NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FILED
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT MAR 12 2015
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 13-50455
Plaintiff - Appellee, D.C. No. 3:12-cr-05227-GPC-1
v.
MEMORANDUM*
DANIEL BLOW, AKA LA Danny,
Defendant - Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Southern District of California
Gonzalo P. Curiel, District Judge, Presiding
Argued and Submitted March 4, 2015
Pasadena, California
Before: REINHARDT, N.R. SMITH, and HURWITZ, Circuit Judges.
Daniel Blow was convicted on two counts of violating 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1)
for distribution of crack cocaine. He challenges the denial of his motion for sanctions
for destruction of evidence, the admission of records of a prior conviction pursuant
to Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b), the formulation of the district court’s limiting
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
instruction about the Rule 404(b) evidence, and the brief presence of an alternate in
the jury room after the charge. He also asserts cumulative error. We have jurisdiction
under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and affirm.
1. Blow argues that the district court erred by concluding that bad faith is
required before sanctions for the negligent destruction of evidence can be imposed.
See United States v. Sivilla, 714 F.3d 1168, 1173 (9th Cir. 2013) (noting that absence
of bad faith is not dispositive on a motion for sanctions). It is plain, however, that the
district court performed the proper balancing, see id. at 1173-74, and did not
improperly consider the absence of bad faith to be dispositive.
2. Blow argues, alternatively, that the district court improperly evaluated the
prejudice resulting from the destruction of evidence. But the district court’s finding
that the destroyed surveillance video would not have played a significant role in the
defense was well founded. This video was not taken at the scene of the crime, and it
is unlikely that it would have undermined the government’s case in light of the
multiple identifications of Blow at or near the scene of the crime and the recordings
of the drug transaction at issue, which contained statements that several witnesses
identified as having been made by Blow.
3. The admission of records of Blow’s prior conviction for possession of a
large quantity of crack cocaine with intent to distribute was not an abuse of discretion.
2
The conviction undermined Blow’s argument that he was innocently present at the
scene of the crime; it therefore was admissible under Rule 404(b). See United States
v. Howell, 231 F.3d 615, 628 (9th Cir. 2000); United States v. Martinez, 182 F.3d
1107, 1112 (9th Cir. 1999).
4. Any error in the district court’s description of the past conviction records as
“plan” evidence in its limiting instruction was harmless because the district court
instructed the jury not to consider the records as proof of criminal propensity. See
United States v. Cherer, 513 F.3d 1150, 1158 (9th Cir. 2008); United States v.
Castillo, 181 F.3d 1129, 1134 (9th Cir. 1999).
5. There was no error arising out of the presence of the alternate juror in the
jury room after the charge was given. The alternate’s presence was momentary, and
could not have overlapped with deliberations because the jury had not yet chosen a
foreperson.
6. Because Blow has not shown multiple errors, reversal for cumulative error
is not warranted. See United States v. Solorio, 669 F.3d 943, 956 (9th Cir. 2012).1
AFFIRMED.
1
We need not address Blow’s challenge to his sentence because Blow concedes
it is foreclosed under current law.
3