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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee
v.
HERMAN OJEDA
Appellant No. 2355 EDA 2014
Appeal from the PCRA Order July 22, 2014
In the Court of Common Pleas of Lehigh County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-39-CR-0001163-2012
CP-39-CR-0001297-2012
BEFORE: BOWES, J., JENKINS, J., and PLATT, J.*
MEMORANDUM BY JENKINS, J.: FILED APRIL 28, 2015
Appellant Herman Ojeda appeals from the order of the Lehigh County
Court of Common Pleas denying his petition filed pursuant to the Post
Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S. § 9541 et seq. We affirm.
On December 5, 2012, Appellant pled guilty to one count of burglary
at docket number CP-39-CR-0001163-2012 and 40 counts of burglary and
three counts of attempted burglary at docket number CP-39-CR-0001297-
2012. N.T., 12/5/2012, at 54. Pursuant to the plea agreement, the
Commonwealth agreed to cap the minimum sentence at 20 years’
imprisonment and to cap the maximum sentence at 40 years’ imprisonment.
Id. at 4.
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*
Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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On January 7, 2013, the trial court sentenced Appellant to 20 to 40
years’ imprisonment.1 N.T., 3/4/2013, at 25-28. On January 17, 2013,
Appellant filed a post sentence motion, which the trial court denied on
January 22, 2013. Appellant appealed and this Court affirmed on December
10, 2013.
On April 23, 2014, Appellant filed this timely PCRA petition. The PCRA
court appointed counsel, who filed an amended petition on July 2, 2014. On
July 21, 2014, the PCRA court held an evidentiary hearing. On July 23,
2014, the PCRA court denied the amended PCRA petition. On August 13,
2014, Appellant filed a timely notice of appeal. Both Appellant and the PCRA
court complied with Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925.
The PCRA court made the following findings of fact following the July
21, 2014 evidentiary hearing:
Amy Sonin, Esquire, an attorney in the Lehigh County
Public Defender’s Office, represented [Appellant] in the
above-captioned matters. During the course of her
representation, [Appellant] met with Attorney Sonin
numerous times and discussed the options of pursuing a
trial or tendering a guilty plea to resolve the cases.
Attorney Sonin spoke with the District Attorney at length
regarding discovery. She received voluminous discovery1
from the Commonwealth on July 16, 2012. Most of this
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1
The trial court imposed a sentence of 10 to 20 years’ imprisonment for the
burglary conviction at docket no. CP-39-CR-0001163-2012. At docket no.
CP-39-CR-0001297-2012, the trial court imposed a sentence of 10 to 20
years’ imprisonment for each of the 43 convictions, which would run
concurrent to each other but consecutive to the sentence imposed at docket
no. CP-39-CR-0001163-2012.
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discovery was reviewed with [Appellant] as well. Attorney
Sonin related to [Appellant] that the District Attorney
indicated that the best offer that would be extended to
[Appellant] was capping his minimum sentence at twenty
(20) years. [Appellant] was dissatisfied with the offer, as
he desired at seven (7) to ten (10) year cap on his
minimum sentence.
1
There was vast evidence implicating [Appellant] in
the within matter, including, inter alia, GPS
evidence, video from a neighbor’s camera, and a
videotaped confession by [Appellant].
Attorney Sonin met with [Appellant] again on September
5, 2012 and reiterated the District Attorney’s plea offer.
[Appellant] requested Attorney Sonin to negotiate more
with the District Attorney and attempt to secure a cap on
the minimum at ten (10) years. Attorney Sonin explained
to [Appellant] that she would do her best, but that the
District Attorney had expressed to her that he would not
be extending a better offer to [Appellant]. On October 23,
2012, the District Attorney provided Attorney Sonin with
the three (3) hour long videotaped confession by
[Appellant]. Attorney Sonin reviewed all three (3) hours of
the confession prior to the status conference on October
29, 2012. Attorney Sonin met with [Appellant] on October
25, 2012, and discussed with him her twenty (20) pages of
handwritten notes that she had taken while viewing the
videotaped confession. At this time, Attorney Sonin was
unable to play the video recording for [Appellant] because
she was not able to acquire a laptop from the Public
Defender’s Office at that time. At the status conference
before this Court on October 29, 2012, [Appellant] was
informed by the District Attorney that he had to make a
choice with regard to accepting or rejecting the plea offer
that had been extended to him.2 [Appellant] asked for
more time to consider the plea offer and to speak with his
family about it. He also wanted to view the videotaped
confession. Consequently, the status conference was
continued to November 1, 2012.
2
[Appellant] was informed at this time, by the
District Attorney through Attorney Sonin, that the
deal was going to be “pulled off the table” if
[Appellant] did not accept same.
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Attorney Sonin met with [Appellant] on October 31, 2012,
so that [Appellant] could watch the videotaped confession.
However, [Appellant] was uncooperative and refused to
view it with her. [Appellant] wanted a seven (7) to ten
(10) year minimum sentence that the District Attorney was
unwilling to offer. Thereafter, at the status conference on
November 1, 2012, [Appellant] requested new counsel,
despite the fact that Attorney Sonin worked hard for
[Appellant] and negotiated a cap of the maximum
sentence at forty (40) years. [Appellant] did not accept
the offer on the table at that time, and a trial was
scheduled for January 7, 2013. The District Attorney
indicated that the offer that was extended was being
withdrawn.
Thereafter, [Appellant] corresponded with Attorney Sonin
and apologized for his behavior. Attorney Sonin spoke
with [Appellant] on November 16, 2012, and November
21, 2012, at which time [Appellant] indicated that he
wanted to accept the previously negotiated plea
agreement. Attorney Sonin was successful in convincing
the District Attorney to re-extend the offer to [Appellant].
Then, on December 5, 2012, with the assistance of
Attorney Sonin, [Appellant] executed a written guilty plea
colloquy form. This Court conducted an extensive verbal
colloquy with [Appellant] at the time of his guilty plea.
During [Appellant’s] oral plea colloquy, [Appellant]
acknowledged the terms of his plea agreement (N.T.
12/5/12, pp. 2-8); denied having any drugs, alcohol or
other medication that would affect his ability to know what
he was doing (N.T. 12/5/12, p. 7); indicated that he read
and understood the written plea colloquy (N.T. 12/5/12, p.
8); stated that he understood that he did not have to give
up his rights but could proceed to trial (N.T. 12/5/12, p.
9); affirmed that it was his desire to enter the guilty plea
(N.T. 12/5/12, p. 12); posed no questions to the judge
(N.T. 12/5/12, p. 10); articulated that no one was forcing
or threatening him to plead guilty (N.T. 12/5/12, p. 9);
testified that no promises were made to him other than the
plea agreement (N.T. 12/5/12, p. 9); and expressed
satisfaction with his attorney (N.T. 12/5/12, pp. 9-10).
Trial Court Opinion, 7/23/2014, 2-4.
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We further note that at the November 1, 2012 status conference, the
trial court informed Appellant he could retain private counsel and Appellant
stated he would search for an attorney. N.T., 11/1/2012, at 5, 8. The trial
court scheduled trial for January 7, 2013, indicating that if Appellant did not
retain new counsel, the public defender’s office would continue to represent
him. Id. at 13. Appellant did not retain new counsel and stated at his guilty
plea colloquy that he was satisfied with his appointed counsel. N.T.,
12/5/2012, at 9-10.
Appellant raises the following issues on appeal:
Was [Appellant’s] guilty plea involuntary and unlawfully
induced for the following reasons:
A. Trial attorney was ineffective for failing to supply
[Appellant] with discovery until 10 minutes before the
hearing.
B. The trial court erred in not allowing [Appellant] to get
new counsel prior to the plea.
Appellant’s Brief at 4 (capitalization removed).
Our standard of review from the denial of post-conviction relief “is
limited to examining whether the court’s determination is supported by the
evidence of record and whether it is free of legal error.” Commonwealth v.
Ousley, 21 A.3d 1238 (Pa.Super.2011) (citing Commonwealth v.
Morales, 701 A.2d 516, 520 (Pa.1997)).
Appellant first alleges trial counsel was ineffective for failing to supply
Appellant with discovery until 10 minutes before the guilty plea hearing.
This claim lacks merit.
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For ineffective assistance of counsel claims, the petitioner must
establish: “(1) that the underlying claim has merit; (2) counsel had no
reasonable strategic basis for his or her action or inaction; and (3) but for
the errors or omissions of counsel, there is a reasonable probability that the
outcome of the proceedings would have been different.” Ousley, 21 A.3d at
1244 (quoting Commonwealth v. Rivera, 10 A.3d 1276, 1279
(Pa.Super.2010)). “[C]ounsel is presumed to be effective and the burden of
demonstrating ineffectiveness rests on appellant.” Id. “The failure to prove
any one of the three [ineffectiveness] prongs results in the failure of
petitioner’s claim.” Id. (quoting Rivera, 10 A.3d at 1279).
“Allegations of ineffectiveness in connection with the entry of a guilty
plea will serve as a basis for relief only if the ineffectiveness caused the
defendant to enter an involuntary or unknowing plea.” Commonwealth v.
Hickman, 799 A.2d 136, 141 (Pa.Super.2002) (citing Commonwealth v.
Allen, 732 A.2d 582 (Pa.1999)). Whether a plea was voluntary “depends on
whether counsel’s advice was within the range of competence demanded of
attorneys in criminal cases.” Commonwealth v. Lynch, 820 A.2d 728, 733
(Pa.Super.2003) (quoting Hickman, 799 A.2d at 141).
The PCRA court found Appellant’s claim that his counsel was ineffective
for failing to show him his videotaped confession prior to the guilty plea
lacked merit. Opinion, 7/23/2014, at 5. It reasoned counsel received the
videotaped confession on October 23, 2012. Id. Counsel watched the
three-hour confession and took 20 pages of handwritten notes. Id. She
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met with Appellant on October 25, 2012. Counsel was unable to show
Appellant the videotaped confession at that time because she could not
obtain a laptop, but she reviewed her comprehensive notes with Appellant.
Id. at 5-6. On October 31, 2012, counsel visited Appellant and attempted to
show him the videotaped confession. Id. at 6. Appellant refused to watch.
Id. The court found counsel was not ineffective because counsel reviewed
her notes of the interview with Appellant and attempted to show him the
videotape. The record supports the PCRA court’s factual findings and we
agree that the claim lacks merit.
Appellant next contends the trial court erred in not allowing Appellant
to obtain new counsel prior to the plea and this error caused him to enter an
involuntary and unlawful guilty plea.2 Although Appellant framed this issue
as trial court error, the PCRA court analyzed this claim as an ineffective
assistance of counsel claim. Opinion, 7/23/2014, at 6-7. The PCRA court,
however, accurately analyzed the underlying issue, i.e., whether Appellant’s
guilty plea was involuntary and unlawful.
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2
This claim is arguably waived because Appellant failed to raise the claim on
direct appeal. We will address the merits, however, because Appellant
claims the trial court erred by not granting his request for new counsel, and
Appellant was represented by the Lehigh County Public Defender’s Office for
both his guilty plea and direct appeal. This is the first opportunity for
Appellant to raise this issue.
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The PCRA provides relief following a guilty plea only if the guilty plea
was “unlawfully induced where the circumstances make it likely that the
inducement caused the petitioner to plead guilty and the petitioner is
innocent.” 42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2)(iii). “[T]he law does not require that
[the defendant] be pleased with the outcome of his decision to enter a plea
of guilty: All that is required is that [his] decision to plead guilty be
knowingly, voluntarily, and intelligently made.” Commonwealth v. Willis,
68 A.3d 997, 1001 (Pa.Super.2013) (quoting Commonwealth v.
Anderson, 995 A.2d 1184, 1192 (Pa.Super.2010) (alterations in original)).
A guilty plea colloquy must “affirmatively demonstrate the defendant
understood what the plea connoted and its consequences.” Id. at 1002
(quoting Commonwealth v. Lewis, 708 A.2d 497, 501 (Pa.Super.1998)).
After a defendant enters a guilty plea, “it is presumed that he was aware of
what he was doing, and the burden of proving involuntariness is upon him.”
Id. (quoting Commonwealth v. Bedell, 954 A.2d 1209, 1212
(Pa.Super.2008)).
The trial court conducted an extensive colloquy of Appellant at the
December 5, 2012 guilty plea. N.T., 12/5/2012, at 6. The Commonwealth
set forth the terms of the agreement, which Appellant acknowledged. Id.
Appellant stated he understood his rights and understood the rights he was
relinquishing by pleading guilty. Id. Appellant stated that no threats or
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promises were made, his plea was voluntary, and he had no questions. Id.
at 6-7. Appellant also stated that he was satisfied with counsel. Id.3 The
trial court found the written and verbal colloquy established Appellant’s plea
was voluntary, knowing, and intelligent, and he cannot now claim otherwise.
Id. at 7. The colloquy establishes that neither the trial court nor counsel
induced Appellant to plead guilty. The trial court did not abuse its discretion
in finding Appellant entered a knowing, intelligent, and voluntary plea.
Because the plea was knowing, intelligent, and voluntary, Appellant’s claim
of trial court error fails.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 4/28/2015
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3
Appellant is bound by the statements made at the time of the guilty plea.
See Commonwealth v. Willis, 68 A.3d 997, 1009 (Pa.Super.2013)
(appellant bound by statements made in open court under oath).
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Com. v. Ojeda, H.
Combined Opinion