C. PRATER,
Defendants-Appellees.
Appeal from the United States District Court
Eastern District of California
Morrison C. England, Jr., District Judge, Presiding
Argued and Submitted November 21, 2014
San Francisco, California
Before: RAWLINSON and FRIEDLAND, Circuit Judges, and MARSHALL,
Senior District Judge.**
Clarence Gipbsin (Gipbsin) appeals pro se from judgments in favor of
defendants in his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action alleging retaliation for exercise of his
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
**
The Honorable Consuelo B. Marshall, Senior District Judge for the
U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, sitting by designation.
First Amendment rights and excessive use of force by California Department of
Corrections and Rehabilitation personnel. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. §
1291. We affirm on the excessive force claim and reverse and remand on the
retaliation claim.
Gipbsin’s informal opening brief raises various issues relating to the district
court’s orders and proceedings. Gipbsin’s informal opening brief, however, fails
to raise any cogent arguments regarding how the district court erred. This Court
therefore declines to make any findings on the issues raised in Gipbsin’s opening
brief. See Leer v. Murphy, 844 F.2d 628, 634 (9th Cir. 1988) (“Issues raised in a
brief which are not supported by argument are deemed abandoned.”). This Court
addresses only the substantive issues raised by Court-appointed amicus curiae.
The district court granted summary judgment in favor of Appellees on
Gipbsin’s First Amendment retaliation claim. We review grants of summary
judgment de novo. White v. City of Sparks, 500 F.3d 953, 955 (9th Cir. 2007).
The district court erred in two respects. First, the district court limited Gipbsin’s
First Amendment claim to Defendants’ retaliation “for plaintiff filing a civil
lawsuit regarding his religious diet.” Gipbsin’s deposition testimony and operative
complaint, however, demonstrate that his First Amendment claim is broader in
scope. In the complaint, Gipbsin alleges that he was retaliated against for
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requesting a religious dietary meal. In deposition, Gipbsin testified both that he
was retaliated against because he requested a vegetarian meal and because he filed
prior lawsuits. Second, the district court concluded that Gipbsin had failed to
produce evidence that Defendants “were even aware of Plaintiff’s civil lawsuit.”
Gipbsin, however, testified at deposition that he “told [Defendants] that [he] had
the civil case dealing with [his] vegetarian meal.” The district court therefore erred
both by limiting the scope of Plaintiff’s retaliation claim and by finding that there
was no evidence that the Defendants knew about Gipbsin’s prior litigation activity.
We conclude that the district court erred in granting summary judgment as to
Gipbsin’s First Amendment claim.
Following the district court’s grant of summary judgment on Gipbsin’s First
Amendment claim, Gipbsin’s Eighth Amendment excessive force claim was tried
before a jury and a verdict based thereon was entered in favor of the Appellees.
Appellees argue, citing Lum v. City & County of Honlulu, 963 F.2d 1167, 1169-70
(9th Cir. 1992), that Gipbsin’s retaliation claim is foreclosed by the jury verdict.
Lum is inapplicable to this case. In Lum we held that there was no need to review
denials of summary judgment after a jury trial on the merits. Here, the district
court granted summary judgment on Gipbsin’s retaliation claim and the jury
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considered only Gipbsin’s excessive force claim in rendering its verdict. The
jury’s verdict, therefore, does not foreclose Gipbsin’s retaliation claim.
We conclude that the district court’s grant of summary judgment was in
error, and remand for further proceedings on Gipbsin’s First Amendment
retaliation claim.
AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED and REMANDED in part. Costs are
awarded to Plaintiff-Appellant.
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