NO. 07-03-0052-CV
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AT AMARILLO
PANEL A
APRIL 12, 2005
______________________________
JAMES JONGEBLOED, APPELLANT
V.
HORKEY OIL COMPANY, INC., APPELLEE
_________________________________
FROM THE 99TH DISTRICT COURT OF LUBBOCK COUNTY;
NO. 2001-512,745-A; HONORABLE MACKEY HANCOCK, JUDGE
_______________________________
Before JOHNSON, C.J., and REAVIS and CAMPBELL, JJ.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
James Jongebloed challenges the trial court’s judgment that Horkey Oil Company,
Inc. have and recover $515,887.31, plus interest and costs, based upon a written guaranty
agreement. By four issues, he questions whether (1) an entity that is no longer the holder
of the note, because it has indorsed, transferred possession, and irrevocably assigned
ownership of the note to another entity, can obtain a judgment against a guarantor of the
note for the amount due on the note, (2) the trial court abused its discretion by refusing to
amend the scheduling order, (3) the trial court abused its discretion by allowing an
improperly designated witness to testify about matters the court would not allow
Jongebloed to discover, and (4) the trial court abused its discretion by refusing to allow
Jongebloed’s expert witness to testify. We affirm.
Horkey sold some of its convenience stores in the Midland/Odessa area to Petro
Express, Ltd., a Texas limited partnership, upon Petro’s execution and delivery of a
promissory note for $336,000 and another note for $400,000. In connection with the
acquisition by the limited partnership, William Bobbora, Richard Stinson, and Jongebloed
executed a written guaranty agreement dated February 8, 1999, by which each guaranteed
payment of the $400,000 note. In December 1999, Horkey transferred the $400,000 note
to Plains National Bank, with recourse and warranties to secure payment of a note of its
president, Joe R. Horkey, to the bank and also executed a commercial security agreement
covering the $400,000 as collateral for payment of its president’s note to the bank. When
Petro defaulted on the $400,000 note, on February 14, 2001, Horkey sued Petro and
Bobbora, Stinson, and Jongebloed on their guaranties. After Horkey’s claims against
Jongebloed were severed into the underlying cause, it filed its first amended petition
asserting claims against Jongebloed based on the written guaranty.1 In response, by
1
At the time of the severance, Jongebloed’s pleadings included a general denial and
affirmative defenses of breach of contract and fraud.
2
supplemental answers, Jongebloed asserted (1) Horkey was not entitled to recover in the
capacity in which it sued, (2) a defect in parties and that Horkey was not a proper party,
(3) the contract was without consideration or had failed and Horkey was not the owner and
holder of the guaranty agreement, and (4) he did not sign the guaranty agreement.
Jongebloed’s counsel announced that Jongebloed acknowledged he signed the
guaranty agreement. A jury trial was waived and the case was tried to the bench on
October 14, 1992. Upon conclusion of the trial, the trial court signed a judgment that
Horkey recover damages against Jongebloed based upon the guaranty agreement.
By his first issue, Jongebloed contends that because Horkey had indorsed,
transferred possession, and irrevocably assigned ownership of the note to the bank, it
could not obtain a judgment against the guarantor of the note for the amount due
thereunder. We disagree.
Because the trial court’s findings of fact are not challenged, we will conduct our
review in the context of the findings and applicable law. See McGalliard v. Kuhlmann, 722
S.W.2d 694, 696 (Tex. 1986); Northwest Park Homeowners Ass’n, Inc. v. Brundrett, 970
S.W.2d 700, 704 (Tex.App.–Amarillo 1998, pet. denied). The copy of the note admitted
into evidence contained Horkey’s transfer of the note “with recourse and warranties on
Horkey Oil Company, Inc.” Among other things, the commercial security agreement
1. described the promissory note;
3
2. granted the bank a security interest in the note;
3. provided that Horkey “is and shall remain the sole owner of the
collateral;” and
4. provided that the written security agreement represented the
complete and integrated understanding between the “Owner and
Lender” regarding the terms therein.
In addition to other findings, the trial court found:
2. [o]n or about December 15, 1999, Horkey Oil Company, Inc. granted a
security interest in the Petro Express, Ltd. note to PNB Financial Bank.
Horkey Oil Company, Inc. did not give PNB Financial Bank a security
interest in Defendant James Jongebloed’s individual guaranty agreement.
3. [t]he note was not conveyed to PNB Financial Bank and at all times
germane to this litigation Horkey Oil Company, Inc. was the party entitled to
pursue collection of the note and the individual guaranties.
Notwithstanding these findings, Jongebloed argues that Horkey could not proceed to
enforce payment of the guaranty.
A guaranty agreement is not a negotiable instrument and is not governed by the
provisions of section 3.102 of the Texas Business and Commerce Code. Vaughn v. DAP
Financial Services, Inc., 982 S.W.2d 1, 6 (Tex.App.--Houston [1st Dist.] 1997, no pet.)
Further, by paragraph 4(b) of the guaranty, Jongebloed expressly agreed it would not be
necessary nor required that Horkey (holder)2
2
The guaranty expressly designated Horkey Oil Company, Inc. as the “holder.”
4
file suit or proceed to obtain or assert a claim for personal judgment against
any other party (whether maker, guarantor, endorser, or surety) liable for the
Obligations . . . .
According to its terms, the guaranty was not a conditional guarantee or a guaranty
of collection, but instead, expressly provided that Jongebleod unconditionally guaranteed
the prompt payment of the note at maturity. Texas case law recognizes that a transfer of
a guaranty can be implied upon an assignment of a promissory note or other obligation;
however, this is not true in every case. See Escalante v. Luckie, 77 S.W.3d 410, 419
(Tex.App.--Eastland 2002, pet. denied). Although the original of the promissory note had
been delivered to the bank together with the security agreement, the original of the
guaranty agreement remained in the file of Horkey’s attorney.3 In effect, Jongebloed
waived any requirement that Horkey exhaust its rights or take action against Petro as a
condition precedent to its action on the guaranty. Because the provision in the security
agreement that Horkey would remain the sole owner of the note (collateral) is sufficient
evidence to support findings of fact two and three, we are bound by them.
Moreover, Horkey’s transfer of the note “with recourse” operated to obligate Horkey
to pay the bank in the event that Petro did not pay. See Tex Bus. & Com. Code Ann. §
3.415(a) (Vernon 2002). Horkey’s obligation to pay the note upon Petro’s default in
payment of the note was absolute, not contingent. Hubacek v. Ennis State Bank, 159 Tex.
166, 317 S.W.2d 30, 33 (1958). Petro’s default in the timely payment of the note matured
3
Not trial counsel.
5
Horkey’s absolute and non-contingent obligation to pay the note and provided Horkey the
additional ground to prosecute the action to enforce Jongebloed’s unconditional guaranty
of prompt payment of the note. Accordingly, issue one is overruled.
By his second issue, Jongebloed contends the trial court erred in denying his
motion to amend the scheduling order. We disagree. After suit was filed on February 14,
2001, the trial court rendered a scheduling order on May 23, 2001, which set a discovery
deadline of April 29, 2002. The record does not show any effort by Jongebloed to examine
or discover the original promissory note except that after discovery had closed, he and
counsel for Horkey examined the original note at Plains National Bank. Then, on July 23,
2002, the trial court granted a continuance of the merits trial until October 14, 2002. After
a hearing, Jongebloed’s emergency motion for a hearing on the scheduling order was
denied on September 9, 2002.4
Rule 166 of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure authorizes the trial court to make
orders to control proceedings and gives authority to modify an order to prevent manifest
injustice. Because the trial court has the duty “to schedule the cases in such a manner as
to expeditiously dispose of them” and is given wide discretion in managing the docket, an
appellate court will not interfere with the exercise of that discretion absent a showing of
clear abuse. Clanton v. Clark, 639 S.W.2d 929, 931 (Tex. 1982); Trevino v. Trevino, 64
S.W.3d 166, 170 (Tex.App.--San Antonio 2001, no pet.). Although Jongebloed learned
4
Jongebloed did not file his motion until September 6, 2002.
6
about the transfer of possession of the note to the bank on June 20, 2002, he did not
present his request to amend the discovery order for approximately ten weeks. We
conclude Jongebloed did not diligently pursue his efforts for discovery and thus, the trial
court did not abuse its discretion in denying the motion to amend the scheduling order.
Hall v. Rutherford, 911 S.W.2d 422, 427 (Tex.App.--San Antonio 1995, writ denied).
Moreover, a reporter’s record of the hearing on September 9, 2002, was not
provided. Thus, we must presume the trial court did not abuse its discretion because the
claimed error has not been preserved by bill of exception. Tex. R. App. P. 33.1. See also
Hogan v. Credit Motors, Inc. , 827 S.W.2d 392, 393 (Tex.App.--San Antonio 1992), writ
denied, 841 S.W.2d 360 (1992) (per curiam). Issue two is overruled.
Given our analysis and disposition of issues one and two and the fact that the
guaranty supporting the judgment is case specific, a discussion of the remaining points is
pretermitted. Tex. R. App. P. 47.1. See also Marantha Temple v. Enterprise Products, 833
S.W.2d 736, 742 (Tex.App.--Houston [1st Dist.] 1992, writ denied).5
Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
Per Curiam
5
Moreover, even if the issues presented error, a question we do not decide, the
harmless error rule “applies to all errors in that it draws no distinction as to the type of
errors involved in its requirement for reversal.” See Lorusso v. Members Mut. Ins. Co., 603
S.W.2d 818, 820 (Tex. 1980).
7
Johnson, C.J., not participating.
8