IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS
OF TEXAS
NO. PD-0735-10
THE STATE OF TEXAS
v.
ABRAN ELIAS, Appellee
ON STATE’S PETITION FOR DISCRETIONARY REVIEW
FROM THE EIGHTH COURT OF APPEALS
EL PASO COUNTY
K ELLER, P.J., filed a concurring opinion.
The Court remands this case to the court of appeals to address an alternative argument that
the State made on direct appeal and that the court of appeals failed to address. But the Court then
goes on to resolve an issue that will go away if the State prevails on the alternative argument. I
would limit our remand to the unaddressed claim. Since the Court does not, I must explain my
disagreement with the Court’s analysis of the issue that may never be at issue.
The issue in Cullen was whether a trial court must grant a timely request for findings of fact
ELIAS CONCURRENCE - 2
after ruling on a motion to suppress.1 We held that it did, “upon the request of the losing party.”2
The case before us is unlike Cullen because, in this case, the trial court did enter findings of
fact and conclusions of law. Cullen stands for the proposition that a party who wants to appeal from
a motion to suppress evidence is entitled to have the trial judge articulate the basis for his ruling.
But Cullen did not hold that a judge has a duty to issue findings if no request is made. To the
contrary, it held that, if the losing party failed to request findings, Ross3 would control, and the
evidence would be viewed in the light most favorable to the trial court’s ruling.4
The Court concludes that the trial judge, by issuing findings of fact sua sponte, undertook
the duty to issue all findings this Court now deems to be relevant to the case. I think the Court is
asking for trouble.
The rule the Court sets forth requires that a trial judge anticipate what issues the appellate
courts may decide, in hindsight, are dispositive. Under Cullen and Ross, a failure to request findings
results in the absolute forfeiture of the right to have them. It is a Marin forfeitable right.5 Under the
Court’s opinion, it becomes a non-forfeitable right if the trial court makes any findings of fact at all.
The Court’s rule would delay final disposition of cases. But worse, the remand for further findings
could come so late that it would threaten to unravel the entire process—for instance, if the trial judge
has been replaced by a new judge who wants to decide the motion differently.
1
State v. Cullen, 195 S.W.3d 696 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006).
2
Id. at 699.
3
State v. Ross, 32 S.W.3d 853 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000).
4
Cullen, supra at 699.
5
Marin v. State, 851 S.W.2d 275, 279 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993).
ELIAS CONCURRENCE - 3
There is a remedy that avoids these dangers and also follows Cullen. It is to require the
losing party to object in the trial court and to ask for any further findings of fact it believes necessary.
If no such request is made, we should apply the Ross presumption. There is nothing unfair or
unusual about requiring a party to object in a timely manner to what it finds objectionable.
I respectfully concur.
FILED: April 6, 2011
PUBLISH