J-S35039-15
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee
v.
LAMAR L. ZAMICHIELI A/K/A JAMES
ZAMICHIELI,
Appellant No. 6 EDA 2015
Appeal from the PCRA Order November 24, 2014
in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
Criminal Division at No.: CP-51-CR-0509371-2003;
CP-51-CR-0509381-2003
CP-51-CR-0509391-2003
CP-51-CR-0509401-2003
CP-51-CR-0509411-2003
CP-51-CR-0509611-2003
CP-51-CR-0902651-2003
CP-51-CR-0903491-2003
CP-51-CR-0903581-2003
CP-51-CR-0903591-2003
BEFORE: MUNDY, J., OLSON, J., and PLATT, J.*
MEMORANDUM BY PLATT, J.: FILED JUNE 17, 2015
Appellant, Lamar L. Zamichieli a/k/a James Zamichieli, appeals from
the order dismissing his petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief
Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. We affirm.
This Court previously summarized the factual and procedural history of
this case as follows:
____________________________________________
*
Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
J-S35039-15
Between February 23, 2003, and March 27, 2003,
[Appellant] committed sexual assaults on ten children, between
the ages of [ten] and [fifteen], in the Frankford and Germantown
neighborhoods of Philadelphia. [Appellant] approached the
young males and females as they were walking alone. He would
attempt to convince the youngsters to accompany him. When
several refused, he then threatened them. Following each
attack[,] the victims were able to give police a description of
their attacker. Following one of the attacks, a crossing guard
noticed [Appellant] walking with a crying victim. The victim,
fearing [Appellant] would assault the crossing guard, remained
silent until he entered his school. Later, when the Special
Victims Unit realized there had been nine attacks over the course
of [twelve] days, all within a one-mile radius, they contacted the
crossing guard, Shonda Washington. Ms. Washington was
shown photographs of potential suspects. Although Ms.
Washington stated the perpetrator’s picture was not there, she
did pick out a picture of an individual who strongly resembled
him. The photo chosen was of [Appellant’s] brother, Virgil . . . .
On March 27, 2003, [Appellant] approached Detective
Harry Young who was patrolling the Frankford neighborhood.
[Appellant] asked Detective Young, “Hey, you got a copy of them
photos, the guy that’s wanted for them rapes?” Detective
Young, noticing [Appellant’s] strong resemblance to the picture
of Virgil, told him that he was investigating the assaults, asked
him for his name and a DNA sample. [Appellant] identified
himself as Lamar Soto and authorized the detective to swab his
mouth for a saliva sample. [Appellant] then accompanied
Detective Young to the Special Victim’s Unit to be photographed.
While at the police station, [Appellant’s] photograph, contained
in a photo array, was shown to the ten victims. Nine out of ten
identified [Appellant] as their attacker [from the photos and the
tenth victim identified Appellant in a lineup.] That same day,
[Appellant] was arrested and charged with multiple crimes in
connection with the sexual assaults he committed on the ten
children. On July 12, 2004, pursuant to negotiations,
[Appellant] pled guilty to four counts of rape, [eleven] counts of
terroristic threats, and [thirteen] counts of corruption of minors;
as to all remaining counts, he pled nolo contendere. Prior to
sentencing, a Megan’s Law assessment was ordered by the court
and on January 12, 2005, [Appellant] was found to be a sexually
violent predator.
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(Commonwealth v. Zamichieli, No. 1660 EDA 2009, unpublished
memorandum at *1-3 (Pa. Super. filed Nov. 15, 2010)) (citation and
footnote omitted).
Appellant withdrew his guilty pleas on June 14, 2005. (See Docket, at
15-17). On August 2, 2005, a jury convicted Appellant of two counts of
rape, two counts of involuntary deviate sexual intercourse, one count of
criminal attempt (sexual assault), two counts of criminal attempt (rape),
four counts of kidnapping, eight counts of making terroristic threats, six
counts of corrupting the morals of a minor, one count of indecent assault,
one count of simple assault, and one count of possessing an instrument of
crime.1 That same day, the court sentenced Appellant to an aggregate term
of not less than ninety-one nor more than 182 years’ incarceration.
Appellant filed a motion for reconsideration on August 10, 2005, which
the trial court denied. On August 24, 2005, Appellant timely appealed. This
Court concluded that Appellant waived all issues because of his failure to file
a Rule 1925(b) statement timely and affirmed the judgment of sentence on
March 6, 2007. (See Commonwealth v. Zamichieli, 927 A.2d 660 (Pa.
Super. 2007) (unpublished memorandum)). The Pennsylvania Supreme
Court denied leave to appeal on October 11, 2007. (See Commonwealth
v. Zamichieli, 934 A.2d 74 (Pa. 2007)).
____________________________________________
1
18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 3121, 3123, 3124.1, 3121, 2901, 2706, 6301, 3126,
2701, and 907, respectively.
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On March 7, 2008, Appellant timely filed a pro se PCRA petition. The
PCRA court appointed counsel who filed an amended PCRA petition on
October 1, 2008 requesting that Appellant’s post sentence rights be
reinstated nunc pro tunc. On May 21, 2009, the court reinstated Appellant’s
rights and directed him to file a notice of appeal within thirty days.
Appellant timely filed a notice of appeal on June 5, 2009. The court
did not order Appellant to file a Rule 1925(b) statement nor did it file a Rule
1925(a) opinion; instead relying on its March 29, 2006 opinion. On June 1,
2010, this Court remanded the matter, and directed the trial court to order
Appellant to file a Rule 1925(b) statement. Additionally, this Court ordered
the trial court to file a supplemental Rule 1925(a) opinion addressing
Appellant’s issues of a speedy trial and severance of cases. The trial court
timely complied.
On November 15, 2010, this Court remanded the matter to resentence
Appellant on the attempted sexual assault conviction that had a maximum
allowable sentence of ten years’ imprisonment2 and affirmed all other
aspects of sentencing. (See Zamichieli, No. 1660 EDA 2009, at *20). In
accordance with our remand, the court resentenced Appellant to not less
than five nor more than ten years’ incarceration on the attempted sexual
____________________________________________
2
We note that the parties and the court agreed that the sentence imposed
of not less than ten nor more than twenty years’ incarceration was illegal.
(See Zamichieli, No. 1660 EDA 2009, at *14).
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assault conviction. Appellant’s aggregate sentence of not less than ninety-
one nor more than 182 years’ incarceration remained unchanged. The
Pennsylvania Supreme Court denied leave to appeal on May 25, 2011. (See
Commonwealth v. Zamichieli, 21 A.3d 1194 (Pa. 2011)).
Appellant timely filed a pro se PCRA petition on September 6, 2011.
On January 7, 2013, the PCRA court denied the petition as untimely.
Appellant timely filed a notice of appeal on February 4, 2013. On February
25, 2013, the PCRA court requested the matter be remanded because “[t]he
[PCRA] court was under the mistaken belief that [Appellant’s] underlying
PCRA petition was his second PCRA filing in which no qualifying exceptions
applied.” (Order, 2/25/13, at 1). This Court remanded the matter to the
PCRA court on May 8, 2013.
The PCRA court appointed counsel who filed an amended PCRA petition
on November 28, 2013. On September 15, 2014, the PCRA court notified
Appellant of its intention to dismiss his petition without a hearing pursuant
to Pennsylvania Rule of Criminal Procedure 907. See Pa.R.Crim.P. 907.
Appellant did not respond.
The PCRA court dismissed the petition on November 24, 2014.
Appellant timely appealed on December 23, 2014.3
____________________________________________
3
Pursuant to the PCRA court’s order, Appellant filed a timely Rule 1925(b)
statement on January 29, 2015. The court entered its Rule 1925(a) opinion
on February 4, 2015. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925.
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Appellant raises the following question for our review: “Should PCRA
relief have been granted where trial counsel failed to preserve the
Appellant’s speedy trial rights and failed to have the Appellant’s cases
severed from one another?” (Appellant’s Brief, at 8).4
Our standard of review is well-settled:
[A]n appellate court reviews the PCRA court’s findings of
fact to determine whether they are supported by the record, and
reviews its conclusions of law to determine whether they are free
from legal error. The scope of review is limited to the findings of
the PCRA court and the evidence of record, viewed in the light
most favorable to the prevailing party at the trial level.
Commonwealth v. Freeland, 106 A.3d 768, 775 (Pa. Super. 2014)
(citation omitted).
A PCRA petitioner is eligible for relief if the claim is cognizable under
the PCRA. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9543. Cognizable claims include those that
allege ineffectiveness of counsel that undermined the truth-determining
process. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9543(a)(2)(ii).
We also note that a PCRA petitioner is not automatically
entitled to an evidentiary hearing. We review the PCRA court’s
decision dismissing a petition without a hearing for an abuse of
discretion.
[T]he right to an evidentiary hearing on a post-
conviction petition is not absolute. It is within the
PCRA court’s discretion to decline to hold a hearing if
the petitioner’s claim is patently frivolous and has no
____________________________________________
4
We note that Appellant has raised two instances of counsel’s
ineffectiveness. (See Appellant’s Brief, at 12, 14, 16). Therefore, we will
treat them as two separate issues.
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support either in the record or other evidence. It is
the responsibility of the reviewing court on appeal to
examine each issue raised in the PCRA petition in
light of the record certified before it in order to
determine if the PCRA court erred in its
determination that there were no genuine issues of
material fact in controversy and in denying relief
without conducting an evidentiary hearing.
Commonwealth v. Miller, 102 A.3d 988, 992 (Pa. Super. 2014) (citations
omitted).
It is well-settled that “[a] criminal defendant has the right to effective
counsel . . . during trial.” Commonwealth v. Rathfon, 899 A.2d 365, 369
(Pa. Super. 2006) (citation omitted). Further, counsel is presumed effective,
and an appellant bears the burden to prove otherwise. See
Commonwealth v. Bennett, 57 A.3d 1185, 1195 (Pa. 2012).
To succeed on an ineffective assistance of counsel claim, a petitioner
must overcome the presumption that counsel is effective and demonstrate
that counsel’s deficient performance prejudiced him. See Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). Pennsylvania has further refined
the Strickland test into a three-prong inquiry. An appellant must
demonstrate that: (1) his underlying claim is of arguable merit; (2) counsel
had no reasonable strategic basis for his action or inaction; and (3) the
appellant suffered actual prejudice as a result. See Commonwealth v.
Pierce, 527 A.2d 973, 975 (Pa. 1987). A failure to satisfy any prong of the
Pierce test will require rejection of the claim. See Commonwealth v.
Spotz, 84 A.3d 294, 311 (Pa. 2014). Any reasonable basis for the course of
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action selected proves effectiveness, not a hindsight evaluation to determine
the best strategic alternative. See Commonwealth v. Charleston, 94
A.3d 1012, 1027 (Pa. Super. 2014), appeal denied, 104 A.3d 523 (Pa.
2014).
In Appellant’s first issue, he claims that trial counsel was ineffective
because he “failed to file a motion to dismiss the prosecution pursuant to
[Pa.R.Crim.P.] 600 and [] Appellant’s right to a speedy trial . . . .”
(Appellant’s Brief, at 12). We disagree.
Rule 600 provides, in relevant part:
(A) Commencement of Trial; Time for Trial
(1) For the purpose of this rule, trial shall be deemed to
commence on the date the trial judge calls the case to trial, or
the defendant tenders a plea of guilty or nolo contendere.
(2) Trial shall commence within the following time periods.
(a) Trial in a court case in which a written complaint
is filed against the defendant shall commence within
365 days from the date on which the complaint is
filed.
* * *
(d) When a trial court has granted a new trial and no
appeal has been perfected, the new trial shall
commence within 365 days from the date on which
the trial court’s order is filed.
Pa.R.Crim.P. 600(A)(1), (2)(a), and (d). Further, the comment states that
“[t]he withdrawal of, rejection of, or successful challenge to a guilty plea
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should be considered the granting of a new trial for purposes of paragraph
(A)(2)(d) of this rule.” Pa.R.Crim.P. 600, comment.
Here, the record reflects that the criminal complaints were filed on
March 27, 2003 and Appellant entered guilty pleas on July 12, 2004. On
June 14, 2005, Appellant withdrew his guilty pleas prior to sentencing,
thereby requiring his trial to commence on or before June 14, 2006. On July
14, 2005, Appellant’s jury trial timely commenced. See Pa.R.Crim.P.
600(A)(2)(d). Accordingly, there is no arguable merit to Appellant’s speedy
trial claim. Therefore, the record supports the PCRA court’s dismissal of
Appellant’s PCRA petition where he has failed to plead and prove the
arguable merit prong of the Pierce test. Appellant’s first issue does not
merit relief.
In his second issue, Appellant claims that trial “[c]ounsel was
ineffective for failing to try and prevent these matters from being tried
together.” (Appellant’s Brief, at 16). Specifically, he argues that the “ten
sexual assaults on ten minors . . . were independent of each other and
should not have been consolidated with each other.” (Id.). We disagree.
Our Supreme Court has established a three part test . . .
for deciding the issue of joinder versus severance of offenses
from different informations. The court must determine
whether the evidence of each of the offenses would
be admissible in a separate trial for the other;
whether such evidence is capable of separation by
the jury so as to avoid danger of confusion; and, if
the answers to these inquiries are in the affirmative,
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whether the defendant will be unduly prejudiced by
the consolidation of offenses.
Commonwealth v. Thomas, 879 A.2d 246, 260 (Pa. Super. 2005), appeal
denied, 989 A.2d 917 (Pa. 2010) (quoting Commonwealth v. Lark, 543
A.2d 491, 497 (Pa. 1988)); see also Pa.R.Crim.P. 582(A)(1)(a).
Further, “[o]ur Supreme Court previously has held that consolidation
was appropriate where the ages and races of the victims were similar, where
the assaults occurred close in time and at similar locations, where the
assaults were achieved through similar means, and where the assaults
involved similar crimes.” Commonwealth v. Smith, 47 A.3d 862, 869 (Pa.
Super. 2012), appeal denied, 60 A.3d 536 (Pa. 2012) (citations omitted).
Here, the record reflects that the ten victims were between the ages of
ten and fifteen; the sexual assaults occurred within a one-mile radius
between February 23, 2003 and March 27, 2003; and the victims positively
identified Appellant. (See Zamichieli, No. 1660 EDA 2009, at *1-3).
Appellant baldly states that “[t]here was a very real threat that the jurors
may be prejudiced against him[.]” (Appellant’s Brief, at 17). However,
Appellant has not developed this argument; thus, he has not demonstrated
that he suffered actual prejudice. Therefore, consolidation was proper. See
Thomas, supra at 260.
Furthermore, the PCRA court explained that “the evidence of each of
the offenses would be admissible in a separate trial for the other; [the trial]
court gave proper jury instructions to avoid [any] danger of confusion to the
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jurors; and[] no resulting prejudice resulted by the consolidation of
offenses[.]” (PCRA Court Opinion, 2/04/15, at 5). Upon review, we agree
and conclude that the record supports the court’s dismissal of Appellant’s
PCRA petition where he has failed to plead and prove the arguable merit and
prejudice prongs of the Pierce test. Accordingly, Appellant’s second issue
does not merit relief.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 6/17/2015
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Com. v. Zamichieli, L.
Combined Opinion