NO. 07-07-0339-CR
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AT AMARILLO
PANEL D
DECEMBER 7, 2007
______________________________
JOAQUIN OLIVAS GARCIA,
Appellant
v.
THE STATE OF TEXAS,
Appellee
_________________________________
FROM THE 69TH DISTRICT COURT OF MOORE COUNTY;
NO. 3969; HON. RON ENNS, PRESIDING
_______________________________
Memorandum Opinion
_______________________________
Before QUINN, C.J., and CAMPBELL and PIRTLE, JJ.
Joaquin Olivas Garcia challenges his conviction for possessing a controlled
substance (cocaine). He contends that the trial court should have granted his motion to
suppress. We disagree and affirm the conviction.
To assert a federal or state constitutional challenge to a search, a party must
establish his right to complain by showing he has a reasonable expectation of privacy in
the area searched. Granados v. State, 85 S.W.3d 217, 222-23 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002);
Villareal v. State, 935 S.W.2d 134, 138 (Tex. Crim. App. 1996). The burden of proof on
that issue lies with the party challenging the search, Granados v. State, 85 S.W.3d at 222-
23, and we review the issue of standing de novo. Kothe v. State, 152 S.W.3d 54, 59 (Tex.
Crim. App. 2004).
The only witness at the suppression hearing was Cactus Chief of Police Larry
Kelsay. He testified that he and another officer were dispatched to a particular apartment
on the basis of a disturbance call due to someone yelling and screaming. After knocking,
an individual opened the door and invited the officers inside. Seven persons were in the
living area of the apartment. The officers explained why they were there and were told by
Jesus Chavez, a person they believed resided at the apartment, that they were free to look
around. When they opened the door of the bedroom, they observed appellant with a white
powdery substance.
The record is completely devoid of any evidence explaining or developing
appellant’s relationship to the place searched. Nor do we know if he had a property or
possessory interest in the apartment, how long he had been at the residence, whether he
had been staying overnight as a guest, or whether the person who actually owned or
rented the abode knew he was there or otherwise granted him permission to be there. We
simply have evidence illustrating his presence behind a closed door after someone told the
police they could search the place. Under these circumstances, we cannot say that
presence alone was enough to vest appellant with standing to attack the search. See
Villarreal v. State, 935 S.W.2d at 137 (holding that a purported guest lacked standing to
contest the search where the guest was there to conduct a business transaction, left for
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several hours, and returned to escape capture by the police); Smith v. State, 176 S.W.3d
907, 914 (Tex. App.–Dallas 2005, pet. ref’d) (showing that mere presence in the house was
not enough). Accordingly, the trial court did not err in its ruling, and the judgment is
affirmed.
Brian Quinn
Chief Justice
Do not publish.
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