Opinion issued on February 5, 2004.
In The
Court of Appeals
For The
First District of Texas
NO. 01-02-01238-CV
MEHBOOB SHARIF A/K/A BOB SHARIF
D/B/A BURGER KING, Appellant
V.
PAR TECH, INC., Appellee
On Appeal from County Civil Court at Law No. 1
Harris County, Texas
Trial Court Cause No. 750362
MEMORANDUM OPINION
In this restricted appeal, appellant, Mehboob Sharif a/k/a Bob Sharif d/b/a Burger King (“Sharif”), challenges the trial court’s default judgment in favor of appellee, Par Tech, Inc. In his sole point of error, Sharif contends that the trial court erred in granting the post-answer default judgment in favor of Par Tech because Par Tech failed to present any evidence in support of its suit on a sworn account and no reporter’s record was made. We reverse the judgment and remand the case.
Background
Par Tech sued Sharif, and Sharif filed an answer. When the case was called for trial, Sharif did not appear. The trial court rendered a judgment nihil dicit. Sharif then filed this restricted appeal.
Nihil Dicit
Sharif contends that the trial court mistakenly named the suit a judgment nihil dicit. Nihil dicit literally means “he says nothing.” See Frymire Eng’g Co. v. Grantham, 524 S.W.2d 680, 680 (Tex. 1975); Black’s Law Dictionary 1067 (7th ed. 1999). A defendant who appears, but does not put the merits of the plaintiff’s case at issue, is subject to judgment nihil dicit. Stoner v. Thompson, 578 S.W.2d 679, 682 (Tex. 1979) (distinguishing among a default judgment, a post-answer default judgment, and a judgment nihil dicit). A judgment nihil dicit is similar to a no-answer default judgment. Id. However, a judgment nihil dicit carries a stronger confession than a default judgment. Id. A judgment nihil dicit “is an abandonment of every known defense or any defense which ordinary diligence could have disclosed.” O’Quinn v. Tate, 187 S.W.2d 241, 245 (Tex. Civ. App.—Texarkana 1945, writ ref’d). A no-answer default judgment and a judgment nihil dicit are so similar that the same rules apply to each with respect to the effect and validity of the judgment. Stoner, 578 S.W.2d at 682. Both the no-answer default judgment and the judgment nihil dicit differ from a post-answer default judgment where an answer is on file but the defendant fails to appear at the trial. Id.
A post-answer default judgment constitutes neither an abandonment of the defendant’s answer nor an implied confession of any issues joined by the defendant’s answer. Id. Judgment cannot be entered on the pleadings, but the plaintiff must offer evidence and prove his case as in a judgment upon a trial. Id. The judgment in this case was neither a no-answer default judgment nor a judgment nihil dicit, but, rather, a post-answer default judgment.
Restricted Appeal
In his sole point of error, Sharif contends that the trial court erred in granting the post-answer default judgment in favor of Par Tech because Par Tech failed to present any evidence in support of its cause of action. Sharif contends that, because there was no reporter’s record, this Court should grant a new trial.
In contrast to an ordinary appeal, a direct attack by restricted appeal affords no presumptions in support of the judgment challenged. See Chase Bank v. Harris County Water Control & Improvement Dist., 36 S.W.3d 654, 655 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2000, no pet.). An appellant filing a restricted appeal must demonstrate the following elements: (1) appellant appealed within six months after the trial court signed the judgment, (2) appellant was a party to the suit, (3) appellant did not participate at trial, and (4) error appears on the face of the record. See Tex. R. App. P. 30; Quaestor Invs., Inc. v. State of Chiapas, 997 S.W.2d 226, 227 (Tex. 1999).
Here, Sharif filed a notice of restricted appeal within six months of the date of judgment, was a party to the lawsuit, and did not participate at trial. Thus, we turn to whether any error appears on the face of the record.
Reporter’s Record
In Chase Bank, the bank timely filed a notice of appeal after a post-answer default judgment. 36 S.W.3d at 655. The bank discovered that the court reporter did not record any testimony and, therefore, no record was made. Id. We held that, “[i]f the judgment is rendered after presentation of evidence to the court in the absence of the appellant and his attorney, the failure to have the court reporter present to make a record constitutes reversible error.” Id. Further, we stated that, “[s]uch error is not harmless because, without a reporter’s record, this Court is unable to determine if sufficient evidence was submitted to support the judgment.” Id.
The lack of a reporter’s record in a post-answer default judgment requires reversal when the appellant is unable to obtain a statement of facts. See Rogers v. Rogers, 561 S.W.2d 172, 173–74 (Tex. 1978); Smith v. Smith, 544 S.W.2d 121, 122 (Tex. 1976); Robinson v. Robinson, 487 S.W.2d 713, 715 (Tex. 1972). Accordingly, we find that, because there was no reporter’s record of the post-answer default judgment, we must reverse this case for a new trial.
We sustain Sharif’s sole point of error.
Conclusion
We reverse the judgment of the trial court and remand the case for further proceedings.
George C. Hanks, Jr.
Justice
Panel consists of Justices Taft, Jennings, and Hanks.