Dismissed and Majority and Dissenting Opinions filed October 7, 2004.
In The
Fourteenth Court of Appeals
____________
NO. 14-03-01090-CV
____________
IN THE INTEREST OF K.M.B. AND D.R.B.
On Appeal from the County Court at Law
Waller County, Texas
Trial Court Cause No. 99-12-15216
M A J O R I T Y O P I N I O N
This is an appeal from an order reducing a child-support obligation. As a threshold matter, we must decide whether this court has jurisdiction. After reviewing the record, we conclude that the two judgments signed by the trial court are not final and appealable because they do not dispose of the attorney=s fees issues. Accordingly, we dismiss this appeal for lack of jurisdiction.
I. Factual and Procedural Background
Appellant Aaron Braziel and appellee Stephanie Braziel finalized their divorce on November 30, 2000. The final divorce decree gave Aaron the right to establish the primary residence for the couple=s two children. Stephanie was ordered to pay $519.75 a month in child support and to reimburse Aaron for the cost of providing health insurance for the children through his employer=s insurance plan. The sum of $519.75 a month was based on Stephanie=s income of $35,000 a year.
In November of 2001, Stephanie voluntarily left her job with Lone Star Tower Co. She testified that in February of 2002, she began to work as a dancer, making $80 to $200 a day and typically working no more than three days a week. On February 13, 2003, the office of the Attorney General filed a AMotion for Enforcement and Modification of Child Support Order,@ alleging Stephanie was $3,356.26 in arrears on her child support obligations as of January 27, 2003. The Attorney General=s Office asked the court to (1) hold Stephanie in contempt and punish her by fine or jail time, (2) order Stephanie committed to the county jail until she paid the child-support arrearage, reasonable attorney=s fees, and court costs, (3) confirm and enter judgment for the child-support arrearage and accrued interest, (4) order payment and income withholding to liquidate the judgment, (5) modify the amount of the payments required by the child-support order and adjust the provisions regarding the children=s health insurance, (6) withhold support from disposable earnings, and (7) award reasonable attorney=s fees and all other costs of the proceeding.
A hearing on the Attorney General=s motion was held before a master on May 22, 2003. The master signed a proposed order finding that Stephanie was $4,374.47 in arrears as of April 30, 2003, and recommended that she pay that sum in installments. The master also recommended reducing the child-support payments to $224.60 a month because the master found such a reduction warranted based on changed circumstances since the entry of the November 2000 divorce decree. On May 23, 2003, Aaron filed a notice of appeal from the master=s hearing, objecting to most of the master=s findings. On May 28, 2003, the trial court approved and adopted the master=s report Aas the order of the [c]ourt@ (the AMay Order@).
On August 12, 2003, the trial court held a hearing in response to Aaron=s appeal from the master=s hearing. The trial court entered an order on that date (the AAugust Order@) in which the trial court found, among other things, that (1) Stephanie was $2,625.43 in arrears on child support obligations as of August 12, 2003; (2) Stephanie had intentionally under-employed herself; and (3) a modification of the child support payments to $335.99 a month was warranted. On September 11, 2003, Aaron filed a notice of appeal contesting the portion of the August Order that reduced Stephanie=s monthly child-support obligation.
II. Analysis and Discussion
To determine whether this court has jurisdiction to consider the matters presented on appeal, we must determine if the order from which this appeal is taken is a final appealable order.
An order that disposes of all claims and parties then before the court is a final appealable order. See Lehmann v. Har-Con Corp., 39 S.W.3d 191, 192B93 (Tex. 2001); State ex rel. Latty v. Owens, 907 S.W.2d 484, 485 (Tex. 1995) (per curiam).[1] In this case, the trial court=s order signed on May 28, 2003, adopted the master=s report Aas the order of the [c]ourt.@ In the May Order, the trial court ordered Stephanie committed to the county jail until she paid A$2,000.00 in child support arrearages; [no] attorney=s fees; and [no] court costs,@ thus ruling on the Attorney General=s request that the trial court order Stephanie committed to the county jail until she paid the child-support arrearage, reasonable attorney=s fees, and court costs. Although not requested by the Attorney General, the trial court suspended this commitment and placed Stephanie on community supervision for sixty months. In listing the conditions of Stephanie=s community supervision in the May Order, the master struck from the form order a condition that read Apay attorney fees as ordered herein.@[2] No provision of the May Order states that the court grants or denies the Attorney General=s claim for attorney=s fees. Although the May Order does not require Stephanie, as a condition of community supervision, to Apay attorney fees as ordered herein,@ this is not surprising because the May Order does not order Stephanie to pay attorney=s fees. However, the trial court=s failure to order Stephanie to pay attorney=s fees does not constitute a denial of the Attorney General=s claim in this regard. The trial court may have intended to address the issue of attorney=s fees later and then amend the conditions of community supervision accordingly, or the trial court may have intended to address this issue later, but not to make the payment of attorney=s fees a condition of community supervision so as to make it easier for Stephanie to satisfy these conditions. In any event, in the absence of language in the May Order ruling on the pending claim for attorney=s fees, we conclude that the May Order does not dispose of all issues and is not a final and appealable judgment. See McNally v. Guevara, 52 S.W.3d 195, 196 (Tex. 2001); Lehmann, 39 S.W.3d at 192B93.
The dissent asserts that the May Order does rule on the attorney=s fees claim based on the section of the May Order entitled, ASuspended Commitment,@ in which the master struck the requirement to Apay attorney fees as ordered herein@ as a condition of Stephanie=s community supervision. However, this action by the master indicates only that payment of attorney=s fees was not a condition of community supervision, not that the master considered the Attorney General=s claim for attorney=s fees in the enforcement and modification proceeding and denied it. See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. ' 157.211 (Vernon 2002) (stating that terms and conditions of community supervision may include the requirement that respondent pay attorney=s fees as ordered by court); id. ' 231.211 (stating that trial court may, with certain exceptions, assess attorney=s fees against nonprevailing party in proceeding brought by Attorney General as Title IV-D agency). Because the May Order did not dispose of the Attorney General=s claim for attorney=s fees, this order was not a final and appealable order.
Although this court has held that a trial court=s failure to award attorney=s fees in a suit affecting the parent-child relationship does not affect the finality of an order, the statute upon which the court was relying has since been changed. See In re J.R., 123 S.W.3d 669, 671B72 (Tex. App.CHouston [14th Dist.] 2003, no pet.). In In re J.R., this court based its decision on the language in the former version of Texas Family Code section 106.002, which stated that attorney=s fees in such cases are awarded as costs. See id.; Tex. Fam. Code Ann. ' 106.002(a) (Vernon 2002). The statute no longer states that the court may order attorney=s fees as costs. See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. ' 106.002(a) (Vernon Supp. 2004). The phrase Aas costs@ has been removed, and the statute now reads: AIn a suit under this title, the court may render judgment for reasonable attorney=s fees and expenses . . . .@ Id. Because the new statutory language applies to this case,[3] this court=s prior decision in In re J.R. does not apply.
The trial court=s August Order presents a different situation. The trial court held a hearing in response to Aaron=s appeal from the master=s ruling, despite the fact that the trial court already had adopted the recommendations in the master=s report on May 28, 2003. At the hearing, Aaron=s attorney testified as to his attorney=s fees and requested the trial court to award Aaron $1,500 in attorney=s fees. Following the testimony, the attorneys and the trial court engaged in a discussion as to whether attorney=s fees were allowed under the Texas Family Code in the circumstances of this case. The trial court indicated that it would take the matter under advisement; however, at the conclusion of the hearing, the trial court stated: AAnd the [c]ourt having taken a moment to read the statute is going to order that there is [sic] no attorney=s fees to be paid in this matter and otherwise will approve the judgement [sic] that=s been presented today.@ The written order from the same day does not include this statement from the trial court; rather, in the written order, the trial court expressly reserved ruling on the issue of attorney=s fees requested by Aaron and his attorney.[4] The docket sheet indicates that sixteen days later, on August 28, 2003, the trial court ordered Stephanie to pay $1,500 in attorney=s fees.[5] The trial judge=s signature appears immediately below this entry on the docket sheet.
First, we must address the inconsistency between the trial court=s oral pronouncement at the hearing and its written order stating that the court reserved ruling on the issue of attorney=s fees. A written judgment or order controls over a trial court=s oral pronouncement. See, e.g., Ex parte Mathis, 822 S.W.2d 727, 732 (Tex. App.CTyler 1991, no writ); Gasperson v. Madill Nat=l Bank, 455 S.W.2d 381, 387 (Tex. App.CFort Worth 1970, writ ref=d n.r.e.). Therefore, the trial court=s statement in the August Order that it would reserve ruling on Aaron=s claim for attorney=s fees controls over the oral pronouncement made at the end of the hearing. As a result, the August Order is not a final appealable order because it does not dispose of the issue of attorney=s fees. See McNally, 52 S.W.3d at 196.
Second, the docket-sheet entry did not constitute a signed, written order. See Jauregui Partners, Ltd. v. Grubb & Ellis Commercial Real Estate Servs., 960 S.W.2d 334, 335B36 (Tex. App.CCorpus Christi 1997, pet. denied) (op. on reh=g) (finding notation on trial jacket granting motion for new trial was not a written order); Grant v. American Nat=l Ins. Co., 808 S.W.2d 181, 181B84 (Tex. App.CHouston [14th Dist.] 1991, no writ) (holding docket entry under heading AOrders of Court@ with judge=s initials beside it did not constitute a final, appealable judgment). Therefore, absent a signed order disposing of the issue of attorney=s fees, the trial court did not dispose of all claims, and its judgment is not final. See Pruett v. Pruett, 754 S.W.2d 802, 803 (Tex. App.CTyler 1988, no pet.) (finding no appellate jurisdiction when trial court rendered judgment for child-support arrearage but expressly reserved issue of attorney=s fees). This court has no jurisdiction to entertain an appeal from a judgment that is not final.
Neither the May Order nor the August Order disposes of all issues and parties. Because neither order is a final and appealable judgment, we dismiss this appeal for lack of appellate jurisdiction.
/s/ Kem Thompson Frost
Justice
Judgment rendered and Majority and Dissenting Opinions filed October 7, 2004.
Panel consists of Chief Justice Hedges and Justices Frost and Guzman. (Hedges, C.J., dissenting).
[1] Under Lehmann, a judgment is also final and appealable if the judgment states with unmistakable clarity that it is a final judgment. See Lehmann, 39 S.W.3d at 192B93. The trial court=s May 28, 2003 and August 12, 2003, orders do not state with Aunmistakable clarity@ that they are final judgments.
[2] The order reads as follows under the heading ASuspended Commitment@:
The Court suspends the commitment and places STEPHANIE M. BRAZIEL on community supervision for 60 months from the date of this order. As terms and conditions of community supervision, STEPHANIE M. BRAZIEL shall:
. . .
4. pay attorney fees as ordered herein;
[3] The new version of the statute became effective on September 1, 2003. See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. ' 106.002 (Vernon Supp. 2004). It applies to a suit affecting the parent-child relationship pending in a trial court on that date or filed on or after that date. See Acts of 2003, 78th Leg., R.S., ch. 478, ' 2, 2003 Tex. Gen. Laws, 1744, 1744. Aaron filed his notice of appeal with this court on September 11, 2003, so this case was pending in the trial court on September 1, 2003.
[4] The dissent finds difficulty in reconciling the May Order, in which the master struck the payment of attorney=s fees as a condition of community supervision, with the August Order, in which the same line was not struck. First, the orders did not originate in the same manner. The May Order is a proposed order signed by the master and then adopted by the trial court. The August Order is an order directly from the trial court. Second, by making payment of attorney=s fees awarded in the August Order a condition of Stephanie=s community supervision, the trial court did not rule on the attorney=s fees claim because the court did not determine in the August Order whether any fees should be awarded. Rather, the trial court expressly reserved ruling on whether attorney=s fees should be awarded to Aaron and his attorney. Further, the August Order is silent as to whether any attorney=s fees should be awarded to the Attorney General. As with the May Order, this silence does not constitute a ruling on the attorney=s fees claim.
[5] The docket sheet reads: AOn 8/12/03 the [c]ourt reserved ruling on the matter of attorneys [sic] fees. After review of 157.167 the court orders Ms. Braziel to pay attorneys [sic] fees in the amount of $1500.00.@