In The
Court of Appeals
Sixth Appellate District of Texas at Texarkana
______________________________
No. 06-08-00061-CV
______________________________
HAROLD JAMES, INDIVIDUALLY AND AS REPRESENTATIVE
OF THE ESTATE OF OPAL LEE JAMES, DECEASED,
AND ALFRED E. DAWSON, JEROLD W. JAMES,
AND CASANDRA JAMES ROGERS, Appellants
V.
ATLANTA MEMORIAL HOSPITAL AND
ATLANTA MEMORIAL HOSPITAL FOUNDATION, Appellees
On Appeal from the 5th Judicial District Court
Cass County, Texas
Trial Court No. 05-C-742
Before Morriss, C.J., Carter and Moseley, JJ.
Memorandum Opinion by Justice Moseley
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Harold James, individually and as representative of the estate of Opal Lee James, Deceased, and Alfred E. Dawson, Jerold W. James, and Casandra James Rogers, the appellants in this case, have filed a motion seeking to dismiss their appeal. Pursuant to Tex. R. App. P. 42.1, their motion is granted.
We dismiss the appeal.
Bailey C. Moseley
Justice
Date Submitted: June 26, 2008
Date Decided: June 27, 2008
subsequently declined to prosecute the cases against Conkleton.
On August 21, 2001, Conkleton filed an original petition in the 102nd Judicial District Court alleging that the appellees had falsely arrested and imprisoned her. James Carlow, County Judge of Bowie County, Gibson L. Hadaway and Steven C. Young, Justices of the Peace for Bowie County, and George Huggins and Fred Waltman, sheriff's deputies with Bowie County, were defendants. On October 5, 2001, Conkleton filed a motion for summary judgment and a motion to recuse the trial judge, the Honorable John Miller, Jr. Appellees filed their response to the recusal motion on October 18, 2001, alleging that Conkleton failed to verify the recusal motion as required by the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure. On December 4, 2001, appellees filed a response to Conkleton's motion for summary judgment and filed their own motion for summary judgment.
The trial court referred the recusal motion to the Administrative Law Judge, who assigned the Honorable Paul Banner for a hearing pursuant to Tex. R. Civ. P. 18a. Judge Banner denied Conkleton's motion to recuse Judge Miller.
On January 30, 2002, the trial court, with the Honorable John Miller, Jr., presiding, denied Conkleton's motion for summary judgment and granted the appellees' motion for summary judgment. In her first point of error, Conkleton contends the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction of this case. (1) Conkleton's petition alleges that Bowie County officials falsely imprisoned her on charges of theft and engaging in organized criminal activity. A district court's jurisdiction consists of appellate and original jurisdiction of all actions, proceedings, and remedies, except in cases where exclusive appellate or original jurisdiction is conferred by the constitution or other law on some other court, tribunal, or administrative body. Tex. Const. art. V, § 8; see also Tex. Gov't Code Ann. § 24.007 (Vernon 1988). A district court may hear and determine any cause cognizable by courts of law or equity and may grant any relief that can be granted by either courts of law or equity. Tex. Gov't Code Ann. § 24.008 (Vernon 1988). False imprisonment is a claim in equity. Kroger Co. v. Demakes, 566 S.W.2d 653 (Tex. App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1978, writ ref'd n.r.e.); see also State v. Vargas, 419 S.W.2d 926 (Tex. App.-San Antonio 1967), aff'd, 424 S.W.2d 416 (1968) (district court has jurisdiction over false imprisonment claim). Thus, the district court had subject matter jurisdiction to hear Conkleton's case.
In her second point, Conkleton contends Judge Banner erred by denying her motion to recuse Judge Miller. Conkleton's recusal motion alleged that Judge Miller "works closely with members of the criminal justice system [who prosecute] crimes for this district just like all said defendants" and that she "just [does] not trust Judge Miller and [does] not believe he will be able to try this case fairly and impartially."
[A]ny party may file with the clerk of the court a motion stating grounds why the judge before whom the case is pending should not sit in the case. The grounds may include any disability of the judge to sit in the case. The motion shall be verified and must state with particularity the grounds why the judge before whom the case is pending should not sit. The motion shall be made on personal knowledge and shall set forth such facts as would be admissible in evidence provided that facts may be stated upon information and belief if grounds of such are specifically stated.
Tex. R. Civ. P. 18a(a) (emphasis added).
We review the denial of a motion to recuse by an abuse of discretion standard. Tex. R. Civ. P. 18a(f). The test for abuse of discretion is not whether, in the opinion of the reviewing court, the facts present an appropriate case for the trial court's action, but rather, whether the court acted without reference to any guiding rules or principles, and the mere fact that a trial court may decide a matter within its discretionary authority differently than an appellate judge would, does not demonstrate such an abuse. Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238 (Tex. 1985).
A trial court does not abuse its discretion by overruling a recusal motion that does not comply with the rules. Stafford v. State, 63 S.W.3d 502, 507 (Tex. App.-Texarkana 2001, pet. ref'd); Gill v. Tex. Dep't of Criminal Justice, Inst. Div., 3 S.W.3d 576, 579 (Tex. App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1999, no pet.). Conkleton's recusal motion is unverified. Thus, her motion fails to meet the requirements of Rule 18a, so the trial court did not err by denying her motion.
In her third point, Conkleton contends that "the Bowie County District Court knowingly and intentionally left out filed [sic] marked copies of the plaintiff's plea and motion just to give the defendant[s] an advantage over this case."
A pro se litigant is held to the same standards as licensed attorneys and must therefore comply with applicable laws and rules of procedure. Chandler v. Chandler, 991 S.W.2d 367, 379 (Tex. App.-El Paso 1999, pet. denied), cert. denied, 529 U.S. 1054 (2000); In re Estate of Dilasky, 972 S.W.2d 763 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 1998, no pet.); Greenstreet v. Heiskell, 940 S.W.2d 831, 834 (Tex. App.-Amarillo 1997, no writ); Clark v. Yarbrough, 900 S.W.2d 406, 409 (Tex. App.-Texarkana 1995, writ denied). No allowance is to be made for the fact that a litigant is not an attorney. Weaver v. E-Z Mart Stores, Inc., 942 S.W.2d 167, 169 (Tex. App.-Texarkana 1997, no writ). If pro se litigants were not required to comply with the applicable procedural rules, they would be given an unfair advantage over litigants represented by counsel. Mansfield State Bank v. Cohn, 573 S.W.2d 181, 184-85 (Tex. 1978); Lin v. Houston Cmty. Coll. Sys., 948 S.W.2d 328, 336 (Tex. App.-Amarillo 1997, writ denied).
Conkleton presents no further argument or authorities in support of her third point of error. She does not indicate what documents she believes are missing from the appellate record; she instead phrases her argument in broad, general terms. She has not filed a request to have the appellate record supplemented. See Tex. R. App. P. 34.5(c). She does not specify or describe the allegedly missing pleadings or include an appendix with file-marked copies of the documents she claims are absent. Conkleton also has not requested an abatement for a hearing before the trial court on the allegedly missing documents.
A point of error that is not adequately supported by either argument or authorities is waived. Ralston Purina Co. v. McKendrick, 850 S.W.2d 629, 637 (Tex. App.-San Antonio 1993, writ denied). After a search of the record, we are unable to discern what documents Conkleton believes are missing; therefore, Conkleton's final point of error is overruled.
For the reasons stated, we affirm the trial court's judgment.
William J. Cornelius*
Justice
Date Submitted: August 8, 2002
Date Decided: October 31, 2002
Do Not Publish
*William J. Cornelius, Chief Justice, Retired, Sitting by Assignment
1. We note an interesting paradox in Conkleton's first point of error: she chose to file her suit
with the district court, presumably because she believed the court had subject matter jurisdiction;
now she would have us find she was mistaken to file her suit with the district court. Though we
might be tempted to dismiss her point of error as the result of her own doing, such a course is
improper. Unlike personal jurisdiction, subject matter jurisdiction cannot be waived. Therefore, we
will address the merits of her claim.