IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AT AMARILLO
PANEL D
SEPTEMBER 30, 2004
______________________________
DAVID CAFFERY, APPELLANT
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE
_________________________________
FROM THE 359TH DISTRICT COURT OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY;
NO. 98-05-00463-CR; HONORABLE KATHLEEN A. HAMILTON, JUDGE
_______________________________
Before QUINN and REAVIS and CAMPBELL, JJ.
MEMORANDUM OPINIONPursuant to a plea of guilty, appellant David Caffery was convicted of two counts of aggravated sexual assault of a child and sentenced by a jury to concurrent 20 year sentences and $5,000 fines. Presenting three issues, appellant contends the trial court erred (1) in failing to sua sponte withdraw his guilty plea and enter a plea of not guilty after he testified before the jury during the punishment hearing that he had no memory of committing the offenses charged, (2) by directing the jury to find him guilty, and (3) by interviewing the complaining witness and two of the State's other witnesses in camera without notice to him or his attorney or without him or his attorney being present prior to deciding to reject a proposed plea bargain and prior to a determination of guilt or innocence. We affirm.
Appellant's contentions require only a brief review of the events in the trial court. Shortly prior to July 25, 2003, the State and appellant reached a plea bargain agreement under which he would plead guilty in exchange for a 10 year sentence. On Friday, July 25, 2003, appellant and his counsel appeared before the court with the State's attorney to "do the plea." While appellant's counsel was appearing in another court, and without knowledge or consent, the trial court conducted an in camera interview of the victim and her family members in her chambers out of the presence of the court reporter, State's counsel, or appellant. When counsel returned to the courtroom, the trial court informed counsel that she was aware of the plea bargain, but announced she declined to accept it. The case was then set for trial on punishment the following Monday. On Monday morning when the case was called both sides announced ready. After appellant's plea was received and the signed admonitions and stipulations were admitted into evidence without objection, the case was presented to the jury for punishment.
By his first issue, appellant contends the trial court erred in failing to sua sponte withdraw his guilty plea and enter a plea of not guilty after he testified before the jury during the punishment hearing that he had no memory of committing the offenses charged. By his second issue, he contends the trial court erred by directing the jury to find him guilty. Considering these two issues together, we disagree.
In addition to the standard admonishments, appellant signed a stipulation of evidence and judicially confessed the facts alleged in the indictments. These stipulations were verified by his oath administered by the court clerk. Also, the written stipulations and admission of facts signed by appellant were approved by his counsel. Notwithstanding counsel's able briefing, at the time he prepared appellant's brief, he did not have the benefit of Mendez v. State, 138 S.W.3d 334, 350 (Tex.Cr.App. 2004) (en banc), issued on June 30, 2004. The authorities relied on by appellant are not controlling because under Mendez, the trial court does not have a duty to change a defendant's plea on its own motion. Issues one and two are overruled.
By his third issue, appellant contends the trial court erred by interviewing the complaining witness and two of the State's other witnesses in camera without notice to him or his attorney or without him or his attorney being present prior to deciding to reject a proposed plea bargain and prior to a determination of guilt or innocence. With commendable professional candor, the State does not challenge appellant's assertion of error, but contends the error was not preserved for review. We agree with the State.
The trial court informed appellant's counsel of the in camera conference with the victim and family members on July 25, 2003. When the case was called for trial, (1) appellant's counsel announced ready and the trial commenced without any objection. Although by his motion for new trial and argument here appellant suggests that the judge should have been recused to hear the case, by his failure to present a motion to recuse, he waived any error. See Arnold v. State, 853 S.W.2d 543, 544-45 (Tex.Cr.App. 1993). Similarly, any grounds for mistrial were waived by appellant's failure to move for mistrial before announcing ready. See Powell v. State, 502 S.W.2d 705, 711 (Tex.Cr.App. 1973). Issue three presents nothing for review and is overruled.
Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
Don H. Reavis
Justice
Do not publish.
1. The in camera conference by the judge with the victim and family members and the report to counsel of the conference and her decision to reject the plea bargain appears in the reporter's record made during the evidentiary hearing on appellant's motion for new trial.
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NO. 07-10-00496-CV
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AT AMARILLO
PANEL A
JANUARY 21, 2011
PATRICK GARCIA, APPELLANT
v.
DICKENS COUNTY, CITY OF SPUR,
SPUR INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT
IN THEIR OFFICIAL CAPACITY, APPELLEES
FROM THE 110TH DISTRICT COURT OF DICKENS COUNTY;
NO. 4473; HONORABLE J. BLAIR CHERRY, JR., JUDGE
Before CAMPBELL and HANCOCK and PIRTLE, JJ.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Appearing pro se, Patrick Garcia attempts to appeal a summary judgment order dismissing all claims he asserts against appellee Dickens County. Finding the summary judgment order does not dispose of all parties to the litigation and is not an appealable interlocutory order, we dismiss the appeal for want of appellate jurisdiction.
According to the record, on July 23, 2010, Garcia filed suit against the county seeking reformation of a deed to real property he acquired at a tax sale. The county answered on August 30. On October 7, it filed a motion for summary judgment contending Garcias claims are barred by limitations and a deed reservation Garcia complains of is permitted by statute. The same day, the county filed a motion to dismiss, in which it pointed out the City of Spur and the Spur Independent School District also were grantors under the tax deed to Garcia and that he had failed to join those entities. Garcia filed an amended petition on October 21 naming the city and the school district as parties to his suit.
In response to the countys motion for summary judgment, the trial court signed an order on November 1, dismiss[ing] all claims asserted by Patrick Garcia against Dickens County. Garcia filed a notice of appeal on November 30. Now before us is a motion filed by the county requesting dismissal of the appeal on the ground that the trial courts order of November 1 does not dispose of Garcias claims against the city and the school district, and thus is an unappealable interlocutory order. Garcia has filed a response.
Generally, an appeal may be taken only from a final judgment. See Lehmann v. Har-Con Corp., 39 S.W.3d 191, 195 (Tex. 2001) (stating rule). A judgment is final for purposes of appeal if it disposes of all pending parties and claims. Id. at 191; North East Independent School Dist. v. Aldridge, 400 S.W.2d 893, 895 (Tex. 1966); see Farmer v. Ben E. Keith Co., 907 S.W.2d 495, 496 (Tex. 1995) (per curiam) (appellate timetable runs from day trial court signs whatever order disposes of any parties or issues remaining before the court). Although a judgment following a trial on the merits is presumed to be final, there is no such presumption of finality following a summary judgment or default judgment. In re Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse of McAllen, Inc., 167 S.W.3d 827, 829 (Tex. 2005). Certain interlocutory orders, however, are made immediately appealable by statute. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 51.014 (West 2008); Jack B. Anglin Co., Inc. v. Tipps, 842 S.W.2d 266, 272 (Tex. 1992).[1] The absence of an appealable order deprives an appellate court of jurisdiction to consider the appeal. Qwest Communications Corp. v. AT&T Corp., 24 S.W.3d 334, 336 (Tex. 2000).
Here, the county moved for summary judgment which the trial court granted. The order expressly references the claims Garcia asserts against the county. It does not mention the claims he asserts against the city and the school district and we conclude it is not capable of such an interpretation. Moreover, the order does not come within any of the limited categories of interlocutory orders made immediately appealable by statute. We therefore lack appellate jurisdiction. We dismiss Garcias appeal for want of jurisdiction.[2] Tex. R. App. P. 42.3(a).
James T. Campbell
Justice
[1] A trial court may order an interlocutory appeal in a civil action not otherwise available for interlocutory appeal on the occurrence of specified conditions. Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 51.014(d) (West 2008). Those conditions have not occurred here.
[2] Because the appeal is dismissed for want of jurisdiction, we express no opinion on the merits.