IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AT AMARILLO
PANEL D
JUNE 15, 2005
______________________________RAYMOND W. DENTON,
Appellant
v.
THE STATE OF TEXAS,
Appellee
_________________________________FROM THE 356TH DISTRICT COURT OF HARDIN COUNTY;
NO. 14,449; HON. BRITT PLUNK, PRESIDING _______________________________
Memorandum Opinion _______________________________
Before QUINN, C.J., and REAVIS and CAMPBELL, JJ.
Raymond W. Denton appeals his conviction for indecency with a child and life sentence through five issues. (1) In them, he complains that 1) he was denied the effective assistance of counsel because his counsel was unprepared, 2) the trial court erred in overruling his objection to the introduction of extraneous offenses, 3) the trial court erred in allowing the introduction of photographs of the alleged victim, 4) the trial court erred in allowing rebuttal testimony from the State, and 5) the trial court erred in admitting, during the punishment phase, testimony from two witnesses who were not on the State's witness list. Despite the State having not favored us with an appellee's brief, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Issue One - Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
Appellant first argues that he received ineffective assistance of counsel because his trial attorney was not prepared for trial. We overrule the issue.
Appellant had the burden to not only show deficient performance but also illustrate how it prejudiced him. Thompson v. State, 9 S.W.3d 808 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999). Moreover, the failure to establish either element defeats the claim. Rylander v. State, 101 S.W.3d 107, 110 (Tex. Crim. App. 2003).
Though appellant broached the issue of deficient performance, he said nothing of prejudice; that is, he did not attempt to illustrate that but for his counsel's unpreparedness there existed a probability that the outcome would have differed. See Rylander v. State, 101 S.W.3d at 109-10 (so defining the element of prejudice). Nor did appellant suggest that the circumstance jeopardized a potentially viable defense. Given this, we cannot say that appellant carried his burden of proof, as that burden is described in Thompson and Rylander. See McFarland v. State, 928 S.W.2d 482, 501 (Tex. Crim. App. 1996), overruled on other grounds by Mosley v. State, 983 S.W.2d 249 (Tex. Crim. App. 1998) (stating that a conviction will not be reversed due to the failure to investigate unless the conduct resulted in the loss of a viable defense); Dennis v. State 151 S.W.3d 745 (Tex. App.-Amarillo 2004, pet ref'd) (holding that the appellant did not carry his burden of proof when he failed to address the issue of prejudice).
Issue No. 2 - Extraneous Offenses
In his second issue, appellant complains about the admission of evidence of other instances of sexual misconduct with the same child. We overrule the issue.
Notwithstanding Rule 404 of the Rules of Evidence, evidence of other crimes, wrongs, and acts committed by the defendant against the child complainant shall be admitted for its bearing on relevant matters such as "the previous and subsequent relationship between the defendant and the child" victim. Tex. Code Crim. Proc. Ann. art. 38.37 §2(2) (Vernon 2005). Additionally, evidence of prior sexual indecencies with or assaults against the child falls within the scope of this statute and, therefore, is admissible. Gutierrez v. State, 8 S.W.3d 739, 749 (Tex. App.-Austin 1999, no pet.). Thus, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in admitting the evidence at issue.
Issue No. 3 - Photographs
Appellant next complains about the admission of two enlarged photographs of the victim's genitalia. They should have been excluded, he continues, because they were not previously disclosed to him per "the Courts [sic] earlier ruling on Discoverable [sic] items." We overrule the issue.
Appellant sought no continuance in response to the State's belated disclosure of evidence. That resulted in the waiver of his complaint. Lindley v. State, 635 S.W.2d 541, 543-44 (Tex. Crim. App. 1982); Taylor v. State, 93 S.W.3d 487, 502 (Tex. App.-Texarkana 2002, pet. ref'd) (holding that the failure to request a continuance waives any violation of a discovery order).
Issue No. 4 - Rebuttal Testimony
Next, appellant argues that the trial court should not have admitted rebuttal testimony offered by the State. We overrule the issue.
The testimony in question encompassed appellant's status as an alcoholic and a person who ingested drugs. Furthermore, it was offered in response to prior testimony given by appellant's mother; she had said, when questioned by the defense, that appellant only drank beer sporadically and that she had never seen him use drugs. The rebuttal testimony depicted him as an alcoholic and drug abuser, however.
Generally, when a defendant creates a false impression via testimony of a witness, he opens the door for the State to respond and correct the impression. Wheeler v. State, 67 S.W.3d 879, 886 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002); see also Rodriguez v. State, 974 S.W.2d 364, 369 (Tex. App.-Amarillo 1998, pet. ref'd) (stating that when a witness responds to defense counsel that the defendant lacked the nature to do that of which he was accused, it opened the door for the State to present evidence impeaching the response). Yet, it may do so only through the cross-examination of the witness, not by calling another witness. Wheeler v. State, 67 S.W.3d at 885. So, to the extent that the testimony of appellant's mother created a false impression that appellant drank minimally and did not use drugs, the State was free to impeach or correct it via the cross-examination of that witness. However, it could not do so by calling another witness. Since the latter occurred over the defendant's objection, the court erred.
Having found error, we must now determine whether it affected a substantial right of appellant. See Tex. R. App. P. 44.2(b); see also Johnson v. State, 967 S.W.2d 410, 417 (Tex. Crim. App.1998); Matz v. State, 21 S.W.3d 911, 192 (Tex. App.-Fort Worth 2000, pet. ref'd) (stating that errors regarding the admission of evidence are reversible only if they affected the defendant's substantial rights). The record discloses that the evidence of appellant's guilt was rather overwhelming. Indeed, the victim gave extensive testimony inculpating appellant. Medical evidence comported with the victim's testimony, and the victim's sister heard the victim ask appellant to stop. And, while the mother's testimony and rebuttal to it were mentioned in closing, the allusions were brief. Given this, we conclude that the error did not affect a substantial right of appellant and find the error harmless. See Venable v. State, 113 S.W.3d 797, 801 (Tex. App.-Beaumont 2003, no pet.) (concluding that error was harmless when the proof of guilt was overwhelming and the inadmissible evidence received minimal attention from the State).
Issue No. Five - Testimony of Undisclosed Witnesses
In his last issue, appellant complains of the trial court's decision to permit the State to offer the testimony of two witnesses (during the punishment phase of the trial) whose names were missing from its witness list. Their testimony should have been excluded, according to appellant, because of the revelation of the names was untimely. We overrule the issue.
Again, appellant did not move for a continuance when faced with the belated disclosure. Having failed in that regard, he waived his complaint. Lindley v. State, supra; Taylor v. State, supra.
Having overruled each issue, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Brian Quinn
Chief Justice
Do not publish.
1. Appellant was charged with aggravated sexual assault of his 13-year-old daughter who came to live
with him when she was ten. The jury convicted him of the lesser-included offense of indecency with a child.
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NO. 07-11-0236-CV
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AT AMARILLO
PANEL B
JUNE 21, 2011
______________________________
In re BARRY DWAYNE MINNFEE,
Relator
_________________________________
ON ORIGINAL PROCEEDING FOR WRIT OF MANDAMUS
_______________________________
Before QUINN, C.J., and CAMPBELL and HANCOCK, JJ.
Pending before this court is the application of Barry Dwayne Minnfee for a writ of mandamus. He requests that we direct [the] District Court Judge to act on [sic] Intentional Tort May 23rd (2011). We deny the application for the reasons that follow.
First, rules of procedure obligate one seeking mandamus relief to accompany his petition with an appendix. Tex. R. App. P. 52.3(j). The latter must include, among other things, a certified or sworn copy of the document showing the matter complained of. In this case, the document showing the matter complained of would be the document filed with the district court upon which it is supposed to act. This Minnfee failed to do.
Second, nothing of record indicates that the document was brought to the attention of the district court. Simply put, before mandamus relief may issue, the petitioner must establish that the district court 1) had a legal duty to perform a non-discretionary act, 2) was asked to perform the act, and 3) failed or refused to do it. OConnor v. First Court of Appeals, 837 S.W.2d 94, 97 (Tex. 1992); In re Chavez, 62 S.W.3d 225, 228 (Tex. App.Amarillo 2001, orig. proceeding). Given this, it is encumbent upon Minnfee to illustrate that the district court received and was aware of his request. This is so because a court cannot be faulted for doing nothing when it is or was unaware of the need to act. Here, Minnfee fails to state in his petition that he has made the trial court aware of his request. Lacking that information, we cannot simply assume that the district court knew of its duty to act and neglected to perform it. Thus, Minnfee has not fulfilled his burden to illustrate that the trial court refused to act.
Accordingly, the application for writ of mandamus pending before this court is denied.
Per Curiam