BLD-234 NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
_____________
No. 14-1880
_____________
HENRY UNSELD WASHINGTON,
Appellant
v.
WARDEN SCI-GREENE; BYUNGHAK JIN Doctor, SCI-Greene;
PRISON HEALTH SERVICES, INC., (“PHS”) PA. Doc. Health Care Providers;
SECRETARY PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, DOC
Commissioner; LORI WHITE, Deputy Commissioner; JEFFREY MARTIN, Deputy
Warden SCI-Greene; MARK CAPPOZZA, Deputy Warden SCI-Greene; DANNY
DAVIS, Warden Assistant, SCI-Greene; TRACY SHAWLEY, Warden’s Assistant, SCI-
Greene; DIANE THOMAS, Administrative 2, SCI-Greene; LORINDA WINGFIELD,
also known as Lorinda Winfield; W. LEGGETT; P. WALKER, RHU Commander, SCI-
Greene; C.A. HAYWOOD, Captain of Security, SCI-Greene; ARMSTRONG, Lieutenant
of Security, SCI-Greene; V. SANTOYO, Lieutenant of Security, SCI-Greene;
D. A. KNISELY; A. MORRIS, Lieutenant of Security, SCI-Greene; S. P. DURCO,
Lieutenant of Security, SCI-Greene; GREGO; J. M. SMITH, Sergeant, SCI-Greene;
DORSEY, Sergeant, SCI-Greene; S. GERVIN; STEWART, Sergeant, SCI-Greene; R. L.
RENNER, Sergeant, SCI-Greene; FARRIER, Sergeant, SCI-Greene;
BOWLEN, Corrections Officers, SCI-Greene; MS. R. HAYES, Corrections Officer, SCI-
Greene; RUSH, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; J.C. MARDERNESS, Corrections
Officer, SCI-Greene; MAYER, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; MCDOWSVILLE,
Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; SHAFFER, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene;
STEPHENS, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; MS. T. M. LORA, Corrections Officer,
SCI-Greene; S. W. NEWCOMER, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; J. ARDABELL,
Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; STUMP, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene;
NELSON, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; T. S. OSWALD, Corrections Officer, SCI-
Greene; T. A. CONKLIN, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; K.E. VOUGHT, Corrections
Officer, SCI-Greene; T. R. GRUMP, Corrections Officer, SCI- Greene; KULK,
Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; JONES, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; J. D.
SUHAN, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; E.M. BOGDEN, Corrections Officer, SCI-
Greene; S. A. ARDABELL, Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; MICHELE
ANTANOVICH, Nurse Practitioner, SCI-Greene; MICHELE L. HOWARD-DIGGS,
PAC; IRMA VIHLIDAL, Health Care Administrator, SCI-Greene; NEDRA GREGO,
Nurses Supervisor, SCI-Greene; JOHNNY MCANANY, Nurses Supervisor, SCI-Greene;
R. DIETZ, Psychiatric Coordinator, SCI-Greene; ASSAD KAHN, Psychiatrist, SCI-
Greene; D. SWARTZ, Counselor, SCI-Greene; D. GEEHRING, Mail Inspector
Supervisor, SCI-Greene; HENDRICKS, Property Officer, SCI-Greene; J. SMITH,
Corrections Officer, SCI-Greene; WILLIAM JOSIAH TRBOVICH; MS. DONALDSON
____________________________________
On Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Western District of Pennsylvania
(D.C. Civil No. 2-11-cv-01046)
District Judge: Honorable Terrence F. McVerry
____________________________________
Submitted for Possible Dismissal Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)
or Summary Action Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6
June 11, 2015
Before: AMBRO, JORDAN and KRAUSE, Circuit Judges
(Opinion filed: June 18, 2015)
___________
OPINION*
___________
PER CURIAM
Appellant, Henry Washington, appeals the District Court’s order dismissing his
pro se amended complaint. Upon consideration of the record, we conclude that the
District Court properly determined that Washington’s amended complaint was subject to
summary dismissal for failure to comply with Rule 8 of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure. Because the appeal presents no substantial question, we will affirm the
judgment of the District Court.
*
This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not
constitute binding precedent.
2
In August 2011, Washington filed a complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 in the
United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, together with a
motion seeking leave to proceed in forma pauperis. The complaint was forty-one pages
in length (handwritten and single-spaced) and named fifty-nine defendants, most of
whom are current or former employees and medical providers at the State Correctional
Institution at Greene in Pennsylvania. Washington alleged violations of his rights under
the First, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments, as well as violations
of 42 U.S.C. §§ 1983, 1985, 1986 and 1988, and the Religious Land Use and
Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000, 42 U.S.C. § 2000cc-1(a). Washington was granted
in forma pauperis status, and the Magistrate Judge (“MJ”) to whom the complaint was
referred instructed him of the need to file an amended complaint wherein he “name[d]
every defendant and clearly state[d] any and all claims against each defendant.” See
MJ’s Order entered Sept. 13, 2011 at 2.
We need not go into the details of all that ensued during the following two and a
half-year period as the District Court has painstakingly summarized the proceedings and
filings that comprise the forty-seven pages of docket entries that resulted from
Washington’s numerous and voluminous filings. See D. Ct. Mem. Order entered Mar. 4,
2014. Suffice it to say that, contrary to the court’s instructions, Washington ultimately
filed a 174-page amended complaint on August 23, 2013, that was anything but clear and
concise. Defendants filed motions seeking to have Washington’s amended complaint
dismissed for, inter alia, his failure to comply with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
3
On March 4, 2014, the District Court entered an order granting defendants’ motions to
the extent they sought such a dismissal under the Federal Rules.
The District Court found that the amended complaint “defies the basic pleading
elements of the Federal Rules.” See id. at 10. In particular, the District Court noted that
Washington’s amended complaint “does not remotely comply with Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 8,” but instead “contain[s] hundreds of factual averments written in minutely
small, and mostly illegible, handwriting” and “is best described as a ‘kitchen-sink’ or
‘shotgun’ complaint, where a plaintiff brings every conceivable claim against every
conceivable defendant.” Id. Insofar as it was apparent from the numerous pleadings
submitted that Washington was unable or unwilling to file a conforming complaint, the
District Court dismissed the action without further leave to amend. This timely appeal
followed.
We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291. While we exercise plenary
review over the District Court’s dismissal of a complaint, see Tourscher v. McCullough,
184 F.3d 236, 240 (3d Cir. 1999), we review the District Court’s dismissal of a complaint
for failure to comply with Rule 8 for an abuse of discretion. See In re Westinghouse Sec.
Litig., 90 F.3d 696, 702 (3d Cir. 1996). We find no such abuse here.
Upon review of the record, and holding Washington’s amended complaint to less
stringent standards in light of his pro se status as did the District Court, see Erickson v.
Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 94 (2007), we agree with the District Court that the complaint failed
to comply with Rule 8. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8(a) requires a pleading to
contain “a short and plain statement of the grounds for the court’s jurisdiction” and “a
4
short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Fed.
R. Civ. P. 8(a)(1), (2). Each averment must be “simple, concise, and direct.” Id. at
8(d)(1). “Taken together,” Rules 8(a) and 8(d)(1) “underscore the emphasis placed on
clarity and brevity by the federal pleading rules.” In re Westinghouse Sec. Litig., 90 F.3d
at 702 (citation omitted).
Washington’s amended complaint was anything but “simple, concise, and direct.”
The amended complaint consists of approximately 174 pages of allegations, presented
mostly in single-paragraph style, often with paragraphs spanning more than one page. As
the District Court noted, much of the document appears in handwriting that is, at times,
nearly unreadable. The amended complaint lacks “a short and plain statement” of the
court’s jurisdictional grounds and of the claims showing entitlement to relief, see Fed. R.
Civ. P. 8(a), and the allegations are not “simple, concise, and direct.” See Fed. R. Civ.
P. 8(d)(1). It is so excessively voluminous and unfocused as to be unintelligible, and
defies any attempt to meaningfully answer or plead to it. Rather than attempt to
concisely clarify and simplify his allegations, Washington himself notes that he instead
resorted to “using two lines in each space” when redrafting his amended complaint. See
Br. in Supp. of Mot. for Review (entry # 213) at 1. However, cramming twice the
amount of handwritten information into the same physical space did nothing to move
Washington’s filing closer to being one that complied with the dictates of Rule 8.
Accordingly, we conclude that the District Court committed no error in granting
defendants’ motions and dismissing Washington’s amended complaint without further
5
leave to amend.1 See Grayson v. Mayview State Hosp., 293 F.3d 103, 108 (3d Cir.
2002). Because this appeal presents no substantial question, we will affirm the District
Court’s order of dismissal. See Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6.
1
In light of this conclusion, we need not consider the propriety of the District Court’s
conclusion that Washington’s amended complaint runs afoul of Fed. R. Civ. P. 20 as
well.
6