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Opinion filed May 4, 2006
In The
Eleventh Court of Appeals
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No. 11-05-00079-CV
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IN THE INTEREST OF S.D.H., A CHILD
On Appeal from the 326th District Court
Taylor County, Texas
Trial Court Cause No. 33,102-C
M E M O R A N D U M O P I N I O N
The trial court appointed Kenneth and Brenda Hollis sole managing conservators of their granddaughter S.D.H. The trial court also found that the appointment of either of her natural parents as managing conservators was not in the child=s best interest and that such an appointment would significantly impair the child=s physical health and emotional development. The child=s mother was appointed possessory conservator; the child=s father was not. Her father appeals. We affirm.
Background Facts
S.D.H. was born April 17, 1993. Her parents are Melissa Hollis and Mark A. Tutt. Since her birth, S.D.H. has lived with her maternal grandparents Kenneth (Kenny) and Brenda Hollis. Shortly after her birth, Kenny and Brenda filed a petition to be appointed sole managing conservators. In 1995, Mark was convicted of aggravated assault and possession of cocaine with the intent to deliver. Pursuant to the plea bargain agreements, Mark was sentenced to confinement for twenty years for the aggravated assault offense and confinement for thirty years for the possession offense. In 1999, Kenny and Brenda amended their petition to seek also the termination of Mark=s parental rights. An attorney ad litem was appointed to represent Mark=s interest. Counsel was later permitted to withdraw. In 2004, Kenny and Brenda dropped their claim for termination of Mark=s parental rights and elected to proceed only on their request to be appointed sole managing conservators. On December 1, 2004, the trial court denied Mark=s motion for a bench warrant to be present at the final hearing and stated in a written order that it would consider all written evidence that Mark wished to present. The final hearing was conducted on January 3, 2005.
Issues on Appeal
In his pro se brief, Mark contends that the trial court abused its discretion by failing to appoint counsel in his behalf, by failing to rule on his request for a jury trial, and by denying his motion in APropria Persona@ filed on July 8, 2003. Mark also contends that his rights to due process were violated because the hearing was conducted without any regard for his rights, that Kenny was allowed to inject false testimony at the hearing, and that the record contains no facts which support Kenny=s testimony except for the exhibits containing the criminal judgments convicting Mark of aggravated assault and possession of cocaine with the intent to deliver.
Procedural Complaints
Mark was appointed an attorney ad litem when Kenny and Brenda amended their petition to seek the termination of his parental rights. While he was still represented by the attorney ad litem, Mark filed his pro se motion in APropria Persona,@ and the trial court denied the motion. The record does not reflect that the trial court erred in denying this motion.
Both Tex. Fam. Code Ann. ' 107.013 (Vernon Supp. 2005) and ' 157.163 (Vernon 2002) provide for the appointment of counsel to represent indigent parents. However, Section 107.013 applies when termination of parental rights is involved, and Section 157.163 applies in contempt proceedings where incarceration is a possibility. Neither section applies to proceedings to determine custody. The record does not reflect that the trial court erred in denying Mark=s request for appointment of counsel after Kenny and Brenda elected to proceed only on the issue of custody of S.D.H.
Tex. R. Civ. P. 216a requires a request for a jury trial to be filed at least thirty days before the date set for the trial. Mark filed his request for a jury on December 16, 2004. The hearing was set for January 3, 2005. Mark=s request was not timely, and the trial court did not err by proceeding to hear the case.
The record reflects that Mark has been confined in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice - Institutional Division since his 1995 convictions. Mark argues that his rights were violated when the trial court denied his various motions for a bench warrant. We disagree. Litigants cannot be denied access to the courtroom simply because they are inmates; however, there is no absolute right to appear in person for every court proceeding. In re Z.L.T., 124 S.W.3d 163, 165 (Tex. 2003). The record does not support Mark=s contentions that the trial court abused its discretion by denying the motions for bench warrant and by proceeding to the hearing on Mark=s written evidence. Id. at 166.
All of Mark=s procedural challenges have been considered, and each is overruled. The record does not support Mark=s claims that he was denied due process or that any procedural event resulted in reversible error. Tex. R. App. P. 44.1.
Evidentiary Challenges
Kenny testified that he was S.D.H.=s biological maternal grandfather. Since her birth in 1993, Kenny and Brenda had cared for S.D.H. in their home. Since his birth in 1992, S.D.H.=s half brother also lived in their home. Kenny stated that Melissa had voluntarily relinquished her rights as the natural mother to both S.D.H. and her half brother. At the time of this hearing, Kenny and Brenda were in the process of adopting the half brother and had been raising both children as their own.
Kenny further testified that S.D.H. was born with a cranial facial disorder. She also had been diagnosed with a slight learning disability. During her lifetime, Kenny and Brenda had arranged for the necessary treatment and care of S.D.H. Kenny testified that it was in S.D.H.=s best interest that she continue to live with them.
Kenny stated that S.D.H. was aware that Melissa and Mark were her biological parents and that Mark was in prison. Kenny explained that, while Melissa and S.D.H. were close, Melissa was not available to care for S.D.H. on a daily basis. Kenny asked the trial court to appoint Melissa as a possessory conservator and to allow visitation with supervision.
Kenny testified that it would not be in S.D.H.=s best interest for Mark to be appointed a possessory conservator and that such an appointment would endanger her physical and emotional welfare. Kenny stated that he was concerned for S.D.H.=s safety because of the circumstances surrounding Mark=s aggravated assault conviction and because of his drug dealing activities. Prior to his convictions, Mark had requested to take S.D.H. to the mall to shop. Later, Kenny and Brenda discovered that Mark had instead taken her to a Areal rough neighborhood@ known for drug activity. Another time, Kenny and Brenda were contacted by some people claiming to be Mark=s relatives. They asked if they could take S.D.H. to have her picture made. When Kenny and Brenda asked more questions, it became apparent that the people were not Mark=s relatives but were Mark=s Agirlfriends@ and that they had planned to take S.D.H. from Abilene to Pampa where Mark was in prison.
Two letters from Mark were introduced into evidence. In the last paragraph of the letter Mark wrote to S.D.H., Mark stated:
Brenda, I really don=t understand why you would want to deprive me and [S.D.H.] contact, that is real selfish, and GOD hates ugly, and one day things will be turned around, and you will see how it feel[s] to be deprived of your grand-child, GOD will cause it to happen, I have faith in GOD, anyway my [sic] the peace and blessings be upon you all.
S.D.H. was eight years old at the time of the letter.
The record does not support Mark=s contentions that the trial court abused its discretion or that the trial court=s decision was not supported by the evidence. Mark=s evidentiary arguments challenging the order are overruled.
This Court=s Holding
The order of the trial court is affirmed.
TERRY McCALL
JUSTICE
May 4, 2006
Panel consists of: Wright, C.J., and
McCall, J., and Strange, J.